【摘要】：在21世紀的今天，建筑結構設計節(jié)能環(huán)保已成為到各國科學家著手研究的課題之一。結構優(yōu)化設計就是從這一思考方向向前發(fā)展的，目前，在工程領域，建筑的安全與投資的效益是評價建筑是否合理的兩個主要方面，，即如何保證建筑的安全生產(chǎn)，又能最大程度的減少建筑的造價。ANSYS作為一種強大的有限元軟件，能夠為設計人員在結構優(yōu)化方面提供更先進的優(yōu)化方法，大大減少了繁冗的計算過程，同時降低了計算誤差，更加精確的模擬建筑結構受力情況，不僅為設計人員贏得了寶貴的時間，還提供了一種更加精確的優(yōu)化方法。 本論文就是以鋼筋混凝土變截面懸臂梁為研究對象，依據(jù)《混凝土結構設計規(guī)范》的要求，分別從構件強度、位移、構造方面對結構進行設計，考慮矩形截面懸臂梁的受力特征進行形狀優(yōu)化，以懸臂梁的自由端與固定端截面尺寸，縱向鋼筋配筋率和配箍率為優(yōu)化變量，以鋼筋混凝土變截面懸臂梁造價為優(yōu)化目標，通過大型通用有限元軟件ANSYS對懸臂梁建立模型并優(yōu)化設計計算，運用了有限元法中的一階方法，得到了懸臂梁最大應力、最大彎矩和最大位移等計算結果，與理論值進行對比，從而可知結果與理論值非常接近，說明了優(yōu)化結果是有理論基礎的。最后通過優(yōu)化計算獲得了鋼筋混凝土變截面懸臂梁的最優(yōu)截面尺寸以及最優(yōu)的構件造價，然后與傳統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設計結果進行對比，從研究成果中得到，通過ANSYS軟件優(yōu)化設計得到的結果要比在優(yōu)化前節(jié)約了近4%。本論文均是按照設計規(guī)范進行受力分析以及建立數(shù)學模型的，對設計人員是有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:In the 21 st century, energy-saving and environmental protection of building structure design has become one of the subjects that scientists all over the world begin to study. Structural optimum design develops from this direction of thinking. At present, in the field of engineering, the safety of construction and the benefit of investment are the two main aspects to evaluate whether the building is reasonable, that is, how to ensure the safety of building production. As a powerful finite element software, ANSYS can provide a more advanced optimization method for designers in structural optimization. More accurate simulation of structural stress not only wins valuable time for designers, but also provides a more accurate optimization method. In this paper, the cantilever beam with variable section of reinforced concrete is taken as the research object. According to the requirements of the concrete structure Design Code, the structure is designed from the strength, displacement and construction of the member, respectively. Considering the stress characteristics of cantilever beam with rectangular section, the shape of cantilever beam is optimized. The dimensions of free end and fixed end of cantilever beam, the ratio of longitudinal reinforcement and hoop are taken as optimization variables, and the cost of cantilever beam with variable section of reinforced concrete is taken as the optimization objective. The model of cantilever beam is established and optimized by ANSYS, and the results of maximum stress, maximum bending moment and maximum displacement of cantilever beam are obtained by using the first order method of finite element method, and the results are compared with the theoretical values. Therefore, the result is very close to the theoretical value, which shows that the optimization results are theoretically based. Finally, the optimal section size and the optimal component cost of the RC cantilever beam with variable cross section are obtained through the optimization calculation, and then compared with the traditional optimal design results, the results are obtained from the research results. The results obtained by the optimization design of ANSYS software are nearly 4 saving than that before optimization. This paper is based on the design code for force analysis and mathematical model, which is a certain reference value for designers.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU375.1

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