本文關(guān)鍵詞： 巖石力學(xué) 聲發(fā)射 紅外輻射 水　出處：《河北聯(lián)合大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)是巖石受力災(zāi)變引發(fā)礦山災(zāi)害的多發(fā)與頻發(fā)國(guó)家，水是影響上述災(zāi)害發(fā)生的重要因素，巖石受力災(zāi)變監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警是其防災(zāi)減災(zāi)的關(guān)鍵。圍繞與水有關(guān)的巖石破裂災(zāi)害問題，以實(shí)驗(yàn)研究為基本手段，通過干燥、自然、自然飽和狀態(tài)下的粉砂巖、花崗巖、玄武巖單軸聲發(fā)射與紅外輻射觀測(cè)分析實(shí)驗(yàn)，比較分析了在不同含水狀態(tài)下巖石破壞過程聲發(fā)射特征與紅外輻射特征的異同。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)聲發(fā)射事件率與絕對(duì)能量之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了皮爾遜積矩相關(guān)系數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，對(duì)紅外觀測(cè)面的紅外輻射最高溫度和最低溫度進(jìn)行了歸一化分析，結(jié)合場(chǎng)發(fā)射掃描電子顯微鏡得到的巖石微觀結(jié)構(gòu)信息，對(duì)三種巖石的力學(xué)、聲發(fā)射、紅外輻射特征與其結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析，得到以下結(jié)論： 1）多孔狀粉砂巖的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度隨含水量的增大急劇降低，整體結(jié)構(gòu)玄武巖緩慢下降，而層狀結(jié)構(gòu)花崗巖受其層理結(jié)構(gòu)的影響更為明顯。 2）花崗巖、玄武巖三種狀態(tài)下聲發(fā)射事件率都存在平靜期，且其存在時(shí)間占破壞全過程時(shí)間的比例都會(huì)隨含水量的增加而減少。粉砂巖在干燥狀態(tài)下存在較短的平靜期，自然與自然飽和狀態(tài)下均無(wú)平靜期。多孔狀態(tài)粉砂巖與整體結(jié)構(gòu)玄武巖平靜期總體偏短。 3）三種巖石的破裂都是由大破裂導(dǎo)致的，微破裂只是其誘導(dǎo)因素。 4）三種巖石都適合用最高輻射溫度表現(xiàn)其紅外輻射特征，且隨含水量增大同種巖石紅外輻射特征趨同性增強(qiáng)。 5）干燥粉砂巖、自然花崗巖紅外指數(shù)符合一次曲線特征；干燥、自然玄武巖及干燥花崗巖紅外指數(shù)符合二次曲線特征；自然狀態(tài)粉砂巖紅外指數(shù)符合傅里葉級(jí)數(shù)方程；自然飽和狀態(tài)的粉砂巖、花崗巖、玄武巖的紅外指數(shù)曲線特征復(fù)雜，但各自趨勢(shì)明顯；紅外指數(shù)偏離曲線趨勢(shì)的特征預(yù)示巖石即將破壞。 6）對(duì)三種巖石的災(zāi)變預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)合力學(xué)、聲發(fā)射及紅外指數(shù)三種方法，可以提高預(yù)測(cè)的精度及準(zhǔn)度。 研究得到的巖石破裂失穩(wěn)過程中的聲發(fā)射、紅外輻射特征及其相互關(guān)系，水對(duì)巖石破裂失穩(wěn)過程聲發(fā)射與紅外輻射特征的影響，能為礦山災(zāi)害和巖石工程災(zāi)害的監(jiān)測(cè)、預(yù)警提供理論與技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:China is a country with frequent mining disasters caused by rock stress disasters. Water is an important factor affecting the occurrence of the above-mentioned disasters. Monitoring and early warning of rock stress disasters is the key to its disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the experimental study, the experiments of uniaxial acoustic emission and infrared radiation analysis of siltstone, granite and basalt in dry, natural and naturally saturated state are carried out. The characteristics of acoustic emission (AE) and infrared radiation (IR) during rock failure under different water-bearing conditions are compared and analyzed. On this basis, the correlation coefficient of Pearson moment between AE event rate and absolute energy is calculated. In this paper, the maximum and lowest infrared radiation temperatures of infrared observation surface are normalized analyzed, and the mechanical and acoustic emission of three kinds of rocks are studied by combining the microscopic structure information of rock obtained by field emission scanning electron microscope. The relationship between infrared radiation characteristics and its structure is analyzed, and the following conclusions are obtained:. 1) the uniaxial compressive strength of porous siltstone decreases sharply with the increase of water content, and the whole structure basalt decreases slowly, while the layered granite is affected more obviously by its bedding structure. 2) under the three states of granite and basalt, the acoustic emission event rate has a quiet period, and the proportion of the time of its existence to the whole process of destruction decreases with the increase of water content. The siltstone has a short quiet period in dry state. There is no calming period in both natural and natural saturated state. The quiet period of porous siltstone and structural basalt is short in general. 3) the three kinds of rock rupture are caused by the great rupture, and the microfracture is only the inductive factor. 4) all the three kinds of rocks are suitable to display their infrared radiation characteristics with the highest radiation temperature, and the convergence of infrared radiation characteristics of the same rock increases with the increase of water content. 5) the infrared index of dry siltstone and natural granite accords with the first order curve, the infrared index of dry, natural basalt and dried granite accords with quadratic curve, the infrared index of natural siltstone accords with Fourier series equation; The infrared exponent curves of naturally saturated siltstone, granite and basalt are complex, but their tendency is obvious, and the characteristic of infrared index deviating from curve trend indicates that rock is about to be destroyed. 6) the prediction accuracy and accuracy can be improved by combining the three methods of rock catastrophe prediction with mechanics, acoustic emission and infrared index. The characteristics of acoustic emission, infrared radiation and their relationships during rock failure and instability are studied. The effects of water on the characteristics of acoustic emission and infrared radiation during rock rupture and instability can be used to monitor mine and rock engineering disasters. Early warning provides theoretical and technical basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北聯(lián)合大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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