本文選題：德國(guó) + 建筑更新��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今全球的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展都伴隨著巨大的能源消耗,能源問題逐步上升為全世界的共同問題。世界范圍內(nèi)的能源危機(jī)以及以中國(guó)為首的發(fā)展中國(guó)家的能源需求與供給形成了極大的矛盾,使得節(jié)約能源得到了空前的重視。建筑屬于“耗能大戶”,在全球的能源消耗中,建筑的耗能量高達(dá)30%-40%,這使得解決建筑能源問題成了能源消耗過快、能源短缺等問題的首要任務(wù)。當(dāng)前,解決建筑能源損失問題的研究方向主要有兩方面：一是從建筑的起始階段進(jìn)行節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)；二是對(duì)建筑物進(jìn)行節(jié)能更新。德國(guó)在既有建筑更新的理論與技術(shù)研究方面已經(jīng)達(dá)到了世界領(lǐng)先水平,在建筑節(jié)能更新實(shí)踐上更是取得了突出成效。本文以此為背景,全面總結(jié)了德國(guó)建筑節(jié)能更新的發(fā)展歷程,介紹了節(jié)能政策法規(guī)的核心內(nèi)容,系統(tǒng)論述了節(jié)能技術(shù)及其在建筑更新中的應(yīng)用情況。德國(guó)政府頒布一系列的法律法規(guī)來(lái)推廣節(jié)能建筑,對(duì)于既有建筑的更新實(shí)行激勵(lì)政策的經(jīng)驗(yàn)值得我國(guó)借鑒。在政策的推動(dòng)下,德國(guó)在建筑更新方面注重節(jié)能,其節(jié)能更新的技術(shù)在我國(guó)也得到了實(shí)踐。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文以節(jié)能更新的理論認(rèn)識(shí)和技術(shù)總結(jié)為著手點(diǎn),以實(shí)地調(diào)研分析為方法,從建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑空間和建筑設(shè)備三個(gè)方面,對(duì)德國(guó)建筑更新中的節(jié)能策略進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。在維護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)更新方面,本文從優(yōu)化既有建筑自然采光、加強(qiáng)門窗和陽(yáng)臺(tái)的保溫性能、加強(qiáng)外墻保溫隔熱改造、加強(qiáng)通風(fēng)改造、節(jié)能屋面改造五方面詳述了具體的節(jié)能策略；建筑空間更新方面,本文論述了如何利用中庭空間、太陽(yáng)房、“氣層式空間”等發(fā)生物理效應(yīng)的空間來(lái)優(yōu)化建筑室內(nèi)環(huán)境舒適度,結(jié)合建筑功能需求采取合理的更新策略,并且節(jié)約能耗；建筑設(shè)備更新方面,本文主要介紹了機(jī)械輔助式通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)、新風(fēng)熱回收系統(tǒng)、遮陽(yáng)智能光電系統(tǒng)以及太陽(yáng)能光電系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能原理,并通過實(shí)際更新案例分析其節(jié)能效果,得出對(duì)既有建筑進(jìn)行節(jié)能更新的應(yīng)用策略。德國(guó)建筑節(jié)能更新倡導(dǎo)全面節(jié)能的理念,重視技術(shù)突破與實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的有機(jī)結(jié)合,強(qiáng)調(diào)使用者的舒適性、建筑物使用的節(jié)能性、建筑施工及安裝中的環(huán)保性。在建筑更新中盡量減少建筑中機(jī)械設(shè)備,采用綠色清潔材料,充分利用可再生能源,加之以創(chuàng)新性的、因地制宜的設(shè)計(jì)方法來(lái)達(dá)到節(jié)能的目的,符合建筑可持續(xù)發(fā)展的需求。我國(guó)的城市建設(shè)正處于飛速發(fā)展的時(shí)期,大規(guī)模的城市建設(shè)和大拆大建現(xiàn)象,使得環(huán)境和資源都承受了巨大的壓力,我國(guó)建筑領(lǐng)域?qū)⒂纱笠?guī)模新建逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向注重舊建筑適應(yīng)性更新再利用階段。德國(guó)經(jīng)過實(shí)踐檢驗(yàn)的先進(jìn)建筑節(jié)能更新策略對(duì)我國(guó)方興未艾的建筑節(jié)能更新具有普遍的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the global economic and social development is accompanied by huge energy consumption, and the energy problem has gradually become a common problem all over the world. The worldwide energy crisis and the contradiction between energy demand and supply in developing countries, led by China, make energy conservation receive unprecedented attention. The energy consumption of architecture is as high as 30% -40% in the global energy consumption, which makes the energy problem of building energy become the most important task of energy consumption and energy shortage. At present, there are two main research directions to solve the problem of energy loss of buildings: one is to carry out energy-saving design from the initial stage of buildings; the other is to carry out energy-saving renewal of buildings. Germany has reached the world leading level in the theoretical and technical research of building renewal, and has achieved outstanding results in the practice of building energy conservation renewal. Based on this background, this paper summarizes the development course of building energy conservation renewal in Germany, introduces the core contents of energy saving policies and regulations, and systematically discusses the energy saving technology and its application in building renewal. The German government promulgates a series of laws and regulations to popularize energy-saving buildings. Under the promotion of the policy, Germany pays attention to energy saving in building renewal, and its energy saving renewal technology has also been put into practice in our country. On this basis, this paper takes the theory and technology summary of energy saving renewal as the starting point, taking field investigation and analysis as the method, from three aspects of building enclosure structure, building space and building equipment. The energy saving strategy in German building renewal is studied systematically. In the respect of maintenance structure renewal, this paper elaborates the specific energy-saving strategies from five aspects: optimizing natural lighting of existing buildings, strengthening the thermal insulation performance of windows, doors and balcony, strengthening the thermal insulation transformation of the exterior wall, strengthening the ventilation transformation, and retrofitting the energy-saving roof. In the aspect of building space renewal, this paper discusses how to use the space of atrium, solar room and "air layer space" to optimize the comfort of indoor environment, and to adopt reasonable renewal strategy according to the requirement of building function. In the aspect of building equipment renewal, this paper mainly introduces the energy saving principle of mechanical auxiliary ventilation system, fresh air heat recovery system, sun shading intelligent photoelectric system and solar photovoltaic system. And through the actual renewal case analysis its energy-saving effect, obtains the energy saving renewal to the existing building the application strategy. German building energy conservation renewal advocates the idea of comprehensive energy saving, attaches importance to the organic combination of technical breakthrough and practical application, emphasizes the comfort of users, the energy saving of building use, and the environmental protection in building construction and installation. In the renewal of buildings, the mechanical equipment is reduced as much as possible, the green clean materials are adopted, the renewable energy is fully utilized, and the innovative and local design methods are used to achieve the purpose of energy saving and meet the needs of the sustainable development of buildings. The urban construction in our country is in a period of rapid development. The phenomenon of large-scale urban construction and large-scale demolition and construction has put great pressure on the environment and resources. The construction field of our country will gradually change from large-scale construction to the stage of adaptive renewal and reuse of old buildings. German advanced building energy-saving renewal strategy which has been proved by practice has universal reference significance for the building energy-saving renewal of our country in the ascendant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU201.5

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