發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-10 23:04

  本文選題：超高層建筑 + 風(fēng)效應(yīng)實(shí)測(cè)��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前，風(fēng)工程界主要采用風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)方法對(duì)超高層建筑進(jìn)行抗風(fēng)研究。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)作為風(fēng)工程研究中一項(xiàng)非常重要的基礎(chǔ)性和長(zhǎng)期性工作，其研究工作及相關(guān)成果均顯不足，原型實(shí)測(cè)與風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)這兩種研究手段的比較驗(yàn)證工作則更加匱乏。阻尼比作為影響結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的控制性參數(shù)，其取值大小對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)致振動(dòng)控制具有決定性作用，現(xiàn)有大量文獻(xiàn)表明：結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)幅值對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)阻尼比值有較大影響，兩者呈現(xiàn)出非線性關(guān)系，這與經(jīng)典的結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程中，阻尼比作為一個(gè)常數(shù)存在較大出入，因此結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)幅值對(duì)阻尼比識(shí)別結(jié)果影響的研究對(duì)抗風(fēng)實(shí)測(cè)研究中信號(hào)處理的準(zhǔn)確性具有重大意義。本文主要從模擬信號(hào)阻尼比、超高層建筑的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)及風(fēng)致響應(yīng)、風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)等問(wèn)題展開(kāi)研究： 1、由隨機(jī)減量技術(shù)(RDT)得到模擬信號(hào)衰減曲線后，用外包絡(luò)和四參數(shù)擬合信號(hào)阻尼比。用外包絡(luò)擬合由不同初始閾值系列得到RDT衰減曲線阻尼比，過(guò)大、過(guò)小的初始閾值得到的阻尼比誤差比較大，過(guò)小初始閾值得到信號(hào)阻尼比還呈現(xiàn)較大離散性。對(duì)不同的隨機(jī)信號(hào)，阻尼比隨初始閾值變化趨勢(shì)不一致。取一倍均方根作為初始閾值時(shí)得到的阻尼比最為接近預(yù)設(shè)值；運(yùn)用四參數(shù)擬合長(zhǎng)時(shí)RDT衰減信號(hào)得到結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)參數(shù)，其中頻率值與預(yù)設(shè)值一致。阻尼比值在大幅值情況下誤差很小，在小幅值情況下識(shí)別得到的阻尼比誤差較大，也呈現(xiàn)出離散性；對(duì)于同一衰減信號(hào)由外包絡(luò)擬合阻尼比值和四參數(shù)擬合阻尼比平均值，在大幅值情況下基本相等。而在小幅值情況下，結(jié)果誤差較大，也呈現(xiàn)出離散性，但兩者變化趨勢(shì)一致。 2、對(duì)深圳卓越皇崗世紀(jì)中心在不同強(qiáng)、臺(tái)風(fēng)條件下實(shí)施不間斷監(jiān)測(cè)表明：結(jié)構(gòu)舒適度滿足規(guī)范要求；由四參數(shù)、功率譜得到結(jié)構(gòu)前兩階頻率值均為0.80Hz、0.220Hz左右；由外包絡(luò)、四參數(shù)擬合得到結(jié)構(gòu)的前2階模態(tài)阻尼比分別為0.8%、0.9%左右，并沒(méi)有呈現(xiàn)隨結(jié)構(gòu)加速度幅度增大而增大的趨勢(shì)。由環(huán)境激勵(lì)加速度響應(yīng)得到的阻尼比呈現(xiàn)出較大波動(dòng)性，誤差較大，，此時(shí)RDT衰減曲線得到阻尼比值準(zhǔn)確性得不到保障。 3、深圳卓越皇崗世紀(jì)中心剛性模型高頻底座天平試驗(yàn)計(jì)算表明：結(jié)構(gòu)10年重現(xiàn)期峰值加速度約為18mg，滿足規(guī)范舒適度要求；分析一階廣義力功率譜函數(shù)得到180°風(fēng)向角下結(jié)構(gòu)折算頻率與斯托羅哈數(shù)0.1接近，因此在該風(fēng)向角下出現(xiàn)了較大加速度值和基底彎矩值；對(duì)實(shí)測(cè)建筑頻率與有限元模型分析得到，實(shí)測(cè)頻率加速度響應(yīng)小于有限元模型頻率加速度響應(yīng)，實(shí)際結(jié)構(gòu)中，非承重構(gòu)件增加了結(jié)構(gòu)剛度，有限元模型周期應(yīng)折減。對(duì)比實(shí)際風(fēng)場(chǎng)環(huán)境測(cè)得加速度響應(yīng)與剛體模型在相應(yīng)風(fēng)場(chǎng)環(huán)境中加速度響應(yīng)存在較大差距，在相同阻尼比情況下，風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)得到加速度值大于實(shí)測(cè)值。分析其原因可能與來(lái)流風(fēng)場(chǎng)的基本風(fēng)速、風(fēng)向均與結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際響應(yīng)對(duì)應(yīng)風(fēng)速、風(fēng)向不一定準(zhǔn)確，風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)的縮尺效應(yīng)也可能造成與實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果的不一致，結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)阻尼的識(shí)別方法也可能導(dǎo)致計(jì)算結(jié)果產(chǎn)生偏差等有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:At present, wind engineering field mainly adopts wind tunnel test method to study wind resistance of super high rise buildings. Field measurement is a very important basic and long-term work in wind engineering research, and its research work and related achievements are insufficient. The comparison and verification of the two methods of prototype measurement and wind tunnel test are more scarce. The damping ratio is a controlling parameter that affects the dynamic response of the structure. The value of the damping ratio plays a decisive role in the wind induced vibration control of the structure. A large number of existing documents show that the amplitude of the structural response has a great influence on the damping ratio of the structure, and there is a nonlinear relationship between the two. The damping ratio is a constant in the classical structural dynamic equation. There are great differences in number, so the research on the influence of structural response amplitude on damping ratio identification results is of great significance to the accuracy of signal processing in wind measurement research. This paper mainly studies on the damping ratio of analog signals, field measurement and wind response of super high rise buildings, wind tunnel test and other problems.
