【摘要】：隨著國家對建筑節(jié)能和墻材革新工作的高度重視，政府部門重點推進保溫、防火、環(huán)保的多功能復合新型墻體材料的生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用，建筑墻體保溫材料不斷發(fā)展。針對目前市場上存在的典型保溫材料的優(yōu)缺點，本文以建筑自保溫墻體為研究對象，主要進行建筑自保溫墻體中自保溫砌塊的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化分析、自保溫墻體的熱工參數(shù)計算分析以及在夏熱冬冷地區(qū)自保溫墻體的應(yīng)用性能分析，為自保溫墻體材料在夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的推廣、保溫材料的設(shè)計提供應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)。 首先，建立了建筑自保溫砌塊的熱阻計算模型，分析了壁厚、孔洞率、孔排列方式對自保溫砌塊熱阻大小的影響；又考慮了砌塊的結(jié)構(gòu)抗壓性能，采用有限元法模擬了砌塊在載荷10MPa下的應(yīng)力分布，分析了孔洞率、孔排列方式對砌塊抗壓強度的影響。 其次，從砌塊熱工性能和結(jié)構(gòu)性能兩個方面考慮砌塊的優(yōu)化，確定了一種兩排三孔、內(nèi)填充聚苯乙烯板的自保溫砌塊，采用防護熱箱法對其進行傳熱系數(shù)的檢測實驗，檢測其平均綜合傳熱系數(shù)為0.614W/(m2·K)，能完全滿足建筑節(jié)能50%的標準。并將實驗結(jié)果與理論計算結(jié)果進行誤差分析，證明模型的正確性。 然后，以夏熱冬冷地區(qū)住宅建筑為例，分析了自保溫墻體對室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境及墻體內(nèi)表面結(jié)露的影響。計算得出的各項指標均表明建筑自保溫墻體能為室內(nèi)創(chuàng)造良好的熱環(huán)境；冬季室內(nèi)采暖18℃時自保溫墻體內(nèi)表面溫度高于露點溫度，各材料界面飽和水蒸汽壓力高于實際水蒸氣壓力，墻體內(nèi)部不會冷凝。并對比分析了傳統(tǒng)墻體材料、外保溫墻體材料對室內(nèi)熱濕環(huán)境的影響。 最后，針對建筑自保溫墻體中外墻及柱子連接處的熱橋傳熱，，建立了三維穩(wěn)態(tài)傳熱模型，采用CFD方法模擬了熱橋部位的溫度場分布及熱流大��；并數(shù)值模擬了灰縫對墻體溫度分布的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)灰縫對墻體溫度分布影響顯著。 綜上，本文全面系統(tǒng)地進行了自保溫墻體的熱工性能、應(yīng)用性能以及熱橋的關(guān)鍵問題研究。分析掌握自保溫墻體材料存在的優(yōu)劣勢，為墻體材料熱工參數(shù)設(shè)計、防潮設(shè)計、熱橋保溫措施設(shè)計提供基礎(chǔ)研究。
[Abstract]:With the attention paid by the state to building energy saving and wall material innovation, the production and application of multi-functional composite wall materials, such as heat preservation, fire prevention and environmental protection, have been promoted by government departments, and the building wall insulation materials have been continuously developed. In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the typical insulation materials in the market at present, this paper takes the building self-insulating wall as the research object, mainly carries on the structural optimization analysis of the self-insulating block in the building self-insulating wall. The calculation and analysis of the thermal parameters of the self-insulating wall and the application performance analysis of the self-insulating wall in the hot summer and cold winter area provide the basis for the application of the self-insulating wall material in the hot summer and cold winter area and the design of the insulation material. First of all, the thermal resistance calculation model of building self-insulating block is established, and the influence of wall thickness, hole ratio and hole arrangement on the thermal resistance of self-insulating block is analyzed, and the structural compressive performance of the block is also considered. The stress distribution of block under 10 MPA load is simulated by finite element method, and the influence of porosity and pore arrangement on the compressive strength of block is analyzed. Secondly, considering the optimization of block from two aspects of thermal performance and structural performance of block, a kind of self-insulating block with two rows and three holes filled with polystyrene plate is determined, and the heat transfer coefficient of the block is tested by the method of protective heat box. The average comprehensive heat transfer coefficient is 0.614 W / (m ~ 2 K), which can fully meet the standard of building energy saving 50%. The model is proved to be correct by error analysis between the experimental results and the theoretical results. Then, taking residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter area as an example, the influence of self-insulation wall on indoor thermal environment and inner surface dew is analyzed. The calculated results show that the self-insulating wall can create a good thermal environment for the indoor, and the internal surface temperature of the self-insulating wall is higher than the dew point temperature at 18 鈩

本文編號：2129609