本文選題：分布式能源 + 燃?xì)?蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)��； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：分布式能源系統(tǒng)以節(jié)能、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)保和供能可靠等優(yōu)勢,在我國環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、能源利用率較低的今天有著廣泛的發(fā)展前景。目前,國內(nèi)分布式能源系統(tǒng)主要受并網(wǎng)難、技術(shù)不成熟等問題的困擾。 針對國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有分式能源系統(tǒng)效率低、熱電冷負(fù)荷調(diào)節(jié)難等問題,本課題充分利用城市已有天然氣一次能源供應(yīng)管網(wǎng)優(yōu)勢,以提高系統(tǒng)總能利用效率為出發(fā)點(diǎn),基于能量梯級(jí)利用的基本原則,設(shè)計(jì)了一小型燃?xì)?蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)分布式能源系統(tǒng),為某小區(qū)提供1200kW的用電量,并滿足其全年用熱冷負(fù)荷。 該系統(tǒng)充分考慮了各種余熱利用,通過建立優(yōu)化目標(biāo)函數(shù),分析了節(jié)點(diǎn)溫差、接近點(diǎn)溫差和主蒸汽溫度對聯(lián)合循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)性能的影響,節(jié)點(diǎn)溫差應(yīng)取范圍內(nèi)的較大值,使聯(lián)合循環(huán)總功率增加；接近點(diǎn)溫差應(yīng)取范圍內(nèi)的較大值,使聯(lián)合循環(huán)總功率增加；主蒸汽溫度增加是提高聯(lián)合循環(huán)效率的最有效措施之一,但主蒸汽溫度的增加受限于燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)排氣溫度。通過計(jì)算和分析,給出了該分布式能源系統(tǒng)的燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)、余熱鍋爐、蒸汽輪機(jī)和熱泵等裝置的選型和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)理論。 小型分布式能源系統(tǒng)容量小,余熱量小,不足以滿足用戶所需的熱負(fù)荷、冷負(fù)荷,需另設(shè)供熱制冷裝置。通過設(shè)計(jì)煙氣換熱器和直燃型吸收式熱泵,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)了供熱制冷系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的集成優(yōu)化。最后,計(jì)算了該分布式能源系統(tǒng)在供熱工況和制冷工況下的系統(tǒng)性能。 所設(shè)計(jì)的小型分布式能源系統(tǒng)的能源利用效率為92.84%、冬天和夏天CO2減排率分別為70%、57.5%、單位供能成本減小率分別為61.33%、44%。 供熱制冷系統(tǒng)共分三部分：小汽輪機(jī)抽汽驅(qū)動(dòng)的吸收式熱泵一年四季供熱水,其供熱性能系數(shù)COP為1.8；煙氣換熱器可提供231kW的供暖量；直燃型吸收式熱泵供暖制冷系統(tǒng),冬天供熱性能系數(shù)COP達(dá)2.41,夏天制冷系數(shù)ξ為1.25；系統(tǒng)排煙溫度可降至50℃。 分布式能源是未來能源技術(shù)的重要發(fā)展方向,基于燃?xì)?蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)的小型分布式能源系統(tǒng)在中國具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:With the advantages of energy saving, economy, environmental protection and reliable energy supply, distributed energy system has a broad development prospect in China, where environmental pollution is serious and energy utilization is low. At present, the domestic distributed energy system is mainly troubled by the difficulties of grid connection and immature technology. In view of the problems of low efficiency of existing fractional energy system in China and difficulty in regulating the load of heat and cooling, this paper makes full use of the advantages of primary energy supply network of natural gas in cities, and takes it as the starting point to improve the efficiency of total utilization of the system. Based on the basic principle of energy cascade utilization, a small gas-steam combined cycle distributed energy system is designed, which can provide the power consumption of 1200kW for a residential area and meet its annual heat and cooling load. The system fully considers the utilization of all kinds of residual heat, and analyzes the effect of node temperature difference, proximity point temperature difference and main steam temperature on the performance of combined cycle power generation system by establishing the optimization objective function. The node temperature difference should be taken as a large value in the range. The total power of the combined cycle is increased; the value of the temperature difference at the close point is larger, and the total power of the combined cycle is increased; the increase of the main steam temperature is one of the most effective measures to improve the efficiency of the combined cycle. However, the increase of the main steam temperature is limited by the exhaust temperature of the gas turbine. Through calculation and analysis, the selection and optimization design theory of gas turbine, waste heat boiler, steam turbine and heat pump for the distributed energy system are given. The small distributed energy system has small capacity and small residual heat, so it is not enough to meet the heat load and cooling load required by the user, so it is necessary to set up additional heating and refrigeration equipment. Through the design of flue gas heat exchanger and direct-fired absorption heat pump, the heating and refrigeration system is optimized and the integrated optimization of the system is realized. Finally, the performance of the distributed energy system under heating and refrigeration conditions is calculated. The energy utilization efficiency of the designed small distributed energy system is 92.84, the CO2 emission reduction rate in winter and summer is 70 and 57.5, and the reduction rate of unit energy supply cost is 61.3344. The heating and refrigeration system is divided into three parts: the absorption heat pump driven by small steam turbine provides hot water throughout the year, and its heating performance coefficient (COP) is 1.8; the flue gas heat exchanger can provide the heating quantity of 231kW; the direct-fired absorption heat pump heating and refrigeration system, The heating performance coefficient (COP) is 2.41 in winter and the cooling coefficient 尉 is 1.25 in summer. The exhaust temperature of the system can be reduced to 50 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1833349