本文選題：高速電梯 + 提升系統(tǒng)　； 參考：《上海交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：電梯作為高層建筑垂直運(yùn)輸?shù)慕煌üぞ撸谌粘Ｉ钪械淖饔迷絹?lái)越不可忽視，平穩(wěn)安全無(wú)疑是人們對(duì)其性能的基本要求。然而，由于設(shè)計(jì)、制造以及安裝等方面的缺陷，電梯在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中，不可避免地會(huì)產(chǎn)生各種各樣的振動(dòng)現(xiàn)象，其中很大一部分與電梯的提升系統(tǒng)有關(guān)。另外，隨著電梯運(yùn)行速度和提升高度的增加，提升系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行時(shí)對(duì)外界干擾更加敏感，異常的振動(dòng)更容易發(fā)生，其后果會(huì)加劇鋼絲繩的磨損和疲勞，縮短鋼絲繩的使用壽命，，同時(shí)，轎廂內(nèi)可能產(chǎn)生噪聲，其結(jié)果會(huì)使轎廂內(nèi)的乘客感到不適，影響電梯的使用壽命以及乘坐舒適性。加之，隨著城市化進(jìn)程的快速發(fā)展，人們對(duì)電梯提升系統(tǒng)的安全性和舒適性提出了更高的需求。而要解決這種矛盾，就需要對(duì)電梯提升系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中所表現(xiàn)出的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為進(jìn)行深入而詳細(xì)的了解，以掌握其特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，同時(shí)采取可行的控制策略對(duì)其振動(dòng)進(jìn)行控制。本文采用理論、分析與實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的研究方法，系統(tǒng)研究了電梯提升系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性，并設(shè)計(jì)了振動(dòng)控制器，為電梯提升系統(tǒng)的安全可靠運(yùn)行提供了理論與技術(shù)支持。 本文首先基于多體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論，考慮變形產(chǎn)生的幾何非線性因素對(duì)提升系統(tǒng)的影響，應(yīng)用廣義Hamliton原理建立了提升系統(tǒng)縱向-橫向-側(cè)向空間耦合自由振動(dòng)模型。同時(shí)，考慮提升系統(tǒng)頂端橫向外界激勵(lì)，建立了提升系統(tǒng)受迫振動(dòng)理論模型，給出了其數(shù)學(xué)模型的詳細(xì)數(shù)值求解方法，并采用自行設(shè)計(jì)的提升系統(tǒng)測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)，驗(yàn)證了數(shù)學(xué)模型的正確性。 其次基于提升系統(tǒng)縱向-橫向耦合振動(dòng)模型，從三個(gè)方面分析了提升系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)振動(dòng)特性，一方面建立了電梯運(yùn)行時(shí)提升系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)能量表達(dá)式，基于該能量方程，應(yīng)用Lyapunov第二法關(guān)于穩(wěn)定性的理論，分析了提升系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中的瞬態(tài)穩(wěn)定性特性；一方面推導(dǎo)出了提升系統(tǒng)的固有頻率計(jì)算公式，并對(duì)提升系統(tǒng)的固有頻率特性進(jìn)行了分析；一方面從電梯結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和運(yùn)行狀態(tài)參數(shù)分析研究了影響提升系統(tǒng)參數(shù)振動(dòng)特性的效果及其因素。 為了掌握高速電梯提升系統(tǒng)在外界激勵(lì)作用下的振動(dòng)特性，基于電梯提升系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)模型，以高速電梯提升系統(tǒng)為例，從導(dǎo)軌不平順激勵(lì)、曳引系統(tǒng)橫向激勵(lì)以及參數(shù)激勵(lì)三個(gè)方面對(duì)提升系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了深入分析，結(jié)果表明：提升系統(tǒng)的外界激勵(lì)源主要來(lái)自于導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)和曳引系統(tǒng)等因素，且這些因素對(duì)提升系統(tǒng)的橫向振動(dòng)影響較大；提升系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)典型的參變系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)參數(shù)有小的簡(jiǎn)諧干擾時(shí)，提升系統(tǒng)會(huì)發(fā)生參數(shù)共振現(xiàn)象，參數(shù)共振對(duì)提升系統(tǒng)的縱向振動(dòng)影響較大。 為了抑制高速電梯提升系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)，提出了增加張緊鋼絲繩裝置的被動(dòng)控制方法以及以耗散提升系統(tǒng)能量為目的的主動(dòng)控制方法來(lái)抑制提升系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)。并結(jié)合算例對(duì)兩種控制方法的效果進(jìn)行了數(shù)值仿真分析，結(jié)果表明兩種方法均能達(dá)到抑制提升系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)的目的。 最后建立了電梯轎廂-轎廂架-導(dǎo)軌耦合系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，該模型可以較好地模擬導(dǎo)靴與導(dǎo)軌之間的接觸和脫離關(guān)系，從而為電梯轎廂系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性的深入研究提供了一個(gè)較全面的數(shù)學(xué)模型基礎(chǔ)。 本文的研究成果為電梯舒適性和安全性的相關(guān)研究提供了重要的理論基礎(chǔ)，也為高速電梯提升系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為以及振動(dòng)控制的深入分析提供了途徑和方法。
[Abstract]:As a vehicle for vertical transportation in high buildings, the function of elevator is more and more unnegligible in the daily life. It is undoubtedly the basic requirement of people's performance. However, because of the defects in design, manufacturing and installation, all kinds of vibration phenomena can not be avoided in the process of operation. The larger part is related to the lifting system of the elevator. In addition, with the increase of the elevator running speed and elevating height, the lifting system is more sensitive to the external disturbance during operation, and the abnormal vibration is easier to occur. The consequence will aggravate the wear and fatigue of the wire rope, shorten the service life of the wire rope, and at the same time, it may produce noise in the car. The results will make the passengers feel discomfort in the car, affect the lifespan and ride comfort of the elevator. In addition, with the rapid development of the urbanization process, people have put forward higher demand for the safety and comfort of elevator hoisting system. To solve this contradiction, the elevator lifting system needs to be shown in the process of operation. A thorough and detailed understanding of the dynamic behavior is carried out in order to grasp its characteristics and laws. At the same time, the vibration is controlled by a feasible control strategy. In this paper, the theory, analysis and experiment are used to study the dynamic characteristics of elevator hoisting system, and a vibration controller is designed for elevator hoisting system. All reliable operation provides theoretical and technical support.
