超級電容協(xié)同控制電梯節(jié)能方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-14 20:52
【摘要】：隨著國內(nèi)電梯行業(yè)快速發(fā)展和在用電梯數(shù)量逐年增多,電梯能耗所占總耗電量的比例也在逐年升高。但電梯作為一種頻繁啟停的位能性負載,工作于重載下行和輕載上行以及制動狀態(tài)下都會回饋能量,因此在運行過程中有很大的節(jié)能空間。目前研究的電梯節(jié)能方式有兩種,一種為電梯回饋能量回饋電網(wǎng)型,即電梯曳引機將能量回饋到變頻器直流母線側(cè),然后通過逆變器將回饋到電梯變頻器直流母線的電能逆變?yōu)楹碗娋W(wǎng)同頻率同相位的電能回饋至電網(wǎng)。另一種為超級電容儲能型,即電梯變頻器直流母線通過一個雙向DC/DC變換器和超級電容相連接,根據(jù)電梯的運行狀態(tài)控制雙向DC/DC變換器的工作狀態(tài),從而確定超級電容充電或者放電。第二種節(jié)能裝置能有效吸收與利用回饋能量,還能減少電梯啟動對電網(wǎng)造成的沖擊,因無需向電網(wǎng)側(cè)回饋能量,可避免能量回饋至電網(wǎng)造成的電能質(zhì)量問題,另外,超級電容節(jié)能裝置還可作為UPS使用,在電網(wǎng)斷電的情況下為電梯完成就近平層與應(yīng)急照明功能提供能量。分析了兩種雙向DC/DC變換器各自的優(yōu)缺點,根據(jù)變換器調(diào)壓范圍寬、降低超級電容成本的要求,選定了隔離型雙向DC/DC變換器作為本文使用的雙向DC/DC變換器。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分別分析了隔離型雙向DC/DC變換器工作在升壓和降壓兩種工作模式下,PWM軟開關(guān)的實現(xiàn)方法。根據(jù)其拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),采用小信號分析法,建立了小信號分析模型,然后給出了超級電容充放電電流內(nèi)環(huán)、變頻器直流母線電壓外環(huán)雙閉環(huán)PI控制方法,在Matlab/Simulink中建立了基于超級電容的電梯節(jié)能仿真模型,分別對電梯回饋能量和消耗能量兩種工作狀態(tài)進行仿真驗證,仿真結(jié)果表明了節(jié)能方法的可行性和有效性。最后文章給出了雙向DC/DC變換器的參數(shù)設(shè)計以及超級電容選型方法,并選擇了電梯能耗的測定方法,采用參考行程法對電梯的能耗和電梯節(jié)能對比分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of domestic elevator industry and the increase of the number of active elevators, the proportion of elevator energy consumption in the total power consumption is also increasing year by year. However, as a kind of potential energy load which frequently starts and stops, the elevator works in heavy load, light load, uplink and braking state, so it has a lot of energy saving space in the process of operation. At present, there are two kinds of energy saving methods studied, one is feedback energy to the power grid, that is, the elevator traction machine will feed back the energy to the DC bus side of the converter. Then the inverter feedback the DC bus of the elevator inverter to the power grid with the same frequency and the same phase as the power grid. The other type is super capacitor energy storage type, that is, the DC bus of elevator inverter is connected with super capacitor through a two way DC / DC converter, and the working state of two way DC / DC converter is controlled according to the running state of elevator. To determine the super capacitor charge or discharge. The second kind of energy saving device can absorb and utilize feedback energy effectively, and can reduce the impact of elevator startup on the power network, because it can avoid the power quality problem caused by energy feedback to the power grid without feedback to the power grid side. The super capacitor energy saving device can also be used as UPS to provide energy for the elevator to complete the function of near level and emergency lighting when the power grid is cut off. The advantages and disadvantages of the two bidirectional DC / DC converters are analyzed. According to the requirements of wide voltage range and low cost of super capacitors, isolated bidirectional DC / DC converters are selected as the bidirectional DC / DC converters used in this paper. On this basis, the realization methods of PWM soft switching in two modes of boost and step-down of isolated bi-directional DC / DC converters are analyzed respectively. According to its topology, the small-signal analysis model is established by using small-signal analysis method, and then the double closed loop Pi control method of supercapacitor charging and discharging current inner loop and inverter DC bus voltage outer loop is given. The simulation model of elevator energy saving based on super capacitor is established in Matlab / Simulink. The simulation results show that the energy saving method is feasible and effective. At last, the parameter design and super capacitor selection method of bi-directional DC / DC converter are given, and the measurement method of elevator energy consumption is selected, and the energy consumption of elevator and elevator energy saving are compared and analyzed by reference stroke method.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU857;TM53
本文編號：2122913
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of domestic elevator industry and the increase of the number of active elevators, the proportion of elevator energy consumption in the total power consumption is also increasing year by year. However, as a kind of potential energy load which frequently starts and stops, the elevator works in heavy load, light load, uplink and braking state, so it has a lot of energy saving space in the process of operation. At present, there are two kinds of energy saving methods studied, one is feedback energy to the power grid, that is, the elevator traction machine will feed back the energy to the DC bus side of the converter. Then the inverter feedback the DC bus of the elevator inverter to the power grid with the same frequency and the same phase as the power grid. The other type is super capacitor energy storage type, that is, the DC bus of elevator inverter is connected with super capacitor through a two way DC / DC converter, and the working state of two way DC / DC converter is controlled according to the running state of elevator. To determine the super capacitor charge or discharge. The second kind of energy saving device can absorb and utilize feedback energy effectively, and can reduce the impact of elevator startup on the power network, because it can avoid the power quality problem caused by energy feedback to the power grid without feedback to the power grid side. The super capacitor energy saving device can also be used as UPS to provide energy for the elevator to complete the function of near level and emergency lighting when the power grid is cut off. The advantages and disadvantages of the two bidirectional DC / DC converters are analyzed. According to the requirements of wide voltage range and low cost of super capacitors, isolated bidirectional DC / DC converters are selected as the bidirectional DC / DC converters used in this paper. On this basis, the realization methods of PWM soft switching in two modes of boost and step-down of isolated bi-directional DC / DC converters are analyzed respectively. According to its topology, the small-signal analysis model is established by using small-signal analysis method, and then the double closed loop Pi control method of supercapacitor charging and discharging current inner loop and inverter DC bus voltage outer loop is given. The simulation model of elevator energy saving based on super capacitor is established in Matlab / Simulink. The simulation results show that the energy saving method is feasible and effective. At last, the parameter design and super capacitor selection method of bi-directional DC / DC converter are given, and the measurement method of elevator energy consumption is selected, and the energy consumption of elevator and elevator energy saving are compared and analyzed by reference stroke method.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU857;TM53
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