發(fā)布時間：2018-04-22 20:48

  本文選題：天然橡膠支座 + 極限抗壓強度�。� 參考：《沈陽建筑大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：板式天然橡膠支座由多層均勻分布的橡膠與鋼板疊合而成,是公路橋梁重要的承力和抗震減振裝置,近20年來在我國得以廣泛應(yīng)用,其質(zhì)量優(yōu)劣和工作應(yīng)力直接影響著支座的作用、功能和橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的安全可靠度與使用壽命。根據(jù)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),自產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)JT/T4-93及相應(yīng)規(guī)格系列頒布以來,幾乎每條高速公路上的橡膠支座都有不同程度的劣化,使用壽命遠遠低于設(shè)計壽命,現(xiàn)在已發(fā)展到未通車的在建橋梁的板式橡膠支座安裝后就大量損壞。影響質(zhì)量的因素是多方面的,有施工質(zhì)量方面的問題,也有支座生產(chǎn)廠家生產(chǎn)工藝的問題和選用原料(膠料、填充劑等)質(zhì)量的問題,也有橋梁設(shè)計(包括支座的設(shè)計與選用)的問題。針對橡膠支座日益被廣泛應(yīng)用的趨勢,其性能的優(yōu)劣直接影響到我們的日常生活甚至生命財產(chǎn)安全。本文綜合當(dāng)今多種主要環(huán)境因素,從濕熱環(huán)境、酸雨環(huán)境(包括硝酸型酸雨、硫酸型酸雨及硝硫混合型酸雨)、凍融環(huán)境、鹽凍環(huán)境及熱老化環(huán)境等,研究板式天然橡膠支座在各種環(huán)境因素單獨影響下,其力學(xué)性能及耐久性的改變,從而改進橡膠支座的缺損狀況評定方法,制定出新的技術(shù)狀況評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),為日后公路橋梁橡膠支座的檢驗檢測提供相關(guān)的依據(jù)。為研究板式天然橡膠支座在高溫、潮濕的環(huán)境下能否按預(yù)定的要求起到其應(yīng)有的效果,及力學(xué)性能的改變情況,設(shè)計將一批橡膠支座置于高低溫交變濕熱試驗箱中,控制一定的溫度與濕度,分別進行20天、40天、60天、80天和100天的處理,模擬自然界中南方高溫潮濕環(huán)境及西北高溫干燥環(huán)境對天然橡膠支座的影響。對經(jīng)處理過的試件分別進行抗壓與抗剪試驗,從極限抗壓強度、極限抗剪強度、抗壓彈性模量、抗剪彈性模量、豎向剛度及水平等效剛度等方面研究其力學(xué)性能的變化。采用最小二乘法建立天然橡膠支座的衰減模型,推導(dǎo)出相應(yīng)的擬合曲線及衰減函數(shù),用于粗略估算環(huán)境因子對于橡膠支座力學(xué)性能的改變情況。為研究板式天然橡膠支座在酸雨環(huán)境下能否按預(yù)定的要求起到其應(yīng)有的效果,及力學(xué)性能的改變情況,設(shè)計將一批橡膠支座浸泡于一定濃度(pH=4.5)的硝酸溶液、硫酸溶液和按1：1體積比配比的硝硫酸混合溶液中,分別進行20天、40天、60天、80天和100天的處理,模擬自然界中硝酸型酸雨、硫酸型酸雨及硝硫混合型酸雨環(huán)境對天然橡膠支座的影響。對經(jīng)處理過的試件分別進行抗壓與抗剪試驗,從極限抗壓強度、極限抗剪強度、抗壓彈性模量、抗剪彈性模量、豎向剛度及水平等效剛度等方面研究其力學(xué)性能的變化。采用最小二乘法建立天然橡膠支座的衰減模型,推導(dǎo)出相應(yīng)的擬合曲線及衰減函數(shù),用于粗略估算環(huán)境因子對于橡膠支座力學(xué)性能的改變情況。為研究板式天然橡膠支座在凍融交替循環(huán)環(huán)境下能否按預(yù)定的要求起到其應(yīng)有的效果,及力學(xué)性能的改變情況,設(shè)計將一批橡膠支座置于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)凍融試驗箱中,控制一定的溫度與濕度,分別進行25次、50次、75次、100次和150次凍融循環(huán)處理,模擬自然界中我國北方大部分地區(qū)冬季凍融交替環(huán)境對天然橡膠支座的影響。對經(jīng)處理過的試件分別進行抗壓與抗剪試驗,從極限抗壓強度、極限抗剪強度、抗壓彈性模量、抗剪彈性模量、豎向剛度及水平等效剛度等方面研究其力學(xué)性能的變化。采用最小二乘法建立天然橡膠支座的衰減模型,推導(dǎo)出相應(yīng)的擬合曲線及衰減函數(shù),用于粗略估算環(huán)境因子對于橡膠支座力學(xué)性能的改變情況。為研究板式天然橡膠支座在鹽凍環(huán)境下能否按預(yù)定的要求起到其應(yīng)有的效果,及力學(xué)性能的改變情況,設(shè)計將一批橡膠支座置于濃度為3%的NaCl溶液中浸泡,然后將其放置在高低溫試驗箱中進行凍融循環(huán),分別進行20天、40天、60天、80天和100天的鹽凍處理,模擬自然界中鹽凍環(huán)境對天然橡膠支座的影響。對經(jīng)處理過的試件分別進行抗壓與抗剪試驗,從極限抗壓強度、極限抗剪強度、抗壓彈性模量、抗剪彈性模量、豎向剛度及水平等效剛度等方面研究其力學(xué)性能的變化。采用最小二乘法建立天然橡膠支座的衰減模型,推導(dǎo)出相應(yīng)的擬合曲線及衰減函數(shù),用于粗略估算環(huán)境因子對于橡膠支座力學(xué)性能的改變情況。
[Abstract]:The plate type natural rubber bearing is made of laminated rubber and steel plate. It is an important load bearing and seismic vibration damping device for highway bridges. It has been widely used in China in the past 20 years. Its quality and working stress have a direct impact on the function of the support, the safety reliability and service life of the function and bridge structure. Now, since the product standard JT/T4-93 and the corresponding specification series are promulgated, almost every highway rubber bearing has different degrees of deterioration, the service life is far lower than the design life, and now it has developed to the large amount of damage after the plate type rubber bearing of the bridge is not opened. The factors affecting the quality are many aspects. The problem of the quality of the work quality, the problem of the production process of the supporting manufacturer and the quality of the selection of raw materials (glue material, filling agent, etc.), and the problem of bridge design (including the design and selection of the support). In view of the increasingly widely used trend of the rubber bearing, the quality of its sexual ability directly affects our daily life and even life. In this paper, a variety of major environmental factors, including wet and hot environment, acid rain environment (including nitric acid rain, acid rain and nitrate sulphur mixed acid rain), freezing and thawing environment, salt freezing environment and thermal aging environment, are used to study the mechanical properties and durability of the plate type natural rubber bearing under the influence of various environmental factors. To improve the evaluation method of the defect condition of the rubber bearing and establish a new standard of technical condition assessment for the inspection and inspection of the rubber bearing in the future highway bridge, it is necessary