【摘要】：近些年我國建筑產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模已經(jīng)擴大了到前所未有的地步，但建筑質(zhì)量保障體系卻沒有與時俱進。質(zhì)量保證金制度與工程質(zhì)量終身負責(zé)制已經(jīng)不再適應(yīng)當(dāng)前形勢，甚至從某些方面阻礙了建筑業(yè)的健康發(fā)展，所以數(shù)年前工程質(zhì)量保證險制度作為其替代機制被引進國內(nèi)。但工程質(zhì)量保證險制度在其試點城市內(nèi)的運行并不成功，造成這種結(jié)果理論層面的主要原因之一就是合作雙方間的信息不對稱問題。 本文致力于構(gòu)建一套服務(wù)于工程質(zhì)量保證險制度的建筑質(zhì)量評價體系來解決上述信息不對稱問題。這種建筑質(zhì)量評價過程可劃分成勘察設(shè)計質(zhì)量評價、建筑施工質(zhì)量評價、一年使用期后狀況評價三個部分。本文研究的主要內(nèi)容就是圍繞其中的建筑施工質(zhì)量評價部分，就是構(gòu)建一個基于我國工程質(zhì)量保證險制度的建筑施工質(zhì)量安全評價體系。 構(gòu)建該體系，也就是探求一種服務(wù)與商業(yè)保險的經(jīng)濟適用、科學(xué)完備的建筑施工質(zhì)量評價方法。為了達到這種效果，本文采取的方法是將實踐施工經(jīng)驗與各項工程驗收規(guī)范進行整合分類，再結(jié)合現(xiàn)行建筑質(zhì)量評價體系的相關(guān)成果進行適當(dāng)步驟簡化與風(fēng)險轉(zhuǎn)移。 為方便討論，所構(gòu)建體系將建筑施工過程簡化為基礎(chǔ)工程、混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)工程、砌體工程三個部分，對這三個分項工程分別進行研究。研究中提出觀點：相對嚴重建筑質(zhì)量缺陷，一般的質(zhì)量缺陷更關(guān)乎保險公司的生死存亡。在該觀點的指導(dǎo)下，體系評估側(cè)重于識別常見的建筑質(zhì)量風(fēng)險。 本文研究的理論基礎(chǔ)為實踐施工經(jīng)驗和現(xiàn)有分項工程驗收規(guī)范，而土木工程本身又是一門先經(jīng)驗而行的科學(xué)，所以本文研究的理論方法選為經(jīng)驗總結(jié)法和專家評價法。最后得出的建筑施工質(zhì)量評價體系卻遇到指標量化的瓶頸，選用專家賦值法雖然有一定成效，但是仍顯得不夠科學(xué)嚴謹。因此，本文最后建議應(yīng)盡快建立建筑質(zhì)量缺陷數(shù)據(jù)庫，以便今后能夠更加科學(xué)的量化分項指標。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's construction industry has expanded to unprecedented extent, but the construction quality assurance system has not kept pace with the times. The quality guarantee system and the project quality lifelong responsibility system have no longer adapted to the current situation, and even hindered the healthy development of the construction industry in some aspects. Therefore, a few years ago, the engineering quality assurance insurance system was introduced into China as its substitute mechanism. However, the operation of the project quality assurance insurance system in the pilot cities is not successful. One of the main reasons for this kind of result is the information asymmetry between the two partners. This paper is devoted to the construction of a construction quality evaluation system serving the engineering quality assurance system to solve the problem of asymmetric information mentioned above. The process of building quality evaluation can be divided into three parts: survey and design quality evaluation, construction quality evaluation and state evaluation after one year of use. The main content of this paper is to construct a construction quality and safety evaluation system based on the system of engineering quality assurance in our country. To construct this system is to explore a scientific and complete evaluation method of construction quality for service and commercial insurance. In order to achieve this effect, the method adopted in this paper is to integrate the practical construction experience with various engineering acceptance codes, and then combine the relevant achievements of the current building quality evaluation system to simplify and transfer the risks. In order to facilitate the discussion, the construction process is simplified into three parts: foundation engineering, concrete structure engineering and masonry engineering. The three sub-projects are studied separately. In the research, the author points out that relative serious building quality defect, general quality defect is more related to the life and death of insurance company. Guided by this view, the system evaluation focuses on identifying common building quality risks. The theoretical basis of this paper is the practical construction experience and the existing code of acceptance of the sub-project, and the civil engineering itself is a science of first experience, so the theoretical method studied in this paper is selected as the empirical summary method and the expert evaluation method. Finally, the evaluation system of construction quality is met with the bottleneck of index quantification. Although the selection of expert valuation method has some effect, it is still not scientific and rigorous enough. Therefore, it is suggested that the database of building quality defects should be set up as soon as possible, so as to be able to quantify the sub-indexes more scientifically in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU71

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本文編號：2202851