1, after the simulation signal attenuation curve is obtained by random decrement technique (RDT), the damping ratio of the signal is fitted with the external envelope and the four parameter. The damping ratio of the attenuation curve of the attenuation curve is obtained by the outer envelope fitting from the different initial threshold series. The damping ratio is larger than the initial threshold, and the damping ratio of the signal is also obtained by the small initial threshold. Large dispersion. For different random signals, the damping ratio is not consistent with the change trend of the initial threshold. The damping ratio obtained by taking the root mean square root as the initial threshold is most close to the preset value; the modal parameter is obtained by fitting the long RDT attenuation signal with the four parameter, in which the frequency value is in accordance with the presupposition value. The damping ratio is in the case of large value. The error is very small, the damping ratio identified by the small amplitude is larger and shows discreteness. For the same attenuation signal, the damping ratio of the outer envelope and the mean value of the four parameter fitting damping ratio are basically equal in the case of large value. In the case of small amplitude, the result is large and discreteness, but both change. The trend is consistent.
2, uninterrupted monitoring of the center of Shenzhen's outstanding Huanggang century under the condition of typhoon shows that the structural comfort meets the requirements of the standard, and the two order frequency values of the structure are all 0.80Hz and 0.220Hz, from the four parameters, the power spectrum is about 0.8% and 0.9% of the first 2 order modal damping ratios of the structure from the outer envelope and the four parameters. It does not show a tendency to increase with the increase of the acceleration of the structure. The damping ratio obtained by the response to the acceleration response of the environment presents a larger fluctuation and the error is larger. At this time, the RDT attenuation curve gets the damping ratio accuracy not guaranteed.
3, the calculation of the high frequency base balance test of Shenzhen outstanding Huanggang Center rigid model shows that the peak acceleration of the 10 year recurrence period of the structure is about 18mg, which meets the requirements of the standard comfort degree. The analysis of the first order generalized force power spectrum function is close to the Stow Lodha number 0.1 under the 180 degree wind direction angle, so it appears under the wind direction angle. In the actual structure, the structural stiffness of the non load-bearing component is increased and the period of the finite element model should be reduced. The acceleration response and the rigid body measured in the actual wind field environment are measured and the acceleration response and the rigid body are measured in comparison with the actual wind field. There is a large gap in the acceleration response of the model in the corresponding wind field. In the case of the same damping ratio, the acceleration value of the wind tunnel test is greater than the measured value. The reason may be the basic wind speed of the wind field, the wind direction is corresponding to the actual response of the structure, the wind direction is not accurate, and the scale effect of the wind tunnel test may also be caused by the wind tunnel test. The method of structural modal damping identification may also lead to bias in calculation results, which is inconsistent with the measured results.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU973.213

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