本文選題：旋挖鉆機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：扭振式鉆斗　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前在樁工機(jī)械領(lǐng)域，旋挖鉆機(jī)因其高效、環(huán)保、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)勢，在國家城市、鐵路、公路建設(shè)中長期占據(jù)重要地位�，F(xiàn)有旋挖鉆機(jī)鉆具種類繁多，施工方案以采用扭轉(zhuǎn)鉆具，掛載潛孔錘等破巖工具為主，然而存在施工效率低、成本高等缺陷。因此，本文旨在提出鉆進(jìn)效率高、成本低廉的鉆具解決方案，針對軟石層為代表的地層開發(fā)新型扭振式鉆斗，最終在液壓激振器的帶動(dòng)下，鉆斗具備振動(dòng)和扭轉(zhuǎn)的雙重功能，對于軟巖層具有高效的掘進(jìn)和成孔能力。 首先，基于振動(dòng)發(fā)生機(jī)理的分析，對不同鉆具的掘進(jìn)及其破巖效果進(jìn)行了比較，總結(jié)了扭振式鉆斗“沖擊-回轉(zhuǎn)”破巖方式的高效性與可行性，為本文特種鉆具的應(yīng)用夯實(shí)了理論基礎(chǔ)。 其次，結(jié)合三維實(shí)體模型，進(jìn)一步闡述了液壓扭振式鉆斗的整體結(jié)構(gòu)與核心組成部件，運(yùn)用液壓聯(lián)動(dòng)控制與液壓容積調(diào)速方式，，提出了液壓卷盤與鉆斗升降動(dòng)作匹配的改裝控制方案，提高工作效率的同時(shí)避免了誤操作造成的傷害。 再次，分析了配掛扭振式鉆斗旋挖鉆機(jī)的施工步驟和工作原理，并模擬了該鉆斗在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中可能遇到的問題。同時(shí)對鉆機(jī)及內(nèi)部液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了局部改良，以模塊化理念建立了相應(yīng)改良模塊。鉆機(jī)經(jīng)過改良之后，可配掛扭振式鉆斗并完全發(fā)揮其施工特點(diǎn)。 最后，針對鉆斗切削巖土的受力情況建立了數(shù)學(xué)模型，應(yīng)用ABAQUS軟件動(dòng)態(tài)仿真分析了鉆齒振動(dòng)切削巖層的效果，以及對扭振式鉆斗的激振器偏心塊、減振器的減振彈簧和傘齒輪等核心部件進(jìn)行了有限元分析，并結(jié)合云圖與曲線圖論證了設(shè)計(jì)的合理性與可行性。
[Abstract]:At present, rotary drilling rig plays an important role in the construction of national cities, railways and highways because of its advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and strong adaptability in the field of piling machinery. There are many kinds of drilling tools for rotary drilling rigs. The main methods of construction are twisting drilling tools and downhole hammer, but there are some defects such as low construction efficiency and high cost. Therefore, this paper aims to put forward a new drilling tool solution with high drilling efficiency and low cost. A new type of torsional vibration drill bucket is developed for the stratum represented by soft rock layer. Finally, driven by hydraulic vibration exciter, the drill bucket has the dual functions of vibration and torsion, and it has high efficiency in driving and forming holes for soft rock formation. Firstly, based on the analysis of the mechanism of vibration, this paper compares the tunneling and rock breaking effect of different drilling tools, and summarizes the high efficiency and feasibility of the "percussion-rotary" rock breaking mode of torsional vibratory drill bucket. The theoretical basis for the application of special drilling tools in this paper is laid down. Secondly, combined with the three-dimensional solid model, the integral structure and core components of the hydraulic torsional vibration drill bucket are further expounded, and the hydraulic linkage control and hydraulic volumetric speed regulation mode are used. The modification control scheme of matching the hydraulic reel with the lifting action of the drill bucket is put forward to improve the working efficiency and avoid the harm caused by the misoperation. Thirdly, the construction procedure and working principle of rotary drilling rig with torsional vibration are analyzed, and the problems that may be encountered in practical application are simulated. At the same time, the local improvement of drilling rig and internal hydraulic system is carried out. With the idea of modularization, the corresponding improved module is established. After the improvement, the drilling rig can be matched with the torsional vibration drill bucket and give full play to its construction characteristics. Finally, the mathematical model of cutting rock and soil with drill bucket is established, and the effect of cutting rock layer with vibration of drilling teeth and the eccentric block of exciter of torsional bucket are analyzed by using ABAQUS software. The vibration absorber spring and bevel gear are analyzed by finite element method, and the rationality and feasibility of the design are proved by using cloud diagram and curve diagram.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU67

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本文編號：1563964