本文選題：消毒副產(chǎn)物 + 三氯乙醛　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：三氯乙醛(CH)是除三鹵甲烷和鹵乙酸以外的具有遺傳毒性和致畸性的第三大類消毒副產(chǎn)物(DBPs)。南方地區(qū)常年高溫多雨、水體中藻類爆發(fā)頻繁,CH容易產(chǎn)生超標(biāo)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),但目前水廠實(shí)踐和文獻(xiàn)中,都缺乏控制CH經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的方法。本課題通過(guò)研究不同水廠工藝過(guò)程中不同極性有機(jī)物的CH生成和去除情況,為CH控制方案的形成提供指導(dǎo),并針對(duì)南方地區(qū)的不同水源和工藝特點(diǎn),采用強(qiáng)化混凝、炭砂濾池來(lái)控制CH。常規(guī)工藝和臭氧活性炭工藝(O3/BAC)中不同極性有機(jī)物的CH生成與去除研究表明:混凝沉淀、BAC工藝對(duì)CH及其前體物去除率最高,而砂濾工藝對(duì)其去除率較低。原水中以親水性有機(jī)物為主,其次為強(qiáng)疏水性有機(jī)物和弱疏水性有機(jī)物�；炷恋碇饕コ氖窃孱�、顆粒性有機(jī)物和大分子疏水性有機(jī)物,BAC主要去除的是親水性有機(jī)物。常規(guī)工藝中CH超標(biāo)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高,提高常規(guī)工藝對(duì)CH控制效果的最經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效的方法是:強(qiáng)化混凝沉淀工藝、提高砂濾池的去除效果。改變混凝條件研究表明:p H為6.0~7.0時(shí),新絮凝劑對(duì)CH前體物的去除效果明顯好于聚合氯化鋁(PAC);p H為7.0~8.5時(shí),PAC的去除效果更好;兩種絮凝劑在p H為7.0時(shí),CH的生成量都最低。低投加量時(shí)(2~6 mg/L),新絮凝劑對(duì)CHFP去除效果好于PAC;在6 mg/L最佳投量下,PAC和新絮凝劑對(duì)CHFP的去除率分別為63.20%和69.60%;在高投量時(shí)(6~10 mg/L),PAC的處理效果較好。投加PAM對(duì)CH前體物去除效果好于HCA。吸附聯(lián)合混凝研究表明:粉炭適用于單獨(dú)吸附或與混凝聯(lián)合去除CH前體物,最適投量為30 mg/L,粉炭單獨(dú)吸附對(duì)1天的CH生成量(CH1d)和CHFP的去除率分別為57.49%和75.21%;與單純混凝相比,粉炭聯(lián)合混凝對(duì)CH1d和CHFP去除率分別提高了14.26%和18.49%。粉炭、膨潤(rùn)土對(duì)CH吸附效果較好。預(yù)氧化聯(lián)合混凝研究表明:KMn O4、Cl O2、H2O2和超聲聯(lián)合混凝對(duì)CH前體物去除效果最好,KMn O4、Cl O2和H2O2最適投量分別為0.4 mg/L、0.5 mg/L和3.0 mg/L,超聲最適參數(shù)為70 W,40 KHz,15 s。與單純混凝相比,增加KMn O4、Cl O2、H2O2、超聲對(duì)CH1d和CHFP的去除率分別提高了9.67%和2.36%、12.18%和2.15%、6.37%和5.89%、4.34%和5.84%。Cl2、O3、O3/H2O2聯(lián)合混凝可增大CH的生成量,且O3/H2O2比O3的CH生成量更高。炭砂濾柱對(duì)于CH及其前體物的去除研究表明:濾柱對(duì)CH及其前體物有很好的去除效果,出水中CH都小于1.00μg/L,CHFP均值為15.20μg/L。炭砂濾柱對(duì)CH和CH前體物平均去除率為99.11%和41.38%。炭和砂最適厚度分別為1.0 m和0.4 m,相應(yīng)的CH前體物去除率為42.37%。曝氣炭砂濾柱最適氣水比為0.14,對(duì)CH前體物的去除率可提高4.80%。濾柱最適濾速為8 m/h,相應(yīng)的CH前體物去除率為44.63%。
[Abstract]:Trichloroacetaldehyde (Ch) is the third class of disinfection by-products with genetic toxicity and teratogenicity besides trihalomethane and haloacetic acid. In the south of China, the algae burst frequently in southern China is prone to exceed the standard. However, there is a lack of economic and efficient methods to control Ch in the practice and literature of water plants. By studying the formation and removal of organic matter with different polarity in the process of different water plants, this subject provides guidance for the formation of Ch control scheme, and uses enhanced coagulation in view of different water sources and process characteristics in southern China. Carbon sand filter to control CH. Ch formation and removal of organic matter with different polarity in conventional process and ozone activated carbon process (O3 / BAC) showed that the removal rate of Ch and its precursors was the highest by coagulation precipitation and BAC process, but the removal rate by sand filtration process was lower. Hydrophilic organic compounds were dominant in raw water, followed by strong hydrophobic organic compounds and weak hydrophobic organic compounds. Coagulant precipitation mainly removes algae, granular organic matter and macromolecular hydrophobic organic substance BAC mainly remove hydrophilic organic matter. The risk of Ch exceeding the standard is high in the conventional