本文選題：自然冷源　切入點：峰谷電價　出處：《沈陽建筑大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：能源對世界各國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會進步起著至關(guān)重要的作用。人類社會要想實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,一方面必須充分利用自然能源,積極開發(fā)新的能源；另一方面必須通過科技創(chuàng)新尋求最佳的節(jié)能方式,提高能源的利用效率。建筑能耗在能源消耗總量中占有一定的份額,而以通信基站為代表的高熱密度建筑群由于本身特殊的特點,建筑內(nèi)部設(shè)備散熱量大,需要全年不間斷的制冷以控制室內(nèi)溫度環(huán)境。而空調(diào)系統(tǒng)作為維持通信基站室內(nèi)工作環(huán)境的重要設(shè)備,其耗電量占基站總耗電量的45%以上。因此空調(diào)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能對通信基站建筑節(jié)能有著重要意義。傳統(tǒng)的通信基站利用室外自然冷源(此處指冷空氣)的方式主要有兩種,一是直接引入新風法,而是隔離式熱交換法。相變儲能技術(shù)可以解決能量供求在時間和空間上不匹配,能夠優(yōu)化能源配置,提高能源實際利用率。峰谷電價節(jié)能技術(shù)在我國的應(yīng)用中目前已比較成熟。因此本文基于將峰谷電價、室外自然冷源和相變儲能三種節(jié)能技術(shù)進行耦合,開發(fā)一種新型三元雙向相變儲能換熱模型。根據(jù)氣候分區(qū)和通信基站的特殊環(huán)境要求,本文選取有機相變材料癸酸和月桂酸的混合物,當癸酸含量約為70%時,混合物的相變溫度為19.8℃,屬于室溫相變材料,相變潛熱為126.6J/g。為研究此新型相變蓄冷換熱模塊的熱傳導(dǎo)技術(shù),首先通過數(shù)值模擬手段先對包括相變材料在內(nèi)的兩元換熱進行模擬分析,即單獨相變材料與制冷劑(此處指冷凍水)的單向換熱、相變材料與載冷劑(此處指冷空氣)的雙向換熱,確定了各自最優(yōu)的換熱結(jié)構(gòu)形式,以及最佳尺寸。然后將兩種換熱結(jié)構(gòu)耦合,提出新型高效的三元雙向相變儲能換熱模塊,對其進行數(shù)值模擬分析其換熱過程及蓄放熱時間。并與單獨低谷電價蓄冷和單獨室外冷源蓄冷方式進行了對比,驗證了其優(yōu)勢。最后,將三元雙向相變儲能換熱模塊耦合到新風機組內(nèi),引入傳熱單元數(shù)的計算方法,提出一種綜合考慮相變材料利用率、空氣處理的滿意率和運行費用節(jié)省率來確定相變儲能機組最佳日蓄冷量和運行方案的方法,從運行費用和傳熱性能驗證了新型換熱器的可行性。三元雙向相變儲能設(shè)備冬季可以利用室外冷源實現(xiàn)直接代替空調(diào)對通信基站制冷,維持室溫恒定；夏季夜晚可以利用低谷電價對設(shè)備制冷,補充白天房間的冷量；過渡季節(jié),在部分晝夜溫差大的地區(qū),夜晚可以同時利用室外冷空氣和低谷電價給相變材料制冷,白天釋放冷量,即節(jié)約能源,又能降低制冷機組容量,提高制冷機組利用效率,在節(jié)能方面具有很大的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Energy plays a vital role in the economic development and social progress of all countries in the world. If human society wants to achieve sustainable development, it must make full use of natural energy on the one hand, and actively develop new energy; On the other hand, we must seek the best way to save energy through scientific and technological innovation, and improve the efficiency of energy use. Building energy consumption occupies a certain share of the total energy consumption. And the high heat density buildings represented by the communication base stations, because of their special characteristics, the internal equipment of the buildings has a large amount of heat dissipation. The air conditioning system is an important equipment to maintain the indoor working environment of the communication base station. Its energy consumption accounts for more than 45% of the total power consumption of the base station. Therefore, the energy saving of the air conditioning system is of great significance to the building energy saving of the communication base station. There are two main ways for the traditional communication base station to use the outdoor natural cold air source. One is the direct introduction of the fresh air method, but the isolated heat exchange method. Phase change energy storage technology can solve the mismatch between energy supply and demand in time and space, and can optimize the energy allocation. The application of peak-valley electricity price energy-saving technology in our country is mature at present. Therefore, based on the coupling of peak-valley electricity price, outdoor natural cold source and phase change energy storage technology, the energy conservation technology of peak-valley electricity price, outdoor natural cold source and phase change energy storage has been coupled in this paper. A new ternary bidirectional phase change energy storage heat transfer model is developed. According to the special environmental requirements of climate zoning and communication base stations, a mixture of organic phase change material Sebacic acid and lauric acid is selected, when the content of sebacic acid is about 70. The phase transition temperature of the mixture is 19.8 鈩，

本文編號：1621209