【摘要】：因為供熱管道直埋敷設(shè)技術(shù)具有能耗低、施工快、投資小、對周圍環(huán)境影響小等優(yōu)勢，因此在我國得到迅速發(fā)展，1998年頒布了《城鎮(zhèn)直埋供熱管道工程技術(shù)規(guī)程》（CJJ-T81-98）。近年來，由于城市集中供熱迅速增長，供熱管道向大口徑發(fā)展，很多供熱工程管徑已超過DN1000mm。然而，，國內(nèi)現(xiàn)行的《技術(shù)規(guī)程》的使用條件限制管徑等于或小于DN500mm，因此已不能滿足大管徑的設(shè)計需要，而且大管徑應(yīng)力的相關(guān)研究也不多。因此本課題提出針對大口徑直埋供熱管道的受力特點和應(yīng)力驗算條件進行研究，以指導(dǎo)供熱管道的正確設(shè)計和安裝。設(shè)計中，在充分考慮管道安全的基礎(chǔ)上，盡可能的充分利用管道自身的強度特點，減少施工造價。 本文對直埋熱力管道的基礎(chǔ)理論進行了分析，指出在小管徑管道應(yīng)力分析時忽略的影響因素，有很多影響因素在大管徑管道應(yīng)力分析時已經(jīng)成為不能忽略的影響因素，如管道和介質(zhì)的重量對摩擦力的影響等，并提出修正的計算公式。 鑒于目前不少大管徑實際工程的設(shè)計，由于應(yīng)力計算和分析的不足，以至影響到固定墩、補償器的數(shù)量，增加了工程的投資。本文針對一個實際工程設(shè)計進行了全面的應(yīng)力分析與計算，做到在滿足應(yīng)力要求的基礎(chǔ)上合理布置管道附件，大大減少了固定墩、補償器的數(shù)量，并對其三通利用ANSYS軟件進行了有限元分析，支持了三通的優(yōu)化方案。 本文研究的主要成果是把管道和介質(zhì)重量考慮到摩擦力公式里，并用該公式對實際工程進行計算；過渡段長度計算時，考慮了內(nèi)壓泊松作用和內(nèi)壓不平衡作用的影響；計算固定墩推力時考慮了供回水管應(yīng)力的不同；在進行環(huán)向應(yīng)力計算時，利用的管壁壁厚是最不利條件下的壁厚，充分考慮了實際運行情況下出現(xiàn)刻蝕、焊接缺陷等因素。 本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在大管徑直埋熱力管道實際工程中，還有許多可以優(yōu)化的部分。如果能夠在設(shè)計時引起注意，重視這些部分，那么直埋大管徑熱力管道工程的造價會有顯著的降低；其次隨著計算機仿真技術(shù)的發(fā)展，有必要在設(shè)計時對容易破壞的部分，進行有限元分析，以此指導(dǎo)設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:Due to its advantages of low energy consumption, fast construction, small investment and little impact on the surrounding environment, the direct buried heating pipeline laying technology has been developed rapidly in China. In 1998, the Technical regulations for Urban Direct buried heating Pipeline Engineering (CJJ-T81-98) were promulgated. In recent years, due to the rapid growth of central heating in cities and the development of heating pipelines to large caliber, many heating engineering pipe diameters have exceeded DN1000mmm. However, the current domestic technical specification limits the diameter of pipe to be equal to or less than DN500mm, so it can not meet the design needs of large diameter, and there is not much research on the stress of large diameter. Therefore, this paper puts forward the research on the stress characteristics and stress checking conditions of large diameter direct buried heating pipeline, in order to guide the correct design and installation of heating pipeline. In the design, on the basis of taking full account of pipeline safety, as far as possible to make full use of the characteristics of the strength of the pipeline itself, reduce the construction cost. In this paper, the basic theory of directly buried thermal pipeline is analyzed, and it is pointed out that the influence factors neglected in the stress analysis of small diameter pipeline have become the influential factors which can not be ignored in the stress analysis of large diameter pipeline. For example, the influence of the weight of pipe and medium on the friction force and so on, and the modified formula is put forward. Due to the shortage of stress calculation and analysis, the number of fixed piers and compensators has been affected and the investment of the project has been increased. In this paper, a comprehensive stress analysis and calculation is carried out for a practical engineering design. The pipe accessories are reasonably arranged on the basis of satisfying the stress requirements, and the number of fixed piers and compensators is greatly reduced. The finite element analysis of the three links is carried out by ANSYS software, which supports the optimization scheme of the three links. The main results of this paper are that the weight of pipeline and medium is taken into account in the friction force formula, and the actual engineering is calculated by the formula, and the influence of the internal pressure Poisson action and the internal pressure imbalance action are considered in the calculation of the length of the transition section. In calculating the thrust of fixed piers, the different stresses of water supply and return pipes are considered, and the wall thickness of the pipe is the most unfavorable when the circumferential stress is calculated, and the factors such as etching and welding defects in actual operation are fully considered. In this study, it is found that there are many parts that can be optimized in the practical engineering of large diameter directly buried thermal pipeline. If attention can be paid to these parts in the design, the cost of directly buried large diameter thermal pipeline projects will be significantly reduced. Secondly, with the development of computer simulation technology, it is necessary to deal with the vulnerable parts in the design. Finite element analysis is carried out to guide the design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU995.3

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