本文選題：生態(tài)　切入點(diǎn)：城鎮(zhèn)上山　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：山多地少、耕地資源稀缺和大部分縣市地處丘陵山區(qū)是我國的基本國情，全國山地（包括丘陵、高原）面積占了國土面積的69%。隨著工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化的快速發(fā)展，優(yōu)質(zhì)耕地大量減少，嚴(yán)重威脅糧食安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展。據(jù)國土資源部資料顯示，近年來全國每年實(shí)際新增建設(shè)用地都超過1000萬畝，超出當(dāng)年計(jì)劃指標(biāo)300萬～400萬畝，供需差額在1/3以上。保障經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)資源的“兩難”局面和“雙重”壓力日益突出。 為減少城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)對農(nóng)耕地的沖擊，統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)好城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)與耕地保護(hù)之間的矛盾，一些地方政府進(jìn)行了開發(fā)利用低丘緩坡地的探索與嘗試，建設(shè)了多個(gè)工業(yè)園區(qū)，有的省區(qū)還制定了城鎮(zhèn)上山、工業(yè)上山的具體政策。 研究中所指的“城鎮(zhèn)上山”是指轉(zhuǎn)換土地利用方式，使建設(shè)用地“上山”，即利用低丘緩坡地來搞城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)，它是國內(nèi)山地城市面對新型城鎮(zhèn)化和破解“兩難”問題的戰(zhàn)略選擇。2012年3月，國土資源部出臺《低丘緩坡荒灘等未利用土地開發(fā)利用試點(diǎn)工作指導(dǎo)意見》，并確定了重慶、云南、浙江、湖北、寧夏等11個(gè)省（市、自治區(qū)）作為政策實(shí)施的試點(diǎn)省份。 我國設(shè)立低丘緩坡利用試點(diǎn)、實(shí)施“城鎮(zhèn)上山”戰(zhàn)略的初衷是保護(hù)耕地和保障發(fā)展，但經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的發(fā)展，部分地方在低丘緩坡資源開發(fā)利用中借“試點(diǎn)”名義進(jìn)行“圈山”運(yùn)動(dòng)，存在諸如“一哄而起”上項(xiàng)目、盲目“上山”、過度開發(fā)等多方面問題，導(dǎo)致低丘緩坡土地資源的粗放浪費(fèi)利用、破壞了低丘緩坡地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境。 論文在對目前國內(nèi)“城鎮(zhèn)上山”案例進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上，初步總結(jié)出城鎮(zhèn)上山的基本特征：生態(tài)后果群發(fā)性、潛在變異性、非法定性、多部門聯(lián)動(dòng)性，并對其產(chǎn)生的生態(tài)負(fù)面影響進(jìn)行了深入的分析，從行業(yè)內(nèi)的編制規(guī)劃管理和行業(yè)外的政策對接兩方面提出了規(guī)劃對策。研究的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是政策實(shí)證分析，落腳點(diǎn)是規(guī)劃對策。總體思路是：分析現(xiàn)象—揭示問題—剖析根源—規(guī)劃對策。 論文的第一章和第二章都是為實(shí)質(zhì)性研究提供鋪墊，闡述論文的研究基礎(chǔ)，，回答了“為什么研究‘城鎮(zhèn)上山’”。核心章節(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)安排是：第三章“城鎮(zhèn)上山”實(shí)施回顧分析，回答了“‘城鎮(zhèn)上山’好不好”；第四章生態(tài)化對策研究，從行業(yè)內(nèi)的規(guī)劃編制和行業(yè)外的政策對接角度回答了“如何兼顧生態(tài)保護(hù)”。第五章結(jié)論與展望。對可以進(jìn)一步深化研究的方向進(jìn)行了簡要的探討。
[Abstract]:The basic national conditions of our country are the scarcity of arable land resources, the scarcity of cultivated land resources and the fact that most counties and cities are located in hilly and mountainous areas. The mountainous areas (including hills and highlands) account for 69% of the national land area. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, The reduction of high-quality arable land has seriously threatened food security and sustainable economic and social development. According to data from the Ministry of Land and Resources, in recent years, the country has actually added more than 10 million mu of construction land each year, exceeding the planned target of 3 million to 4 million mu in recent years. The gap between supply and demand is more than one third. The dilemma and double pressure of protecting economy and protecting resources are becoming more and more prominent. In order to reduce the impact of urban construction on agricultural land and coordinate the contradiction between urban and rural construction and cultivated land protection, some local governments have explored and tried to develop and utilize gentle sloping land in low hills, and constructed several industrial parks. Some provinces and autonomous regions have formulated specific policies for cities and towns to climb mountains and industrial ones. In the study, "urban mountain" refers to the conversion of land use mode to make construction land "up mountain", that is, the use of low hills and gentle sloping land to carry out urban construction. In March 2012, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the guidance for the Development and Utilization of unused Land, such as low Hilly and mild Slope Desert, and determined Chongqing, Yunnan, China. Zhejiang, Hubei, Ningxia and other 11 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) as pilot provinces to implement the policy. The original intention of implementing the strategy of "town climbing" was to protect cultivated land and ensure development, but after a period of development, China set up a pilot project for the use of low hills and gentle slopes, and implemented the strategy of "going up mountains in cities and towns". In some places, in the name of "pilot projects" in the development and utilization of low-hill gentle slope resources, there are many problems such as "rolling up" projects, blindly "going up mountains", and over-exploiting, and so on. It leads to extensive waste and utilization of land resources on low hill gentle slope and destroys the ecological environment of low hill gentle slope area. On the basis of combing the current domestic cases of "urban mountain", the paper preliminarily summarizes the basic characteristics of urban "mountain": ecological consequences of mass occurrence, potential variability, non-legal nature, multi-sector interaction, The negative ecological impact is analyzed deeply, and planning countermeasures are put forward from the two aspects of planning management in the industry and policy docking outside the industry. The starting point of the study is the empirical analysis of the policy. The overall idea is to analyze phenomena-reveal problems-analyze root causes-planning countermeasures. The first and second chapters of the thesis provide the foundation for the substantive research, explain the research foundation of the thesis, and answer "Why study the mountain of the town". The structure of the core chapter is as follows: the third chapter "the town goes up the mountain" carries out the retrospective analysis. The answer is "is it good to go up the mountain in cities and towns"; the fourth chapter is a study of ecological countermeasures, From the angle of planning in industry and policy docking outside the industry, the author answers "how to take ecological protection into account". Chapter 5, conclusion and prospect, briefly discuss the direction of further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU984

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