process. The most economical way to improve the control effect of Ch by conventional process is to strengthen coagulation sedimentation process and improve the removal efficiency of sand filter. The results show that the removal efficiency of Ch precursor by new flocculant is better than that of PAC when pH = 7.0, and the yield of Ch is the lowest when pH is 7.0 and the removal efficiency of PAC is better than that of PAC when pH is 7.00.The results show that the effect of new flocculant on removal of Ch precursor is better than that of PAC when pH is 7.0.The results show that the new flocculant has better removal effect on Ch precursor. When the dosage was low, the removal rate of CHFP was 63.20% and 69.60% under the best dosage of 6 mg/L, respectively, and the treatment effect of the new flocculant was better than that of PAC.The new flocculant had a better effect on the removal of CHFP at a high dosage of 6mg 路L ~ (-1) and 10 mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The removal effect of Ch precursor by adding PAM is better than that of HCA. The results of adsorption and coagulation study showed that the removal rate of Ch precursor was 57.49% and 75.21%, respectively, and the optimum dosage was 30 mg / L, and the removal rate of Ch 1 d and CHFP were 57.49% and 75.21%, respectively, compared with pure coagulation, and the optimum dosage of carbon was 30 mg / L, and the removal rates of Ch 1 d and CHFP were 57.49% and 75.21%, respectively. The removal rates of CH1d and CHFP were increased by 14.26% and 18.49%, respectively. Carbon and bentonite have better adsorption effect on Ch. The results of pre-oxidation combined coagulation study showed that the best removal effect of Ch precursors by H _ 2O _ 2 and ultrasonic coagulation was 0.4 mg / L 0.5 mg/L and 3.0 mg 路L ~ (-1) for KMnO _ 4 O _ 4O _ 2 and H2O2, respectively, and the optimum ultrasonic parameters were 70 W ~ (40) KHz ~ (15) s. Compared with pure coagulation, the removal rate of CH1d and CHFP by ultrasound was increased by 9.67% and 2.360.18% and 2.15%, 6.37% and 5.894.34%, 5.84% and 5.84% respectively. The removal rate of CH1d and CHFP by ultrasound was increased by 9.67% and 2.36%, respectively, and the amount of Ch produced by O3/H2O2 was higher than that of O3. The removal of Ch and its precursors by carbon sand filter column showed that the removal efficiency of Ch and its precursors was very good. The average CHFP of Ch in effluent was less than 1.00 渭 g / L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) 渭 g 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The average removal rates of Ch and Ch precursors by carbon sand filter column were 99.11% and 41.38% respectively. The optimum thickness of carbon and sand is 1.0 m and 0.4 m respectively, and the removal rate of Ch precursor is 42.37 m. The optimum air-water ratio of aerated carbon sand filter column is 0.14, and the removal rate of Ch precursor can be increased by 4.80%. The optimum filtration rate was 8 m / h and the removal rate of Ch precursor was 44.63%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張倩;楊曉波;周達(dá)誠(chéng);;加氯消毒過(guò)程中純細(xì)菌物質(zhì)生成消毒副產(chǎn)物研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2010年02期

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本文編號(hào)：1986064