【摘要】：隨著中國(guó)新型城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展加速，城市市政基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)、住宅的數(shù)量必將大幅增多，而建筑能耗在整體能耗中已占據(jù)相當(dāng)大的部分。建筑砂漿作為僅次于墻體材料和混凝土的大宗建筑材料，每年的用量達(dá)數(shù)億噸之多，就當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)來(lái)看，濕拌砂漿這一綠色建材的推廣勢(shì)在必行。而與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比，我國(guó)對(duì)濕拌砂漿的研究起步較晚，普及推廣也較慢，因此對(duì)研究如何配制和易好、工作性能保持能力強(qiáng)、耐久性好的濕拌砂漿就顯得很有必要。 本文主要研究了膠砂比對(duì)濕拌砂漿性能的影響，在選定膠砂比后，還研究了外加劑、不同組分及不同時(shí)刻的二次加水對(duì)濕拌砂漿性能的影響。主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容有以下幾點(diǎn)： 首先，研究了膠砂比對(duì)素水泥砂漿性能的影響及不同組分下濕拌砂漿的性能變化規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明，隨著膠砂比的減小，砂漿的分層度、稠度經(jīng)時(shí)損失及砂漿的干縮均逐漸增大；28d抗壓和抗折強(qiáng)度逐漸減�。荒Y(jié)時(shí)間逐漸增長(zhǎng)。當(dāng)膠砂比為1:3時(shí)，在砂漿中用雙飛粉取代砂、粉煤灰取代水泥及石灰膏取代水泥均可以改善砂漿的工作性能，其中雙飛粉取代量不宜超過(guò)砂質(zhì)量的30%，粉煤灰和石灰膏不宜超過(guò)水泥質(zhì)量的20%； 其次，研究了外加劑種類(lèi)及摻量對(duì)不同組分濕拌砂漿性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明，在不同組分的濕拌砂漿中摻入減水劑、保水劑和緩凝劑，均可以不同程度地改善砂漿的保水性、干燥收縮、稠度經(jīng)時(shí)損失及凝結(jié)時(shí)間。外加劑摻量并非越大越好，而是存在著一個(gè)相對(duì)最佳的范圍，且各外加劑在不同組分的濕拌砂漿中的飽和摻量有所不同。 再次，通過(guò)在不同時(shí)刻對(duì)不同組分的濕拌砂漿進(jìn)行二次加水拌合，來(lái)考察其對(duì)不同組分下濕拌砂漿的性能影響。 在力學(xué)性能方面，二次加水拌合對(duì)砂漿28d抗壓強(qiáng)度有不同程度的降低，其降低幅度為：水泥-石灰膏-砂水泥-砂水泥-粉煤灰-砂水泥-雙飛粉-砂； 在耐久性方面，二次加水拌合對(duì)耐久性也有不同程度的削弱，其削弱幅度為：水泥-石灰膏-砂水泥-粉煤灰-砂水泥-砂水泥-雙飛粉-砂。因此，對(duì)于“水泥-石灰膏-砂”和“水泥-粉煤灰-砂”濕拌砂漿來(lái)說(shuō)，應(yīng)盡量避免二次加水拌合，若有不得不進(jìn)行二次加水拌合的情況，則可選用“水泥-雙飛粉-砂”濕拌砂漿來(lái)適當(dāng)?shù)窒蚨伟韬虾蟾黜?xiàng)性能的削弱。 最后，綜合所做試驗(yàn)得出的凝結(jié)時(shí)間-貫入阻力曲線圖分析得出，貫入阻力值與可操作時(shí)間存在著一定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，當(dāng)貫入阻力介于0-0.5N之間時(shí)，砂漿仍有施工性能；當(dāng)貫入阻力介于0.5-1N之間時(shí)，施工性能逐漸變差；當(dāng)貫入阻力超過(guò)1N后，砂漿基本無(wú)施工性能。摻入各外加劑能不同程度地延長(zhǎng)砂漿貫入阻力值達(dá)到1N左右的時(shí)間，從而延長(zhǎng)砂漿的可操作時(shí)間。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，，砂漿貫入阻力的增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)為兩個(gè)平緩區(qū)、兩個(gè)增幅區(qū)，即砂漿貫入阻力在0-1N、7-10N區(qū)間增長(zhǎng)較為平緩；貫入阻力在1-7N、10N之后的區(qū)間增長(zhǎng)幅度明顯，且其在10N之后區(qū)間的增幅要大于其在1-7N區(qū)間的增幅。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the development of new urbanization in China, the number of urban municipal infrastructures and residential buildings will increase dramatically, and building energy consumption has occupied a considerable part of the overall energy consumption. It is imperative to popularize Wet-mix mortar as a green building material. Compared with developed countries, the research on Wet-mix mortar in China started late and popularized slowly. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to prepare and improve the Wet-mix mortar.
This paper mainly studies the influence of mortar ratio on the properties of wet-mixed mortar. After selecting the mortar ratio, the effects of admixtures, different components and secondary water addition at different times on the properties of wet-mixed mortar are also studied.
Firstly, the influence of mortar-mortar ratio on the performance of plain cement mortar and the change rule of wet-mixed mortar under different components were studied. When the sand ratio is 1:3, the working performance of mortar can be improved by replacing sand with double fly ash, cement and lime gypsum with fly ash. The replacement quantity of double fly ash should not exceed 30% of the sand quality, and fly ash and lime gypsum should not exceed 20% of the cement quality.
Secondly, the effects of different kinds and dosages of admixtures on the properties of wet-mixed mortars with different components were studied. The results show that the water-retaining agent, water-retaining agent and retarder can improve the water-retaining property, drying shrinkage, time loss of consistency and setting time of mortars to varying degrees. Good, but there is a relatively optimum range of additives in different components of wet-mixed mortar in the saturated content is different.
Thirdly, the performance of wet-mixed mortar with different components was investigated by adding water twice at different times.
In terms of mechanical properties, the 28-day compressive strength of mortar decreased with the secondary water addition, and the decreasing extent was as follows: cement - lime gypsum - sand cement - sand cement - fly ash - sand cement - double fly ash - sand.
In the aspect of durability, the second water mixing also weakens the durability in varying degrees, the extent of which is: cement - lime gypsum - sand cement - fly ash - sand cement - sand cement - double fly ash - sand. If the secondary mixing is not carried out, the "cement-double fly ash-sand" wet mixing mortar can be selected to offset the weakening of various properties due to the secondary mixing.
Finally, the coagulation time-penetration resistance curves obtained from the tests show that there is a corresponding relationship between the penetration resistance and the operating time. When the penetration resistance is between 0-0.5N, the mortar still has the construction performance; when the penetration resistance is between 0.5-1N, the construction performance gradually becomes worse; when the penetration resistance exceeds 1N, the construction performance becomes worse. Generally speaking, the increasing trend of the penetration resistance of mortar is two gentle zones, and the two increasing zones, i.e. the penetration resistance of mortar in the range of 0-1N and 7-10N, increase slowly. The input resistance increases obviously in the interval after 1-7N and 10N, and the interval after 10N is larger than that in the interval between 1-7N.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU578.1

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