【摘要】：近二十年來我國建筑業(yè)快速發(fā)展，結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜、工期要求更加嚴(yán)苛的項目比比皆是。但是，越來越復(fù)雜的施工過程，導(dǎo)致工程進(jìn)度信息成幾何倍數(shù)增長，沒有一個很好的平臺能夠承載這些信息，不利于進(jìn)度目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)與管理。另一方面，目前指導(dǎo)施工的模型多是施工模型，不具有實時性，施工過程實際進(jìn)度信息傳遞不及時導(dǎo)致的進(jìn)度糾偏不及時，也會影響進(jìn)度目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。另外，施工現(xiàn)場構(gòu)件的實時施工進(jìn)度信息多變，與BIM模型中的構(gòu)件無法進(jìn)行有效的關(guān)聯(lián)。施工進(jìn)度是工程項目管理的基礎(chǔ)和主線，進(jìn)度的管理歸根到底是對構(gòu)件的管理，，然而蘊(yùn)含在構(gòu)件上的進(jìn)度信息難以得到有效的描述，無法以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式的中間文件提供給施工方使用。 本文立足于上述背景，從智慧施工的理念出發(fā)，提出智慧施工進(jìn)度管理的概念及實現(xiàn)機(jī)理。借助于BIM信息模型，以物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)RFID技術(shù)為信息采集、傳遞手段，以普適環(huán)境下的上下文感知技術(shù)為信息處理手段，4D技術(shù)為分析工具，從施工進(jìn)度信息的采集、處理、傳遞與共享出發(fā)，提出智慧施工進(jìn)度管理信息模型總體框架，目的在于對進(jìn)度管理更具有時效性。首先是創(chuàng)建目標(biāo)構(gòu)筑物的BIM信息模型，在此基礎(chǔ)上將構(gòu)件的進(jìn)度上下文信息作為擴(kuò)展數(shù)據(jù)添加到構(gòu)件的屬性集中，3D模型與進(jìn)度計劃進(jìn)行鏈接從而實現(xiàn)4D。在實際施工的過程中利用實時施工模型進(jìn)行進(jìn)度管理。實時施工模型是與實際建筑物狀態(tài)保持一致的模型，建立模型需要對項目進(jìn)度不斷的監(jiān)控與更新。具體的是對已完成構(gòu)件貼上RFID標(biāo)簽，通過閱讀器將已完成構(gòu)件的信息掃描傳遞，再經(jīng)上下文處理，更新到BIM數(shù)據(jù)庫，進(jìn)行智能識別、替換，形成已建構(gòu)筑物的基于BIM的實時施工模型，并以未完成的三維模型與未完成的進(jìn)度計劃實現(xiàn)對待施工部分的4D模擬，指導(dǎo)后續(xù)施工。文章最后以實例模擬的方式，驗證上述流程。該研究有利于豐富已有進(jìn)度管理的理論和實踐，為解決施工進(jìn)度管理中的信息問題提供了新的研究視角，但也存在不足，需要進(jìn)一步的研究和完善。
[Abstract]:In the past twenty years, the construction industry has developed rapidly, the structure is more complicated, and the construction period is more demanding. However, the construction process is more and more complex, which leads to the increase of geometric multiple of the progress information, and there is no good platform to carry the information, which is not conducive to the realization and management of the progress goals. On the other hand, most of the models guiding construction are construction models, which do not have real time, and the progress correction caused by the transmission of actual progress information in the construction process is not timely, which will also affect the realization of progress goals. In addition, the real-time construction progress information of the components in the construction site is variable, and can not be effectively correlated with the components in the BIM model. Construction schedule is the basis and main line of project management. The management of schedule is the management of components in the final analysis, but the information contained in the component is difficult to be effectively described. Can not be provided in the standard format of the intermediate file for the use of the construction. Based on the above background and the concept of intelligent construction, this paper puts forward the concept and realization mechanism of intelligent construction schedule management. With the help of BIM information model, the key technology of the Internet of things, RFID technology, is used as the information collection and transmission means, the context-aware technology under the universal environment is used as the information processing means, the 4D technology is used as the analysis tool, and the construction progress information is collected and processed. The general framework of intelligent construction schedule management information model is put forward in order to be more timely for schedule management. Firstly, the BIM information model of the target structure is created. On this basis, the progress context information of the component is added to the attribute set of the component as extended data, and the 3D model is linked to the schedule plan to realize 4D. The real-time construction model is used to manage the progress in the process of actual construction. The real-time construction model is a model consistent with the actual building state. The establishment of the model needs to monitor and update the progress of the project constantly. Specifically, the finished components are labeled with RFID tags, scanned and transmitted by the reader, and then updated to the BIM database after the context processing, for intelligent identification and replacement. The real-time construction model based on BIM is formed, and the 4D simulation of the construction part is realized with the unfinished 3D model and the unfinished schedule plan to guide the subsequent construction. At the end of the paper, the flow is verified by an example. This research is helpful to enrich the theory and practice of the existing progress management, and provides a new research angle for solving the information problem in the construction schedule management. However, there are still some shortcomings, which need to be further studied and improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU722;TU17

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本文編號：2277425