本文選題：臭氧-活性炭 + 微污染��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：山西地區(qū)引黃水庫水因受上游工礦企業(yè)的污染和水文氣候條件的影響，水體呈微污染現(xiàn)狀，同時還存在石油類和酚類物質(zhì)季節(jié)性超標(biāo)的風(fēng)險，水廠現(xiàn)有工藝難以保證出水水質(zhì)要求。本文針對性的開展了活性炭優(yōu)選實(shí)驗(yàn)、活性炭濾池運(yùn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化、臭氧氧化工藝運(yùn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化以及臭氧-活性炭工藝對特殊污染物去除效能研究。 通過分析比較1#炭、2#炭、3#炭及4#炭的碘值、亞甲基藍(lán)值、吸附速度、吸附容量以及等溫吸附曲線，初步優(yōu)選出活性炭順序?yàn)椋?#炭2#炭4#炭1#炭。中試實(shí)驗(yàn)中考察了四種活性炭濾池對UV254、、CODMn以及氨氮的去除效能，研究結(jié)果表明：3#炭處理效果最佳，2#炭次之，1#炭最差。 炭濾池運(yùn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)炭床停留時間小于15min時，炭濾池對污染物的去除率隨炭床停留時間的延長而不斷增加，當(dāng)炭床停留時間大于15min時，炭濾池對污染物的去除效果趨于穩(wěn)定；炭濾池對UV254、CODMn以及氨氮的去除率隨炭床厚度的增加而先增加后趨于穩(wěn)定，對應(yīng)炭層的最小厚度分別為90cm、70cm、90cm；過濾初期出水中污染物濃度較高，隨著過濾時間的延長，出水中污染物濃度先降低后趨于穩(wěn)定，初濾水處理時間不宜低于30min；炭濾池過濾周期不宜超過7-8天；單獨(dú)高速水流反沖洗時，反沖洗方案四效果最佳，氣-水聯(lián)合反沖洗時，方案四和方案五反沖效果最佳，且氣-水反沖洗效果優(yōu)于單獨(dú)水流反沖洗。 臭氧氧化工藝運(yùn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：兩級臭氧投加方式優(yōu)于單級臭氧投加方式，最優(yōu)投加比例為1:1，且在最佳投加方式和投加比例下，臭氧-活性炭工藝去除水中的顆粒物、UV254、CODMn以及氨氮的最佳臭氧投加量分別為2.0-2.5mg/L、2.0mg/L、2.0mg/L、2.0-2.5mg/L，出水中的顆粒物、UV254、CODMn以及氨氮濃度可有效控制在100CNT/ml以下、0.0069cm-1、0.81mg/L、0.031mg/L。 臭氧-活性炭工藝對特殊污染物去除實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：合理地優(yōu)化臭氧氧化工藝，可有效地控制炭濾池出水中的溴酸鹽及甲醛在5.2ug/L和20ug/L（儀器檢出限）以下。臭氧-活性炭工藝能夠較好地控制消毒副產(chǎn)物的生成，對三氯甲烷消毒副產(chǎn)物前體物（THMFP）和鹵乙酸消毒副產(chǎn)物前體物（HAAFP）去除率分別為30.58%、58.95%。經(jīng)臭氧氧化后臭氧接觸塔出水中的可生物同化有機(jī)碳（AOC）濃度大幅升高，經(jīng)活性炭濾池處理后出水中AOC濃度為31.36ug/L，，去除率為63.25%。當(dāng)原水中CODMn或氨氮濃度較高時，分別調(diào)整臭氧投加量為2.3mg/L、2.5mg/L，其最佳去除率分別為69.13%、91.67%。當(dāng)原水中石油類物質(zhì)或苯酚超標(biāo)時，調(diào)整臭氧投加量為3.0mg/L，出水中石油類物質(zhì)和苯酚的濃度有效地控制在0.05mg/L以下、0.002mg/L以下，滿足生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Due to the pollution of upstream industry and mining enterprises and the influence of hydrological and climatic conditions, the water of the Yellow River diversion Reservoir in Shanxi Province is slightly polluted. At the same time, there is the risk that petroleum and phenolic substances will exceed the standard seasonally. The existing process of water plant is difficult to ensure the quality of effluent. In this paper, the optimal selection experiment of activated carbon, the optimization of operating parameters of activated carbon filter, the optimization of operating parameters of ozone oxidation process and the removal efficiency of special pollutants by ozonic-activated carbon process were studied. By analyzing and comparing the iodine value, methylene blue value, adsorption rate, adsorption capacity and isothermal adsorption curve of 1# / 2# carbon, the order of activated carbon was chosen as: the order of the activated carbon was: 1929 carbon-# 1# carbon. The results show that the order of the activated carbon is: the ratio of iodine value, methylene blue value, adsorption rate, adsorption capacity and isothermal adsorption curve. The removal efficiency of four kinds of activated carbon filters on COD mn and ammonia nitrogen of UV254 was investigated in the pilot experiment. The results showed that the best treatment effect of the carbon was at 1: 2#, followed by the # carbon. The experimental results show that when the residence time of carbon bed is less than 15min, the removal rate of pollutants increases with the increase of residence time of carbon bed, and when the residence time of carbon bed is larger than 15min, the removal rate of pollutants increases with the increase of retention time of carbon filter. The removal rate of UV254CODMn and ammonia nitrogen increased firstly and then stabilized with the increase of carbon bed thickness, the minimum thickness of carbon layer was 90 cm ~ (70) cm ~ (-1) ~ 90 cm respectively. With the prolongation of filtration time, the concentration of pollutants in the effluent decreases first and then tends to be stable, and the initial treatment time is not less than 30 min; the filtration period of carbon filter should not exceed 7-8 days; In the case of air-water combined backwashing, the backwash effect of scheme four and five is the best, and the air-water backwashing effect is better than that of single flow backwash. The experimental results of operating parameters optimization of ozone oxidation process show that the two-stage ozone addition mode is superior to the single-stage ozone adding mode, and the optimal ratio of ozone addition is 1: 1, and under the optimum addition mode and proportion, The optimal ozone dosages of UV254CODMn and NH3-N were 2.0-2.5mg / L 2.0 mg / L 2.0-2.5mg / L respectively, UV254CODMn and NH3-N concentration could be effectively controlled under 100CNT / ml 0.0069 cm ~ (-1) ~ 0.81 mg / L ~ (-1) mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) ~ (-1) mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The experimental results of removing special pollutants by ozone activated carbon process show that by optimizing ozone oxidation process reasonably, bromate and formaldehyde in the effluent of carbon filter can be effectively controlled below 5.2ugr / L and 20ugr / L (instrument detection limit). The ozonic-activated carbon process can control the generation of disinfection by-products. The removal rates of THMFP and HAAFP were 30.58 and 58.95, respectively. After ozonation, the concentration of bioassimilable organic carbon (AOC) in the effluent of the ozone contact column increased significantly. After treatment with activated carbon filter, the concentration of AOC in the effluent was 31.36ugr / L, and the removal rate was 63.25g / L. When the concentration of CODMn or ammonia nitrogen in raw water is high, the ozone dosage is adjusted to 2.3 mg / L and 2.5 mg / L respectively, and the optimum removal rate is 69.13 and 91.67 respectively. When the petroleum or phenol in raw water exceeds the standard, the ozone dosage is adjusted to 3.0 mg / L, and the concentration of petroleum and phenol in the effluent is effectively controlled below 0.05 mg / L or less than 0.002 mg / L, which meets the sanitary standard of drinking water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU991.2

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