【摘要】：供水系統(tǒng)是城市建設(shè)發(fā)展和人民正常生活重要基礎(chǔ),供水產(chǎn)銷差是評(píng)價(jià)供水系統(tǒng)的重要指標(biāo)。近年來(lái),由歷史原因造成的管道管材選用和管網(wǎng)布置等問題日漸顯現(xiàn),加上部分城區(qū)管網(wǎng)運(yùn)行多年,存在管道嚴(yán)重老化、爆管事故頻發(fā)、漏失量居高不下的情況,這些都是導(dǎo)致高產(chǎn)銷差出現(xiàn)的罪魁禍?zhǔn)�。同時(shí),隨著水資源日益緊缺和社會(huì)需水量的增加,水資源供求矛盾日趨顯著,較高的產(chǎn)銷差不僅阻礙供水企業(yè)的良性發(fā)展,對(duì)水資源也造成了變相浪費(fèi)。在現(xiàn)有可供利用水資源總量不變的情況下,產(chǎn)銷差的有效管理成了解決供求矛盾的有力措施,是企業(yè)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展的必經(jīng)之路。本文以J市為研究對(duì)象,深入分析小區(qū)管網(wǎng)改擴(kuò)建案例,探討管網(wǎng)改造的可行性;對(duì)城市典型小區(qū)建立DMA,在實(shí)地監(jiān)測(cè)和調(diào)研獲取的大量數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)小區(qū)產(chǎn)銷差各組分進(jìn)行定性和定量分析;在上述DMA小區(qū)內(nèi),通過逐步關(guān)閉閥門進(jìn)行模擬調(diào)壓閥調(diào)壓的實(shí)驗(yàn),觀察不同壓力下漏失量的變化情況,得出壓力與漏失量的關(guān)系式,分析安裝調(diào)壓閥的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。結(jié)合上述結(jié)論分析J市產(chǎn)銷差管理現(xiàn)狀,并通過J市窺探北方小城鎮(zhèn)產(chǎn)銷差管理存在的諸多問題,包括缺少經(jīng)濟(jì)支持、用戶錯(cuò)誤用水觀念、供水管網(wǎng)老舊、缺少先進(jìn)技術(shù)、計(jì)量設(shè)施高誤差、供水普及率低、企業(yè)管理制度落后等,最后從管網(wǎng)分區(qū)管理、管網(wǎng)改造方案和企業(yè)管理模式三方面針對(duì)北方小城鎮(zhèn)產(chǎn)銷差管理給出合理化建議,為企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)銷差的有效管理提供理論支撐。
[Abstract]:Water supply system is an important foundation of urban construction and development and people's normal life, and the difference of water supply production and marketing is an important index to evaluate water supply system. In recent years, the problems of pipe material selection and pipe network arrangement caused by historical reasons have gradually appeared. In addition, some urban pipe networks have been running for many years, and there are serious aging of pipelines, frequent pipe burst accidents and high leakage. These are the main culprits leading to high-yield and poor sales. At the same time, with the increasing shortage of water resources and the increase of social water demand, the contradiction between water resources supply and demand is becoming more and more obvious. The higher production and marketing difference not only hinder the healthy development of water supply enterprises, but also cause a disguised waste of water resources. Under the condition that the total amount of available water resources remains unchanged, the effective management of production and marketing difference becomes a powerful measure to solve the contradiction between supply and demand, and is the only way for enterprises to develop in the long run. This article takes J city as the research object, deeply analyzes the case of the district pipe network reconstruction and extension, discusses the feasibility of the pipe network transformation, establishes the DMA, on the basis of a large number of data obtained in the field monitoring and investigation for the typical urban residential area. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the components of the production and marketing difference in the residential area is carried out. In the DMA district mentioned above, through the experiment of simulating the pressure regulation of the pressure regulating valve by gradually closing the valve, the change of the leakage amount under different pressure is observed, and the relationship between the pressure and the leakage is obtained. The economy of installing pressure regulating valve is analyzed. Combined with the above conclusions, this paper analyzes the present situation of production and marketing difference management in J city, and explores through J city many problems existing in the management of production and marketing difference in small towns in northern China, including lack of economic support, wrong concept of water use by users, old and old water supply network, and lack of advanced technology. The measurement facilities are high error, the water supply popularization rate is low, the enterprise management system is backward and so on. Finally, the rational suggestions are given for the production and marketing difference management of the small towns in the north from three aspects of the pipe network zonal management, the pipe network transformation scheme and the enterprise management mode. To provide theoretical support for the effective management of manufacturing and marketing difference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.33

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