本文選題：微觀特征 + 抗壓強(qiáng)度　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度(UCS)是完整巖石的最重要參數(shù)之一,它通常用于地面和地下各種工程設(shè)計中。但是,有時由于巖石各向異性以及巖石結(jié)構(gòu)和構(gòu)造的復(fù)雜性,很難測得理想的數(shù)據(jù)。因此,采用經(jīng)驗方法來估計巖石的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度參數(shù)具有一定的實用性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性�；诖�,本研究的目的是吸引工程地質(zhì)學(xué)者采用較穩(wěn)定的巖石微觀巖相特征預(yù)測完整巖石的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度,研究成果在當(dāng)前相關(guān)領(lǐng)域具有創(chuàng)新性。當(dāng)巖石存在較明顯的變形時,巖石的微觀特征對于巖石的破壞形式的非常重要的影響,盡管,有時候在對巖石特性的初步分析時經(jīng)常忽略這些內(nèi)容。本課題采用人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(ANNS)和模糊系統(tǒng)(FIS)以及多變量回歸(MR)方法研究了角巖的各向異性以及微觀特征與單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度(UCS)的關(guān)系。斜長角巖取自四川省理縣老君溝區(qū)域的巖石邊坡,所取巖石具有典型的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造,其力學(xué)特性分析對本區(qū)域巖石工程設(shè)計具有重要意義。在對巖相特征的定量分析和巖石強(qiáng)度參數(shù)測試的基礎(chǔ)上,采用SPSS V.19.0對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了全面的統(tǒng)計分析,結(jié)果表明礦物晶粒大小、形狀、石英含量是影響單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度(UCS)的主要因素。相對于早先得到的巖石構(gòu)造對巖石單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度(UCS)影響的模型,本研究選取了相對較少的因素,但是這些已經(jīng)足夠構(gòu)建估算此類巖石型的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度(UCS)。為了評估模型的實用性,選取相關(guān)系數(shù)(R),方差(VAF)均方根(RMSE)三個指標(biāo)對模型進(jìn)行對比分析,結(jié)果表明雖然三個模型都可以可靠的預(yù)測巖石的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度(UCS),但ANN模型表現(xiàn)最優(yōu)。因此,在缺乏相關(guān)地質(zhì)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,采用巖石的微觀特征可以得到較滿意的巖石的強(qiáng)度和變形參數(shù)。但,ANNs模型與其它兩個模型相比,其最主要的問題是在輸入輸出數(shù)據(jù)之間關(guān)系的不透明性。此外,本次研究了巖石面理方位對巖石強(qiáng)度和變形的影響,這些因素對當(dāng)?shù)毓こ淘O(shè)計具有重要意義。為了測試面理方位對巖石強(qiáng)度和變形的影響,根據(jù)面理角度(β=0°,30°,60°和90°)進(jìn)行取樣,實驗數(shù)據(jù)表明不同面理方位對巖石參數(shù)影響顯著。平行面理的縱波和剪切波波速明顯大于其他方向的測試值。巖石強(qiáng)度的各向異性比值系數(shù)在0.96-1.47之間波動,并不呈現(xiàn)明顯的線性特征。而且,而彈性變形試驗表明,彈性變形性能與角巖的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、各向異性特征沒有關(guān)系。不過,巖石的楊氏模量與巖石層理的方向β的關(guān)系具有“U型”和“遞減型”關(guān)系。因此,建議進(jìn)一步研究此類巖性的各向異性特征。
[Abstract]:Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is one of the most important parameters of intact rock, which is usually used in surface and underground engineering design. However, it is sometimes difficult to obtain ideal data due to rock anisotropy and the complexity of rock structure and structure. Therefore, it is practical and economical to estimate uniaxial compressive strength parameters by empirical method. Based on this, the purpose of this study is to attract engineering geologists to predict the uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock by using relatively stable microfacies characteristics of rock. The research results are innovative in relevant fields at present. When the rock has obvious deformation, the microcosmic characteristics of the rock have a very important influence on the failure form of the rock, although sometimes these contents are often ignored in the preliminary analysis of the rock characteristics. In this paper, artificial neural network (Ann), fuzzy system (fish) and multivariate regression (MRM) methods are used to study the relationship between the anisotropy and microscopic characteristics of kernels and uniaxial compressive strength (UCSs). The diagonal rock is taken from the rock slope of Laojungou area, Lixian County, Sichuan Province. The rock obtained is of typical structural structure, and the analysis of its mechanical properties is of great significance to the rock engineering design in this region. On the basis of quantitative analysis of lithofacies characteristics and measurement of rock strength parameters, SPSS V.19.0 is used to make a comprehensive statistical analysis of the data. The results show that the size, shape and quartz content of mineral grains are the main factors affecting uniaxial compressive strength. Compared with the previous models of the influence of rock structure on uniaxial compressive strength (UCSs) of rock, relatively few factors are selected in this study, but these are enough to construct UCSs to estimate the uniaxial compressive strength of these rock types. In order to evaluate the practicability of the model, the correlation coefficient (R) and the mean square root (RMSE) are selected to compare and analyze the model. The results show that although all the three models can reliably predict the uniaxial compressive strength of rock, the ANN model is the best. Therefore, based on the lack of relevant geological data, satisfactory rock strength and deformation parameters can be obtained by using the microscopic characteristics of rocks. However, compared with the other two models, the main problem of ANNs model is the opacity of the relationship between input and output data. In addition, the influence of rock face azimuth on rock strength and deformation is studied, which is of great significance to local engineering design. In order to test the effect of face orientation on rock strength and deformation, samples were taken according to the plane angle (尾 0 擄~ 30 擄~ 60 擄and 90 擄). The experimental data show that different plane azimuth has a significant effect on rock parameters. The velocities of longitudinal and shear waves in parallel plane are obviously higher than those in other directions. The anisotropic ratio coefficient of rock strength fluctuates between 0.96-1.47 and does not show obvious linear characteristics. Moreover, the elastic deformation test shows that the elastic deformation performance is not related to the microstructure and anisotropy of the kernels. However, the relationship between the Young's modulus of rock and the direction 尾 of lithology has the relation of "U type" and "decreasing type". Therefore, it is suggested to further study the anisotropic characteristics of such lithology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU45

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