發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-28 10:59

【摘要】：建筑蓄熱特性研究的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一是圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，傳統(tǒng)建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)熱工性能分析一般采用 形式?jīng)Q定功能‖的分析方法。即在已知建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)形式、材料和熱物性的前提下,分析其熱性能,并以此為基礎(chǔ),得到相應(yīng)的采暖、制冷負(fù)荷,進(jìn)而確定采暖、制冷方式。這種分析思路下得出的圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)往往容易出現(xiàn) 殺雞用牛刀‖的能源配置浪費(fèi)情況，因此難以確定建筑的最佳圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)形式、材料的最佳熱物性和采暖、制冷的最佳方式。而蓄熱性能優(yōu)良的房屋，應(yīng)該是在保持室內(nèi)熱舒適度的前提下，不再額外增加空調(diào)負(fù)荷。通過房屋圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)這個(gè) 海綿體‖的調(diào)節(jié)，將建筑室內(nèi)的溫度波動盡可能的控制在舒適范圍內(nèi)。從而在夏季利用夜間通風(fēng)蓄積冷量，延遲室內(nèi)溫度出現(xiàn)峰值的時(shí)間，降低峰值溫度；在冬季利用太陽能蓄積熱量，延長舒適溫度持續(xù)時(shí)間，，避免室溫出現(xiàn)過大波動，減少冷不舒適感。 本文通過理論分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)論證的方法，從保證室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境舒適性且不再額外增加空調(diào)負(fù)荷的角度出發(fā)，尋求房屋蓄熱特性在西安城市環(huán)境下的適應(yīng)性機(jī)制，建立該地區(qū)的房屋蓄熱物理模型，并在該模型基礎(chǔ)上給出房屋蓄熱特性性能化指標(biāo)，引入“累計(jì)日室內(nèi)溫度不舒適度”IDCT以及“累計(jì)日室內(nèi)溫度不舒適時(shí)間”TDCT作為評價(jià)室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的基準(zhǔn)。提出綜合熱惰性指標(biāo)DZ以及蓄熱量指標(biāo)M m的概念，并給出其計(jì)算方法，且將其作為衡量建筑蓄熱性能優(yōu)劣的指標(biāo)，給出西安地區(qū)滿足室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境需要的綜合熱惰性指標(biāo)DZ以及蓄熱量指標(biāo)M m。當(dāng)建筑室內(nèi)的舒適溫度上限值定為30.7℃時(shí)，對應(yīng)的綜合熱惰性指標(biāo)DZ需達(dá)到3.83，而對應(yīng)的蓄熱指標(biāo)M需達(dá)到524.9KJ (K π)。同時(shí)應(yīng)用蓄熱理論，本文還對一案例進(jìn)行蓄熱設(shè)計(jì)及其室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境分析，最終指出蓄熱設(shè)計(jì)不但對于提高人體熱舒適起到至關(guān)重要的作用還可以降低建筑能耗。過對建筑蓄熱的計(jì)算分析，本文最終目的在于指導(dǎo)建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)熱工設(shè)計(jì)和建材的熱物性設(shè)計(jì)與研制。
[Abstract]:The design of enclosure structure is one of the most important contents in the research of building heat storage characteristics. The traditional thermal performance analysis of building envelope structure is usually based on the method of determining the function of the structure. That is, under the premise of known building envelope structure form, material and thermal physical property, the thermal performance is analyzed, and on this basis, the corresponding heating and refrigeration load is obtained, and then the heating and refrigeration methods are determined. It is difficult to determine the best form of enclosure structure, the best thermal properties of materials and heating, because of the waste of energy allocation of cattle knife and knife for killing chickens, which is obtained by this kind of analysis idea, and it is difficult to determine the best form of enclosure structure, the best thermal properties of materials, and the heating. The best way to cool. And the house with good heat storage performance should not increase the air conditioning load on the premise of keeping the indoor thermal comfort. By adjusting the building enclosure, the temperature fluctuation in the building room is kept as comfortable as possible. Thus, in summer, the cooling capacity of night ventilation is used to delay the peak time of indoor temperature, to reduce the peak temperature, to use solar energy to accumulate heat in winter, to prolong the duration of comfortable temperature, and to avoid excessive fluctuations at room temperature. Reduce cold discomfort. In this paper, through theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration, from the point of view of ensuring indoor thermal environment comfort and no additional air conditioning load, the adaptive mechanism of building heat storage characteristics in Xi'an urban environment is sought. The physical model of building heat storage in this area is established, and the performance index of building heat storage characteristic is given on the basis of the model. IDCT and TDCT are introduced to evaluate indoor thermal environment. The concepts of comprehensive thermal inertia index (DZ) and heat storage index (M m) are put forward, and their calculation methods are given. A comprehensive thermal inert index (DZ) and a heat storage index (M m) for indoor thermal environment in Xi'an area are given. When the upper limit of comfortable temperature is set at 30.7 鈩

本文編號：2209195