本文選題：村落文化景觀 + 滇西北�。� 參考：《清華大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：針對現(xiàn)有村落研究缺乏復雜地理環(huán)境中的大尺度、多民族比較的現(xiàn)狀,論文從文化景觀的視角研究滇西北的村落,主要內(nèi)容包括村落文化景觀的基本內(nèi)涵、構(gòu)成因子、在不同環(huán)境中的典型案例、基于GIS的全樣本分析、在空間分布與時間進程中的基本規(guī)律。村落文化景觀的概念凸顯了自然環(huán)境與人為力量之間的持續(xù)平衡關(guān)系,有助于彌合地理、規(guī)劃、建筑、人文科學在村落研究中尚顯薄弱的交叉領域,具備哲學意義上的思考向度。論文以自然村為研究對象,以滇西北的大理、麗江、迪慶、怒江四個地州為研究范圍,根據(jù)自然地理邊界劃將研究區(qū)分為獨龍江、怒江、瀾滄江、金沙江、元江五大流域,基于人類學視野開展了扎實的田野調(diào)查,歷時三年半,遍及五大流域的百余個村落,其中26個村落的調(diào)研工作非常深入,完成調(diào)查訪談數(shù)十次,建筑測繪11套。論文以所獲得的豐富信息為基礎,采用城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃、建筑學、人類學等多學科交叉的研究方法,并將空間信息技術(shù)作為多學科研究的技術(shù)支撐。在“以村落為對象、以行政為邊界、以流域為主線、以民族為輔線”的研究思路下,從村落文化景觀的概念切入,通過產(chǎn)業(yè)為“生”、聚落為“住”、宗教為“信”的途徑,將村落的地理環(huán)境、主要產(chǎn)業(yè)、物理空間與民居、宗教信仰等要素進行大尺度的共時性比較,以注重典型性的個案研究結(jié)合基于GIS的全體樣本宏觀研究的方法,系統(tǒng)探討了村落文化景觀在“共時狀態(tài)”中的空間分布,以及在“歷時狀態(tài)”中的演進規(guī)律。論文主要結(jié)論如下:村落文化景觀是村落研究的重要范疇。滇西北的村落文化景觀受到藏彝走廊與漢族走廊的雙重影響,其空間分布與流域特征顯著相關(guān)并有突出分異性。產(chǎn)業(yè)是最能反映“人—地”關(guān)系的范疇;聚落是“人—人”關(guān)系的集中體現(xiàn);其產(chǎn)生過程既受到產(chǎn)業(yè)的制約,又受到文化交流與民族特征的影響;宗教是“人—神”關(guān)系的現(xiàn)實投影,可以在不同尺度的村落空間中發(fā)揮影響力。產(chǎn)業(yè)、聚落、宗教三者的空間分布是一種總體對應、局部微差的復雜漸變規(guī)律。就時間特征而言,基于限定與選擇的“人—地”關(guān)系構(gòu)成了村落文化景觀的演化機制,此過程可以概括為平衡回歸模型。
[Abstract]:In view of the lack of large-scale and multi-ethnic comparison in the complex geographical environment, the paper studies the villages in Northwest Yunnan from the perspective of cultural landscape. The main contents include the basic connotation of the village cultural landscape and the elements of the village culture landscape. Typical cases in different environments, the basic laws of spatial distribution and time process based on the full sample analysis of GIS. The concept of village cultural landscape highlights the sustainable balance between the natural environment and human power, and helps to bridge the intersection of geography, planning, architecture and humanities, which are still weak in the study of villages. It has a philosophical dimension of thinking. Taking the natural village as the research object and the four prefectures of Dali, Lijiang, Diqing and Nujiang in the northwest of Yunnan as the research scope, the study is divided into five basins according to the natural geographical boundary: Dulong River, Nujiang River, Lancang River, Jinsha River and Yuanjiang River. Based on anthropological view, a solid field survey was carried out, which lasted three and a half years and spread over 100 villages in five major watersheds. Among them, 26 villages were investigated in depth, dozens of investigation interviews were completed, and 11 sets of architectural mapping were completed. On the basis of the abundant information obtained, this paper adopts the research methods of urban and rural planning, architecture, anthropology and so on, and takes spatial information technology as the technical support of multi-disciplinary research. Under the research thought of "take village as object, administration as boundary, watershed as main line, and nation as auxiliary line", from the concept of village cultural landscape, through the way of industry as "living", settlement as "living" and religion as "faith", By comparing the geographical environment, main industry, physical space, folk residence, religious belief and other elements of villages on a large scale, the typical case study is combined with the method of macroscopical study of all samples based on GIS. This paper systematically discusses the spatial distribution of village cultural landscape in "synchronic state" and its evolution law in "diachronic state". The main conclusions are as follows: village cultural landscape is an important category of village research. The cultural landscape of villages in northwest Yunnan is influenced by both Tibetan and Han corridors, and its spatial distribution is significantly related to the characteristics of the basin. Industry is the category that can best reflect the relationship between man and land, settlement is the concentrated embodiment of the relationship between man and man, its production process is not only restricted by industry, but also influenced by cultural exchange and national characteristics. Religion is a realistic projection of the relationship between man and God, and can exert influence in different scales of village space. The spatial distribution of industry, settlement and religion is a complex law of gradual change. In terms of time characteristics, the "man-land" relationship based on limitation and selection constitutes the evolution mechanism of village cultural landscape, which can be summarized as a balanced regression model.
【學位授予單位】：清華大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU982.29

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本文編號：1885216