In this paper, based on the multibody dynamics theory, considering the influence of the geometric nonlinear factors produced by deformation to the lifting system, the longitudinal lateral lateral spatial coupling free vibration model of the lifting system is established by using the generalized Hamliton principle. At the same time, the theoretical model of forced vibration of the lifting system is established considering the lateral external excitation at the top of the lifting system. In this paper, a detailed numerical solution method for its mathematical model is given, and a self-designed lifting system test bench is used to verify the correctness of the mathematical model.
Secondly, based on the longitudinal and lateral coupling vibration model of the lifting system, the vibration characteristics of the lifting system are analyzed from three aspects. On the one hand, the expression of the vibration energy of the lifting system is established. Based on the energy equation, the theory of the Lyapunov second method is applied to the stability, and the transients of the lifting system in the operation process are analyzed. On the one hand, the formula of the natural frequency of the lifting system is derived, and the inherent frequency characteristics of the lifting system are analyzed. On the one hand, the effect and the factors affecting the vibration characteristics of the lifting system are studied from the analysis of the structural parameters and the operating state parameters of the elevator.
In order to grasp the vibration characteristics of the high speed elevator hoisting system under the external excitation, based on the elevator lifting system vibration model, taking the high speed elevator hoisting system as an example, the vibration characteristics of the lifting system are analyzed from three aspects of the guide rail unevenness excitation, the lateral excitation of the traction system and the parameter excitation. The results show that the lifting system is promoted. The external excitation source of the system mainly comes from the guidance system and the traction system and other factors, and these factors have great influence on the lateral vibration of the lifting system. The lifting system is a typical parametric system. When the operating state parameters have small harmonic interference, the lifting system will have the parameter resonance phenomenon, and the parameter resonance will be the longitudinal vibration of the lifting system. It has a great influence on the vibration.
In order to suppress the vibration of the high speed elevator hoisting system, the passive control method of increasing the tension wire rope device and the active control method with the purpose of dissipating the energy of the lifting system are put forward to suppress the vibration of the lifting system. The results of the two control methods are simulated and analyzed with a numerical example, and the results show that the two methods are all It can achieve the purpose of restraining the vibration of the system.
Finally, the dynamic model of the elevator sedan car frame rail coupling system is established. The model can well simulate the contact and disengagement relationship between the guide boots and the guide rail, thus providing a more comprehensive mathematical model foundation for the in-depth study of the dynamic characteristics of the elevator car system.
The research results of this paper provide an important theoretical basis for the study of elevator comfort and safety, and provide a way and method for the dynamic behavior of the high speed elevator hoisting system and the deep analysis of vibration control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU976.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 段穎,申功p

本文編號(hào)：1939497