本文選題：臨界滑動面　切入點(diǎn)：豎向地震動　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國是一個地震多發(fā)的國家，地震災(zāi)害居世界之首。汶川地震表明，強(qiáng)震下邊坡失穩(wěn)破壞是最重要的震害形式之一。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者在邊坡地震穩(wěn)定性分析方面做了大量研究。目前，邊坡強(qiáng)震穩(wěn)定性分析方法主要有擬靜力法、Newmark滑塊分析法、數(shù)值分析法、試驗(yàn)法和概率分析法等。擬靜力法因具有概念簡單、工程應(yīng)用方便等優(yōu)勢，在實(shí)際工程中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。但是，傳統(tǒng)的擬靜力法通常預(yù)先假定邊坡滑動面的形狀，，并引入不同的假定條件減少邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析中求解未知量的個數(shù)，借助力和力矩平衡方程，計(jì)算出地震下邊坡安全系數(shù)。但是，這類方法并不能真實(shí)的確定出地震下邊坡滑動面的真實(shí)形狀。顯然，這類方法具有較明顯的誤差。此外，通常假定主要是水平地震慣性力控制著邊坡地震失穩(wěn)破壞，豎向地震動的影響可以忽略。但是，邊坡震害實(shí)例還顯示，豎向地震動對邊坡動力穩(wěn)定性影響顯著。鑒于此，本文根據(jù)土的極限平衡理論，通過理論分析、數(shù)學(xué)解析方法和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的手段，發(fā)展一種能夠準(zhǔn)確地確定邊坡滑動面的真實(shí)幾何形狀和位置，以及考慮土體非均質(zhì)性、孔壓效應(yīng)和豎向地震動作用的邊坡地震穩(wěn)定性分析與滑動面確定方法。本文主要研究工作與取得的若干認(rèn)識如下： （1）考慮豎向地震效應(yīng)的邊坡臨界滑動面簡化方法：依據(jù)極限平衡理論，借助數(shù)學(xué)解析手段，保證地震中邊坡滿足土體應(yīng)力和運(yùn)動學(xué)容許準(zhǔn)則，結(jié)合邊坡變形的幾何相容條件，構(gòu)建出土條的非線性運(yùn)動方程組，采用matlab中fslove函數(shù)進(jìn)行求解，建立能夠確定邊坡地震穩(wěn)定性分析與臨界滑動面的基本理論與尋優(yōu)方法，得到邊坡運(yùn)動學(xué)上容許的最小臨界加速度，確定出邊坡臨界滑動面。應(yīng)用土體強(qiáng)度參數(shù)加權(quán)平均方法考慮土層分界處邊坡的潛在失效機(jī)理，運(yùn)用平均孔壓比法計(jì)算土體孔壓影響效應(yīng)，將上述方法拓展至可考慮土體孔壓效應(yīng)的非均質(zhì)土質(zhì)邊坡中。最后，構(gòu)建了可考慮豎向地震動對邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析與臨界滑動面確定的解析方法。 （2）采用土的彈－塑性多屈服面模型，以及水土動力耦合的有效應(yīng)力原理，通過自由場邊界條件模擬人工邊界，同時為了土體液化分析采用土的兩相介質(zhì)理論，建立了可考慮土體液化效應(yīng)的三維有限元分析模型與相應(yīng)的計(jì)算方法，并驗(yàn)證擬建立分析方法的正確性；據(jù)此開發(fā)了界面友好的前后處理界面的計(jì)算平臺SlopeSAR，分析了強(qiáng)震下邊坡的動力響應(yīng)特征。 （3）最后，通過三維有限元方法計(jì)算結(jié)果檢驗(yàn)簡化方法的正確性，并開展簡化方法在邊坡地震穩(wěn)定性分析與滑動面確定的中應(yīng)用工作，重點(diǎn)討論了簡化方法中求解非線性方程組的方法的收斂性。同時，研究了土體強(qiáng)度對邊坡臨界滑動面的影響，考察了水平增量Δx對單個土條滑動面和邊坡整體滑動面影響，分析了孔壓、土體非均勻性和豎向地震動對邊坡臨界滑動面的影響。
[Abstract]:China is an earthquake-prone country, and the earthquake disaster ranks first in the world. The Wenchuan earthquake shows that. Slope failure under strong earthquake is one of the most important forms of earthquake damage. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on slope seismic stability analysis. At present, the main methods of slope strong earthquake stability analysis are pseudostatic method and Newmark sliding block analysis method. The pseudostatic method is widely used in practical engineering because of its advantages of simple concept and convenient engineering application. However, the traditional pseudostatic method usually presupposes the shape of slope sliding surface. Different assumptions are introduced to reduce the number of unknown variables in slope stability analysis, and the slope safety factor under earthquake is calculated by force and moment equilibrium equations. This kind of method can not really determine the true shape of slope sliding surface under earthquake. Obviously, this kind of method has obvious error. In addition, it is usually assumed that the horizontal seismic inertia forces control the slope seismic instability. The influence of vertical ground motion can be neglected. However, the example of slope earthquake damage also shows that vertical ground motion has a significant effect on the dynamic stability of slope. In view of this, according to the limit equilibrium theory of soil, the paper analyzes the effect of vertical ground motion on slope dynamic stability by theoretical analysis. By combining mathematical analytical method with numerical simulation, a method that can accurately determine the true geometric shape and position of slope sliding surface and consider the heterogeneity of soil is developed. Seismic stability analysis and sliding surface determination method of slope due to pore pressure effect and vertical ground motion. The main research work and some understandings obtained in this paper are as follows:. 1) the simplified method of slope critical sliding surface considering vertical seismic effect: according to the limit equilibrium theory, by means of mathematical analysis, the slope in earthquake meets the soil stress and kinematics tolerance criterion, combined with the geometric compatibility condition of slope deformation. The nonlinear motion equations of unearthed sliver are constructed and solved by fslove function in matlab. The basic theory and optimization method for determining the seismic stability and critical sliding surface of slope are established. The minimum critical acceleration of the slope kinematics is obtained and the critical slip surface is determined. The potential failure mechanism of the slope at the soil boundary is considered by using the weighted average method of soil strength parameters. The average pore pressure ratio method is used to calculate the effect of soil pore pressure, and the above method is extended to the heterogeneous soil slope which can take account of the pore pressure effect of soil. Finally, An analytical method for slope stability analysis and critical sliding surface determination considering vertical ground motion is proposed. (2) adopting the elasto-plastic multi-yield surface model of soil and the effective stress principle of soil and water dynamic coupling, the artificial boundary is simulated by the boundary condition of free field, and the two-phase medium theory of soil is adopted for soil liquefaction analysis. The three-dimensional finite element analysis model and the corresponding calculation method are established to consider the liquefaction effect of soil, and the correctness of the proposed analysis method is verified. Based on this, a calculation platform Slope SAR with friendly interface before and after treatment is developed, and the dynamic response characteristics of slope under strong earthquake are analyzed. Finally, the correctness of the simplified method is verified by the results of the three-dimensional finite element method, and the application of the simplified method to the seismic stability analysis and the determination of the sliding surface of the slope is carried out. The convergence of the simplified method for solving nonlinear equations is discussed, and the influence of soil strength on the critical sliding surface of slope is studied, and the influence of horizontal increment 螖 x on the slip surface of single soil strip and the whole sliding surface of slope is investigated. The influence of pore pressure, soil inhomogeneity and vertical ground motion on the critical sliding surface of slope is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU435

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