液固耦合及樁土相互作用下的LNG儲罐振動特性及其抗震性能
本文選題:LNG儲罐 切入點:液固耦合 出處:《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:由于全球能源問題,天然氣將成為21世紀消費量增長最快的能源,而液化天然氣(Liquefied Natural Gas簡稱LNG)為天然氣的長距離輸送提供了方便、可行的方法。全容式LNG儲罐是目前國際上LNG接收站常用的結構形式,其作為特種結構,一旦遭到地震破壞,不僅威脅人類的生命財產(chǎn)安全,而且對生態(tài)環(huán)境的危害也十分巨大。因此,針對LNG儲罐的動力特性及其地震作用響應分析是LNG儲罐設計的一項重要內(nèi)容。 本文根據(jù)實際LNG儲罐工程實例,利用有限元軟件ANSYS建立160000m3的LNG儲罐精細化模型,主要針對以下幾個方面展開研究工作: 1、以ANSYS有限元軟件為研究平臺,建立了160000m3大型LNG儲罐的精細化模型,確定了相應的單元類型、網(wǎng)格尺寸、邊界條件及材料參數(shù)等;給出了預應力及非預應力鋼筋在有限元模型中的實現(xiàn)方式及液-固耦合方法的建模方式。 2、為獲得大型全容式LNG儲罐的自振特性,利用直接耦合法對液體單元和罐體結構進行流固耦合約束,采用縮減法進行儲罐振動特性分析,獲得了空罐、正常工作時滿液位以及滿液位泄露、半液位泄露四種工況下鋼制內(nèi)罐與預應力混凝土外罐的振動特點和振動周期;分析了液體與罐體相互作用時,液體對罐體結構振動特性的影響及其規(guī)律,掌握了預應力、罐內(nèi)氣壓和底板約束數(shù)量等參數(shù)對外罐結構振動特性的影響規(guī)律。 3、選取El-Centro、Taft以及人工地震動對LNG儲罐結構進行地震響應分析,得到儲罐結構在不同工況、地震動施加方向的結構響應,總結了儲罐的響應特點、結構的受力不利部位,并確定了地震動在結構上的最不利施加方向;計算了考慮地震動作用參與的最不利荷載組合,,通過與靜力荷載效應的對比,得出了地震作用對于LNG結構混凝土外罐占主導地位的結論。 4、利用Winkler地基梁假設,考慮LNG儲罐結構基礎的樁土相互作用,獲得了結構樁土相互作用下的振動特性;采用Deepsoil場地地震反應計算軟件,分析不同類型土層在峰值加速度為220gal的El-Centro和Taft地震動作用下的地震響應;利用各土層的地震反應分析結果,計算樁-土-結構在地震動作用下的響應,對比總結了不同工況、液位、場地土以及樁土相互作用等條件下LNG儲罐混凝土外罐地震響應特點。
[Abstract]:As a result of global energy problems, natural gas will become the fastest growing energy source in the 21st century, while liquefied natural gas (LNG) will provide convenience for long-distance transportation of natural gas. As a special structure, as a special structure, once destroyed by earthquake, it not only threatens the safety of human life and property. Therefore, the analysis of dynamic characteristics and seismic response of LNG tanks is an important content in the design of LNG tanks. In this paper, according to the actual LNG tank engineering example, the finite-element software ANSYS is used to establish the refined model of 160000m3 LNG storage tank, and the research work is mainly carried out in the following aspects:. 1. Based on the ANSYS finite element software, the fine model of 160000m3 large LNG storage tank is established, and the corresponding element types, mesh size, boundary conditions and material parameters are determined. The realization mode of prestressed and unprestressed steel bar in finite element model and the modeling method of liquid-solid coupling method are given. 2. In order to obtain the natural vibration characteristics of large full-capacity LNG tank, the direct coupling method is used to constrain the fluid-solid coupling between the liquid unit and the tank structure, and the reduction method is used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the tank, and the empty tank is obtained. The vibration characteristics and vibration period of steel inner tank and prestressed concrete external tank under four working conditions, full liquid level, full liquid level leakage and half liquid level leakage, are analyzed, and the interaction between liquid and tank body is analyzed. The influence of liquid on the vibration characteristics of tank structure and the influence of prestressing force pressure in tank and the number of bottom plate restraint on vibration characteristics of external tank structure are grasped. 3. El-Centroy Taft and artificial ground motion are selected to analyze the seismic response of LNG storage tank structure. The structural response of the storage tank structure in different working conditions and the direction of ground motion is obtained. The characteristics of the response of the storage tank and the unfavorable position of the structure are summarized. The most unfavorable applied direction of the ground motion in the structure is determined, and the most unfavorable load combination considering the earthquake action is calculated, which is compared with the static load effect. It is concluded that seismic action dominates the concrete tank with LNG structure. 4. Using the Winkler foundation beam hypothesis and considering the pile-soil interaction of the LNG storage tank structure foundation, the vibration characteristics of the structure pile-soil interaction are obtained, and the seismic response calculation software of the Deepsoil site is used. The seismic response of different soil layers under the action of El-Centro and Taft ground motion with peak acceleration of 220gal is analyzed, the response of pile-soil-structure under ground motion is calculated by using the seismic response analysis results of each soil layer, and the different working conditions are compared and summarized. The seismic response characteristics of LNG storage tank concrete outer tank under the condition of liquid level, site soil and pile-soil interaction.
【學位授予單位】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TU352.11;TE972
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