本文選題：砌體結(jié)構(gòu) + 抗震快速評估��； 參考：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前，我國農(nóng)村、城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合處等防災(zāi)隱患區(qū)域存在著大量砌體結(jié)構(gòu)建筑。由于砌體結(jié)構(gòu)使用脆性材料，其抗拉、抗剪強(qiáng)度均較低，其抗震性能相對其他結(jié)構(gòu)較差，在地震中的破壞率相當(dāng)高。因此砌體結(jié)構(gòu)建筑是我國房屋抗震鑒定及加固的重要對象。然而對這些建筑物進(jìn)行逐一的詳細(xì)的結(jié)構(gòu)分析及排查需要大量的專業(yè)人員，短時間內(nèi)幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)，而適用于大面積建筑群和提供初步?jīng)Q策參考的快速鑒定和評估方法才能更快的解決此類問題。 本文的研究目的和意義是在以往砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震研究工作的基礎(chǔ)上探討一種相對簡單快速可靠的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震能力快速評估方法。本文以砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震承載力和抗壓承載力為評價指標(biāo)，提出了簡化公式和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測系統(tǒng)兩種砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震能力快速評價方法，，具體主要研究內(nèi)容及成果包括以下幾方面： （1）總結(jié)了砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震能力評估方法的研究現(xiàn)狀，指出了研究中尚待解決的問題和研究方向； （2）根據(jù)砌體震害特點(diǎn)、抗震鑒定相關(guān)規(guī)范和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、以及現(xiàn)有評價方法確定砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震承載力和抗壓承載力作為評價體系的指標(biāo)，并且篩選了影響其抗震性能的主要因素； （3）根據(jù)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震和抗壓力學(xué)原理，推導(dǎo)了影響因素與兩指標(biāo)的關(guān)系公式，并對公式進(jìn)行了簡化。此方法不僅避免了層次分析法等主觀性較強(qiáng)的評價方法，而且建立了影響因素與評價指標(biāo)的客觀關(guān)系； （4）采集青島市市南區(qū)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)樣本數(shù)據(jù)，利用PKPM軟件對各個樣本的抗震承載力及抗壓承載力進(jìn)行建模計算；編制了BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測模型程序，并將實(shí)際樣本數(shù)據(jù)輸入系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練，得到了符合精度要求的預(yù)測模型； （5）將簡化公式與神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測兩種方法對樣本的計算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，修正了簡化公式，提出了兩種砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能快速預(yù)測方法，即簡化公式和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)測模型。
[Abstract]:At present, there are a large number of masonry structures in the disaster prevention areas such as rural areas, urban and rural areas and so on. Because masonry structure uses brittle material, its tensile strength and shear strength are lower, its seismic performance is worse than other structures, and the failure rate in earthquake is quite high. Therefore, masonry structure is an important object of seismic appraisal and reinforcement of buildings in China. However, detailed structural analysis and clearance of these buildings, one by one, will require a large number of professionals and will be almost impossible to achieve in a short period of time. In order to solve these problems more quickly, the rapid identification and evaluation method, which is suitable for large area buildings and to provide reference for preliminary decision making, can solve this kind of problems more quickly. The purpose and significance of this paper is to explore a relatively simple, rapid and reliable method for the rapid evaluation of seismic capacity of masonry structures on the basis of previous seismic research work of masonry structures. Taking the seismic bearing capacity and compressive bearing capacity of masonry structure as evaluation indexes, this paper puts forward two methods of rapid evaluation of seismic capacity of masonry structure based on simplified formula and neural network prediction system. The main research contents and results include the following aspects: 1) the present research situation of seismic capacity assessment method of masonry structure is summarized, and the problems and research directions in the research are pointed out. (2) according to the characteristics of masonry earthquake damage, the relevant codes and standards for seismic identification and the existing evaluation methods are used to determine the seismic bearing capacity and compressive capacity of masonry structures as indicators of the evaluation system, and the main factors affecting the seismic performance of masonry structures are screened. According to the principle of aseismic and compressive mechanics of masonry structure, the relation formula between the influencing factors and the two indexes is deduced, and the formula is simplified. This method not only avoids the subjective evaluation methods such as Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), but also establishes the objective relationship between the influencing factors and the evaluation index. (4) collect the sample data of masonry structure in Shinan District of Qingdao City, use PKPM software to model and calculate the seismic bearing capacity and compressive capacity of each sample, and compile the prediction model program of BP neural network. The actual sample data is input into the system for training, and the prediction model that meets the precision requirement is obtained. The simplified formula is compared with the neural network prediction method, and the simplified formula is revised. Two fast prediction methods for seismic behavior of masonry structure are proposed, namely, simplified formula and neural network prediction model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU364;TU352.11

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