本文選題：農(nóng)村住宅 + 砌體結(jié)構(gòu)��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：本文以北京地區(qū)農(nóng)村住宅為主要研究對象,通過對北京地區(qū)農(nóng)村住宅結(jié)構(gòu)類型和抗震性能調(diào)研,進(jìn)行了典型住宅的結(jié)構(gòu)分類、抗震性能分析、抗震加固措施及其優(yōu)化研究；同時進(jìn)行了典型農(nóng)村住宅的原型和加固模型的振動臺試驗、構(gòu)件的低周反復(fù)荷載試驗、模型的材料試驗以及數(shù)值模擬分析,對比分析了結(jié)構(gòu)原型和加固模型在試驗過程中的損傷和裂縫的發(fā)展、結(jié)構(gòu)的動力特性(頻率和阻尼特性、動力放大特性)、滯回曲線、剛度退化特性等,驗證分析了抗震加固及節(jié)能綜合改造措施的有效性和可行性,加固后模型達(dá)到了“小震不壞、中震可修、大震不倒”的抗震設(shè)防目標(biāo)。本課題主要的研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)在大量現(xiàn)場調(diào)研工作的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納了北京地區(qū)既有典型單層農(nóng)宅的結(jié)構(gòu)布局特征,指出了其抗震性能方面存在的問題,提出了北京地區(qū)既有單層農(nóng)宅抗震性能研究方案,建議了抗震加固的目標(biāo)與抗震加固措施。 (2)根據(jù)既有農(nóng)宅抗震加固性能研究方案,按照不同加固措施、不同材料特性組合,完成了3片墻體的低周反復(fù)荷載擬靜力試驗。分析了墻體在試驗過程中開裂發(fā)展和破壞情況,總結(jié)了墻體破壞的主要特征。同時對不同試件的歸一化骨架曲線、實測位移、滯回曲線、剛度退化、耗能性能等進(jìn)行對比分析,總結(jié)了不同加固墻體的抗震性能和承載能力。并通過數(shù)值模擬分析,驗證了實驗結(jié)果的可靠性。 (3)根據(jù)農(nóng)宅典型性分析結(jié)果,選取了北京地區(qū)典型三開間單層農(nóng)村磚木結(jié)構(gòu)住宅作為振動臺試驗對象,完成了1個未加固模型與2個不同抗震加固模型的模擬地震振動臺試驗,分別采用了8度小震(0.072g)、8度中震(0.2g)和8度大震(0.4g)的水平地震動輸入,并對振動臺試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,通過分析不同加載等級下的地震反應(yīng)、結(jié)構(gòu)頻率和阻尼比、結(jié)構(gòu)損傷和裂縫發(fā)展,總結(jié)了未加固農(nóng)宅和采用不同措施抗震加固后農(nóng)宅的抗震性能,檢驗了北京既有單層農(nóng)宅的抗震能力以及驗證了抗震加固措施的有效性。 (4)利用SAP2000軟件,對振動臺試驗整體模型進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得出了試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷恼駝宇l率和振型,并對不同配重施加方式的誤差和影響進(jìn)行了分析。 (5)研究提出了農(nóng)宅縱墻抗側(cè)剛度的簡化計算方法,解決了實際工程加固設(shè)計時,定量計算前后縱墻的抗側(cè)剛度的問題,對于確定農(nóng)宅抗震加固措施、盡可能減小前后縱墻的抗側(cè)剛度差,有重要實用意義。回歸提出了加固前后磚砌體極限承載力理論計算公式。 (6)開展了試點工程建設(shè),根據(jù)試驗?zāi)Ｐ秃偷湫娃r(nóng)宅結(jié)構(gòu)類型,分別選取了2個試點工程,針對試點工程的結(jié)構(gòu)特點分別設(shè)計了抗震加固和節(jié)能綜合改造方案,并組織施工。通過與傳統(tǒng)加固方法的對比,證明本文提出的加固方法具有加固針對性強、施工便利、經(jīng)濟(jì)節(jié)約等優(yōu)點,同時試點工程的建設(shè)為后期農(nóng)宅抗震加固和節(jié)能改造工作的全面鋪開,起到了示范作用。 本文提出了兩種前檐加固措施：增設(shè)鋼門窗框的抗震加固措施和增設(shè)鋼筋混凝土門框的加固措施。提出了鋼板圈梁整體加固農(nóng)宅的措施。這些加固措施均是不同于傳統(tǒng)加固方法的創(chuàng)新性研究成果,并已經(jīng)都取得了專利。 成果對北京地區(qū)乃至全國農(nóng)村住宅的抗震節(jié)能綜合改造都有重要技術(shù)支撐作用,已發(fā)布的《北京市農(nóng)村住宅建筑(平房)綜合改造實施技術(shù)導(dǎo)則》以本文提出的綜合改造措施作為重要方法,本文成果為正在編制的北京市地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供了有力的技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the rural housing in Beijing area is the main research object. Through the investigation of the type and seismic performance of the rural residential structure in Beijing, the structure classification, the seismic performance analysis, the seismic reinforcement measures and the optimization research are carried out. At the same time, the prototype of the typical rural residence and the shaking table test of the reinforcement model are carried out. The low cycle load test, the material test of the model and the numerical simulation analysis are used to compare the damage and crack development of the structural prototype and the reinforcement model in the test process, the dynamic characteristics of the structure (frequency and damping characteristic, dynamic magnification characteristic), the hysteresis curve and the stiffness degradation characteristics, which verify and analyze the seismic reinforcement and energy saving. The effectiveness and feasibility of the comprehensive reform measures, after the reinforcement model reached the "small earthquake is not bad, the medium earthquake can be repaired, the big earthquake does not fall" the seismic fortification target. The main research content of this topic is as follows:
(1) on the basis of a large number of field research work, the structural layout characteristics of the typical single layer farmhouses in Beijing are summarized, the existing problems in the seismic performance are pointed out, and the seismic performance research scheme of the single layer farmhouses in Beijing is proposed, and the targets for seismic reinforcement and the seismic reinforcement measures are suggested.
