本文選題：平地機(jī) + 配重　； 參考：《上海交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：工程機(jī)械作為一種專用設(shè)備,自身重量對整機(jī)性能有直接重要影響,常見工程機(jī)械的如挖掘機(jī)、裝載機(jī)、平地機(jī)、推土機(jī)等,其作業(yè)能力大體與自身重量成正比,因此,在這些設(shè)備中有一個(gè)常見的部件即“配重”,用來平衡機(jī)器重心、增加機(jī)器的作業(yè)能力,同時(shí)保護(hù)機(jī)器不受外部撞擊而損壞。根據(jù)工程機(jī)械的大小不同,配重塊質(zhì)量從上百公斤到十幾噸不等,目前大部分工程機(jī)械采用鑄鐵鑄造或者低碳鋼焊接而成的配重,折合每公斤重量成本約5-6元,其成本較高。為降低配重成本,采用鋼板-混凝土復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)替代全金屬配重是一種有效的方法之一,能夠降低配重成本約80%。但是由于鋼板-混凝土復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料的特殊性,有針對性的的力學(xué)理論分析及研究應(yīng)用目前還很匱乏。本研究以平地機(jī)為應(yīng)用對象,以替代平地機(jī)鑄鐵配重結(jié)構(gòu)為鋼板-混凝土復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)配重為研究目標(biāo),利用ABAQUS軟件建立了有限元模型,設(shè)計(jì)了鋼板和混凝土之間的接觸關(guān)系;對鋼板-混凝土配重在受到20T靜力作用的應(yīng)力和變形情況做了有限元分析,與鋼板和混凝土在單獨(dú)受力下的應(yīng)力和變形對比,兩者的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)能夠相互加強(qiáng),鋼板外殼抗變形能力提升了約70倍。并且與鑄件配重做了對比分析,結(jié)果表明在載荷20T力作用下鋼板-混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)替代鑄鐵的有效性�；陟o態(tài)有限元分析,設(shè)計(jì)了平地機(jī)的碰撞試驗(yàn),分析了初速度對碰撞的結(jié)果影響,得到了碰撞過程中時(shí)間和加速度、速度的關(guān)系,建立了動(dòng)力學(xué)有限元分析模型。通過分析三種不同沖擊速度下配重的動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能,識(shí)別出了原始設(shè)計(jì)方案缺陷。根據(jù)受力情況對原有設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),并再次進(jìn)行分析,對比結(jié)果顯示在3.96km/h的沖擊速度下,改進(jìn)后的模型碰撞變形區(qū)域減小了70%,最大變形量減小了65%,滿足平地機(jī)的使用要求。
[Abstract]:As a kind of special equipment, the weight of construction machinery has a direct and important effect on the performance of the whole machine. The common construction machinery, such as excavator, loader, grader, bulldozer and so on, has a direct effect on its working ability, so its working ability is directly proportional to its own weight. A common component in these devices, "counterweight", is used to balance the center of gravity of the machine, increase its operational capacity, and protect the machine from external impact. According to the size of construction machinery, the mass of weight distribution varies from hundreds kg to more than ten tons. At present, most construction machinery use cast iron casting or low carbon steel welded counterweight, equivalent to about 5-6 yuan per kilogram weight cost, its cost is high. In order to reduce the cost of counterweight, it is an effective method to replace the whole metal counterweight with steel plate and concrete composite structure, which can reduce the cost of counterweight about 80%. However, due to the particularity of steel plate-concrete composite structure materials, there is still a lack of targeted mechanical theory analysis and research and application. Taking grader as the application object and replacing the grader cast iron counterweight structure as the research goal, the finite element model is established by using ABAQUS software, and the contact relationship between steel plate and concrete is designed. The stress and deformation of steel plate concrete counterweight under the static action of 20T are analyzed by finite element method. Compared with the stress and deformation of steel plate and concrete under separate force, the composite structure can strengthen each other. The deformation resistance of the steel shell is increased by about 70 times. The results show that the steel plate concrete structure is effective in replacing cast iron under 20T load. Based on the static finite element analysis, the impact test of a grader is designed, and the influence of initial velocity on the result of collision is analyzed. The relationship between time, acceleration and velocity in the process of collision is obtained, and the dynamic finite element analysis model is established. By analyzing the dynamic mechanical properties of three different impact velocities, the defects of the original design scheme are identified. According to the stress situation, the original design is improved and analyzed again. The comparison results show that under the impact velocity of 3.96km/h, the modified model has reduced the impact deformation area by 70 and the maximum deformation by 65, which meets the requirements of the leveling machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU623.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 瞿海雁;李國強(qiáng);孫建運(yùn);陳素文;;側(cè)向沖擊作用下圓鋼管混凝土構(gòu)件的數(shù)值模擬分析[J];建筑科學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào);2010年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：1823422