本文選題：中央空調(diào) + 模糊控制　； 參考：《青島理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展，能源的消耗量日趨增大，這不僅帶來了能源的危機,而且使環(huán)境問題日趨嚴(yán)重，因此節(jié)能減排，低碳環(huán)保勢在必行。在所有能耗形式中，建筑設(shè)備能耗是最主要的能量消耗的形式之一，其中供熱采暖和空調(diào)制冷占建筑總能耗比例達到60%-70%，為此建筑節(jié)能應(yīng)首先考慮采取空調(diào)節(jié)能的自動化控制手段。通常，，中央空調(diào)的能耗一般包括空調(diào)機組末端設(shè)備的耗電量、冷凍水冷卻水水泵能耗、空氣送風(fēng)排風(fēng)輸送系統(tǒng)與機耗電量和空調(diào)冷熱源的能耗等幾大部分，涉及部件多，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。此外，中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)多回路耦合、多變量非線性、大滯后時變性特點明顯，這些特征也增加了控制難度。近年來隨著綠色節(jié)能建筑的推中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能控制技術(shù)的研究有逐漸為人們所重視。 目前中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)采用的調(diào)節(jié)方式主要是以最簡單的開關(guān)機組、泵和風(fēng)機的控制方法，這種控制模式結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，但是能耗最大。較高級一點的采用了PID調(diào)節(jié)，而PID調(diào)節(jié)性能的優(yōu)劣主要依靠比例微分或者積分參數(shù)的整定，由于中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)時間常數(shù)較大，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，因此PID控制參數(shù)現(xiàn)場確定難度較大，而通過經(jīng)驗人工設(shè)定往往又受到很大的局限性。因此，將現(xiàn)代控制理論中的模糊控制與經(jīng)典控制方法PID控制相融合，實現(xiàn)PID參數(shù)在線模糊自整定的控制方法，對于提高中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)的控制精度、魯棒特性和可靠性等具有相當(dāng)?shù)默F(xiàn)實意義和實用價值，節(jié)能經(jīng)濟效益可觀。 本研究首先綜合分析中央空調(diào)冷凍水冷卻水系統(tǒng)的運行原理與結(jié)構(gòu)特點，通過對其常年運行的能耗分析和在中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中控制現(xiàn)狀的分析，結(jié)合經(jīng)驗控制方法，確定出模糊PID控制方案，并設(shè)計出相應(yīng)的模糊控制器。為了驗證其效果，運用MATLAB軟件對控制器的運行工況進行了仿真模擬和性能計算研究，并與常規(guī)PID控制特性在穩(wěn)定性可靠性和能耗等方面進行分析對比，證明所設(shè)計系統(tǒng)的合理性。研究最后結(jié)合某綜合性娛樂購物中心采用該模糊PID控制器的運行分析，進一步驗證了系統(tǒng)的可靠性和控制的準(zhǔn)確性，確定了該控制器可用于實現(xiàn)中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)高效運行和節(jié)能降耗的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of domestic economy, the consumption of energy is increasing day by day, which not only brings the crisis of energy, but also makes the environmental problems become more and more serious. Therefore, energy saving and emission reduction, low-carbon environmental protection is imperative. Of all the energy consumption forms, building equipment energy consumption is one of the most important forms of energy consumption. The proportion of heating and air conditioning to total building energy consumption is 60 to 70. For this reason, the automatic control measures of air conditioning energy saving should be considered first. Generally speaking, the energy consumption of central air conditioning includes the power consumption of the equipment at the end of the air conditioning unit, the energy consumption of the cooling water pump of the chilled water, the energy consumption of the air supply and exhaust air conveying system and the energy consumption of the cooling and heat sources of the air conditioning, and so on. The structure is complex. In addition, the characteristics of multi-loop coupling, multivariable nonlinearity and large time-varying delay in central air conditioning system also increase the difficulty of control. In recent years, with the development of green energy-saving buildings, the research of energy-saving control technology of central air-conditioning system has been paid more and more attention. At present, the control mode of central air conditioning water system is mainly based on the simplest control method of switchgear, pump and fan. The control mode is simple, but the energy consumption is the greatest. Pid regulation is adopted at a higher level, and the performance of pid regulation mainly depends on proportional differential or integral parameter setting. Because of the large time constant and complex structure of central air conditioning water system, it is difficult to determine pid control parameters in the field. But through the experience manual setting often receives the very big limitation. Therefore, the fuzzy control in modern control theory and the classical pid control method are combined to realize the on-line fuzzy self-tuning pid parameters control method, which can improve the control accuracy of central air conditioning water system. The robustness and reliability are of practical significance and practical value, and the economic benefits of energy conservation are considerable. In this study, the operation principle and structure characteristics of the central air-conditioning chilled water cooling water system are analyzed synthetically at first. Through the energy consumption analysis of its perennial operation and the analysis of the control status in the central air conditioning system, the experience control method is combined. The fuzzy pid control scheme is determined and the corresponding fuzzy controller is designed. In order to verify its effect, MATLAB software is used to simulate and calculate the operating conditions of the controller, and the stability, reliability and energy consumption of the controller are analyzed and compared with the conventional pid control characteristics. The rationality of the designed system is proved. Finally, the fuzzy pid controller is applied to a comprehensive entertainment shopping center, which further verifies the reliability of the system and the accuracy of the control. It is determined that the controller can be used to achieve the goal of efficient operation and energy saving and consumption reduction of central air conditioning water system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU831

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