(2) according to the research scheme of the seismic strengthening performance of the existing farm house, according to the different reinforcement measures and the combination of different material properties, the low cycle cyclic loading pseudo static test of 3 walls has been completed. The cracking development and destruction of the wall in the test process are analyzed, the main characteristics of the wall failure are summarized, and the normalized skeleton of different specimens is also summarized. Line, measured displacement, hysteresis curve, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation performance are compared and analyzed. The seismic performance and bearing capacity of different reinforced walls are summarized, and the reliability of the experimental results is verified by numerical simulation analysis.
(3) according to the typical analysis results of the farm house, a typical three single single layer rural brick and wood structure residence in Beijing area is selected as a shaking table test, and 1 simulated earthquake shaking table tests are completed with 1 unreinforced models and 2 different seismic reinforcement models, and the levels of 8 degree small earthquakes (0.2g), 8 degree medium earthquake (0.4g) and 8 degree large earthquake (0.4g) are used respectively. The seismic response of different loading grades, structural frequency and damping ratio, structural damage and crack development are analyzed, and the seismic performance of the unreinforced farmhouses and the seismic reinforcement of the farmhouses with different measures are summarized, and the seismic ability of the existing single layer farmhouses in Beijing and the test are tested and tested. The effectiveness of the seismic reinforcement measures is proved.
(4) using the SAP2000 software, the modal analysis of the whole model of the shaking table test is carried out. The vibration frequency and vibration mode of the test model are obtained, and the error and influence of the different weights are analyzed.
(5) the simplified calculation method of the lateral stiffness of the vertical wall of the farm house is put forward. The problem of the lateral stiffness of the longitudinal wall before and after the quantitative calculation is solved when the actual engineering reinforcement is designed. It is important to reduce the anti lateral stiffness of the vertical wall as far as possible for the aseismic strengthening measures of the farm house, and the regression puts forward the limit of the brick masonry before and after the reinforcement. The theoretical calculation formula of bearing capacity.
(6) to carry out the pilot project construction, 2 pilot projects are selected according to the experimental model and the typical type of farm house structure. According to the structural characteristics of the pilot projects, the comprehensive reform scheme of seismic strengthening and energy saving is designed and the construction is organized. The reinforcement methods proposed in this paper have the reinforcing needles compared with the traditional reinforcement methods. With the advantages of strong sex, convenient construction and economical saving, the construction of the pilot project has played an exemplary role in the comprehensive spread of the anti-seismic strengthening and energy saving reform of the later farm houses.
This paper puts forward two measures for strengthening the front eaves: strengthening the seismic strengthening measures of the steel door window frame and strengthening the reinforcement of the reinforced concrete door frame. The measures of the whole reinforcement of the farm house are proposed. These measures are all the innovative research results different from the traditional reinforcement methods, and have already obtained the patent.
The results have important technical support for the comprehensive transformation of the rural residential buildings in Beijing and the country. The technical guidelines for the comprehensive transformation of rural residential buildings (flat houses) in Beijing have been issued as an important method for the comprehensive reform measures proposed in this article. The fruit of this article is provided for the local standard of Beijing City, which is being compiled. Strong technical support.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU241.4;TU352.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號：1824865