to study whether the plate type natural rubber bearing can have its due effect and the change of mechanical properties in the high temperature and damp environment. A batch of rubber bearing is placed in a high and low temperature alternating damp heat test box to control certain temperature and humidity for 20 days, 40 days, 60 days, 80 days and 100 days respectively, to simulate the effect of high temperature and humidity in the south of the world and the influence of the northwest high temperature drying environment on the natural rubber bearing. With the shear test, the change of mechanical properties is studied from the aspects of ultimate compressive strength, ultimate shear strength, compressive modulus of elasticity, shear modulus of elasticity, vertical stiffness and horizontal equivalent stiffness. The attenuation model of natural rubber bearing is established by least square method, and the fitting curve and attenuation function are derived for rough estimation of the environment. In order to study the change of mechanical properties of rubber bearing, in order to study whether or not the plate type natural rubber bearing can have its due effect in the acid rain environment, and the change of mechanical properties, a batch of rubber bearing is soaked in a certain concentration (pH=4.5) of nitric acid solution, sulphuric acid solution and the ratio of 1:1 volume ratio. In the mixed solution of sulfuric acid, the treatment of 20 days, 40 days, 60 days, 80 days and 100 days was carried out to simulate the effects of acid rain, acid rain and nitrate sulphur acid rain environment on natural rubber bearing in nature. The compression and shear tests were carried out on the treated specimens, from the ultimate compressive strength, the ultimate shear strength and the compression elasticity. The change of modulus, shear modulus, vertical stiffness and horizontal equivalent stiffness are studied. The least square method is used to establish the attenuation model of natural rubber bearing, and the corresponding fitting curve and attenuation function are derived, which can be used to estimate the change of the mechanical properties of rubber support by environmental factors. In the environment of freeze-thaw alternate cycle, can the natural rubber bearing have its due effect, and the change of mechanical properties. A batch of rubber bearing is put in a standard freezing thawing test box to control certain temperature and humidity, and 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 cycles of freezing and thawing are treated respectively in the natural environment. The effect of freezing thawing alternate environment on natural rubber bearing in most parts of North China in winter. The compressive and shear tests were carried out on the treated specimens. The changes of mechanical properties were studied from the aspects of ultimate compressive strength, ultimate shear strength, compressive elastic modulus, shear modulus of elasticity, vertical stiffness and equal effect stiffness. The least square method is used to establish the attenuation model of natural rubber bearing, and the corresponding fitting curve and attenuation function are derived, which can be used to estimate the change of the mechanical properties of rubber bearing in a rough estimate. A batch of rubber bearings were placed in a NaCl solution with a concentration of 3%, and then placed in a high and low temperature test box for freezing and thawing cycles for 20 days, 40 days, 60 days, 80 days and 100 days, respectively, to simulate the effect of salt freezing environment on natural rubber bearing in nature. The change of mechanical properties is studied from extreme compressive strength, ultimate shear strength, compressive modulus of elasticity, shear modulus of elasticity, shear modulus of elasticity, vertical stiffness and horizontal equivalent stiffness. The attenuation model of natural rubber bearing is established by the least square method, and the corresponding fitting curve and attenuation function are derived, which is used for rough estimation of the ring. The influence of environmental factors on the mechanical properties of rubber bearings.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU352.12

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 石敏;;遼寧省近10年酸雨污染特征變化趨勢分析[J];農(nóng)業(yè)與技術(shù);2012年04期

2 顧浩聲;伊藤┤，

本文編號：1788892