本文選題：農(nóng)村居民點 + 布局優(yōu)化方案��； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,農(nóng)村居民點用地矛盾更加突出,如何解決這一矛盾已成為中國新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的主要內(nèi)容。黨的十六屆五中全會及十七大都對新農(nóng)村建設(shè)和節(jié)約用地提出了新的目標和要求,統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展,做好城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃。我國人均居民點用地面積為185m2,在中國的農(nóng)村建設(shè)用地的嚴重不足,農(nóng)村居民點用地比例,造成嚴重浪費,尤其是在東北三省和自治區(qū),人均農(nóng)村居民點用地超過300平方米,而內(nèi)蒙古治區(qū)人均用地甚至超過400m2。目前我國存在大量的閑置土地,面積大約占我農(nóng)村建設(shè)用地面積的10%～15%,造成“空心村”現(xiàn)象十分嚴重。 隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,人口急劇增長,導(dǎo)致人地矛盾越來越激烈,農(nóng)村居民點空間分布比較散亂,造成嚴重的土地浪費現(xiàn)象。進行農(nóng)村居民點布局優(yōu)化研究,可以在一定程度上,挖掘農(nóng)村建設(shè)用地潛力,增加耕地面積,提高農(nóng)村建設(shè)用地的土地利用率,改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)、生活條件和人居生態(tài)環(huán)境。本文以肇源縣為研究區(qū),對肇源縣農(nóng)村居民點進行優(yōu)化布局,本為主要內(nèi)容包括以下6個章節(jié)內(nèi)容： (1)引言部分。該章節(jié)主要介紹了本文的選題背景,國內(nèi)外研究動態(tài)、本文的研究內(nèi)容、目的、意義以及本文的研究方法和技術(shù)路線。研究背景主要包括國家政策、我國現(xiàn)階段新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的新目標、我國國情以及肇源縣農(nóng)村居民點存在的問題。 (2)理論基礎(chǔ)部分。主要介紹了有關(guān)農(nóng)村居民點布局的相關(guān)概念和布局所依據(jù)的基本理論�；靖拍钪饕寝r(nóng)村居民點和農(nóng)村居民點布局兩個概念,基本理論主要包括土地資源優(yōu)化配置理論、區(qū)位理論、供需平衡理論和可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論。 (3)研究區(qū)介紹。主要包括兩部分：第一部分主要從地理位置、自然資源概況、交通狀況、社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展狀況對肇源縣進行介紹；第二部分主要介紹了肇源縣土地利用現(xiàn)狀。 (4)評價部分。主要是對肇源縣農(nóng)村居民點進行評價分析。根據(jù)所收集的資料,結(jié)合肇源縣實際情況構(gòu)建合理的指標體系,運用層次分析法和專家打分法,確定指標權(quán)重,并級差標準化法對指標進行指標標準化,并對肇源縣農(nóng)村居民點進行評價分級,將肇源縣農(nóng)村居民點劃分為三個潛力分區(qū),根據(jù)評價分級結(jié)果進行分析。 (5)布局優(yōu)化整理方案。主要介紹了優(yōu)化布局過程中所依據(jù)的原則,三種優(yōu)化布局方案和針對布局優(yōu)化過程中存在的問題所提出6條對策與建議。 (6)結(jié)論與討論。這部分主要是對本文作了總結(jié)并指出本文的不足之處。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the contradiction of rural residential land becomes more prominent. How to solve this contradiction has become the main content of the new rural construction in China. The Fifth Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee and the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China have put forward new goals and requirements for the construction of new rural areas and land conservation, as well as overall development and urban and rural planning. The per capita residential land area in China is 185 m2. The rural construction land in China is seriously inadequate and the proportion of rural residential land is seriously wasted. Especially in the three northeastern provinces and autonomous regions, the per-capita rural residential land is more than 300 square meters. The per capita land use in Inner Mongolia is even more than 400 m2. At present, there is a large amount of idle land in our country, which accounts for about 10% of the area of rural construction land in our country, causing the phenomenon of "hollow village" very serious. With the development of our country's economy and the rapid increase of population, the contradiction between people and land is becoming more and more intense, the spatial distribution of rural residential areas is relatively scattered, resulting in serious land waste phenomenon. To a certain extent, we can excavate the potential of rural construction land, increase the area of cultivated land, improve the land utilization rate of rural construction land, improve the rural production, living conditions and living ecological environment. This article takes Zhaoyuan county as the research area, carries on the optimized layout to the Zhaoyuan county countryside residential area, this is the main content includes the following six chapters content: Introduction. This chapter mainly introduces the background of this paper, the domestic and foreign research trends, the research content, purpose, significance, research methods and technical route of this paper. The research background mainly includes the national policy, the new target of the new rural construction in our country at present, the situation of our country and the problems existing in the rural residential area of Zhaoyuan County. Part 2) theoretical basis. This paper mainly introduces the related concepts of rural residential area layout and the basic theory on which the layout is based. The basic concepts are mainly rural settlements and rural settlements layout. The basic theories mainly include land resources optimal allocation theory, location theory, supply and demand balance theory and sustainable development theory. Introduction to the research area. It mainly includes two parts: the first part mainly introduces Zhaoyuan County from geographical location, natural resources overview, traffic situation, social and economic development; the second part mainly introduces the present situation of land use in Zhaoyuan County. Evaluation part. Mainly to Zhaoyuan county countryside residential area carries on the appraisal analysis. According to the data collected, combining with the actual situation of Zhaoyuan County, a reasonable index system is constructed, and the index weight is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the expert scoring method, and the index is standardized by the differential standardization method. The rural residential areas in Zhaoyuan County were classified into three potential zones, and the results were analyzed. 5) layout optimization. This paper mainly introduces the principles based on in the process of optimizing layout, three kinds of optimal layout schemes and six countermeasures and suggestions for the problems existing in the process of layout optimization. Conclusion and discussion. This part is a summary of this paper and points out the shortcomings of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU982.29

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