本文關(guān)鍵詞： 嚴(yán)寒地區(qū) 太陽能供暖 槽式太陽能集熱器 燃?xì)忮仩t 模擬研究 系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：能源資源日益匱乏與生態(tài)環(huán)境急劇惡化已經(jīng)成為人類社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)，新能源與可再生能源的開發(fā)與應(yīng)用將是解決能源與環(huán)境問題的關(guān)鍵措施。太陽能作為一種清潔無污染的可再生能源，日益受到人們的廣泛重視；特別是我國嚴(yán)寒及寒冷地區(qū)，太陽能采暖對減少常規(guī)能源消耗和緩解空氣污染具有顯著意義，將為地區(qū)的節(jié)能和環(huán)保工作做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。 本文提出了一種槽式太陽能集熱器與燃?xì)忮仩t相結(jié)合的新型供暖系統(tǒng)，解決了傳統(tǒng)太陽能集熱器在寒區(qū)應(yīng)用時熱損大、效率低、難防凍、易堵塞、易爆管等問題；本文以嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)為例對該新型供暖系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行特性進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的模擬研究，并通過各部件以及相關(guān)控制措施的優(yōu)化實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)最大的節(jié)能效益與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。 首先，詳細(xì)闡述了槽式太陽能集熱器與燃?xì)忮仩t聯(lián)合供暖系統(tǒng)的工作原理，，以哈爾濱河柏小區(qū)某棟節(jié)能改造后的住宅建筑為例，對供暖系統(tǒng)各部件進(jìn)行了計(jì)算選型，包括太陽能集熱系統(tǒng)、建筑供暖系統(tǒng)以及各換熱設(shè)備的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)與安裝分析；同時，提出了多種運(yùn)行模式和相應(yīng)的控制策略，使系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行更加合理。 其次，基于熱力學(xué)基本定律以及相關(guān)數(shù)理知識，對系統(tǒng)各部件建立了準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)學(xué)模型，利用MATLAB軟件編程模擬分析了系統(tǒng)在哈爾濱典型氣象年采暖季的運(yùn)行特性。深入研究了建筑負(fù)荷與有效得熱量關(guān)系、集熱效率、系統(tǒng)太陽能保證率、蓄熱水箱溫度、各模式運(yùn)行時間、系統(tǒng)供熱量及其能耗與經(jīng)濟(jì)性等內(nèi)容，對系統(tǒng)的整體運(yùn)行性能進(jìn)行了綜合評估。 最后，從集熱器面積、蓄熱水箱容積、系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行控制三個方面對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化，進(jìn)一步提升系統(tǒng)性能；經(jīng)整體優(yōu)化之后，系統(tǒng)的太陽能保證率得到明顯提升，節(jié)能與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益更加顯著。 本課題屬于“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目課題《典型氣候區(qū)既有居住建筑綠色化改造技術(shù)研究與工程示范》（NO.2012BAJ06B02）的部分內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:The shortage of energy resources and the rapid deterioration of ecological environment have become a severe challenge to the sustainable development of human society. The development and application of new and renewable energy will be the key measures to solve the problem of energy and environment. As a clean and pollution-free renewable energy, solar energy has been paid more and more attention, especially in cold and cold regions of China. Solar heating has a significant effect on reducing the consumption of conventional energy and alleviating air pollution and will make important contributions to the work of energy saving and environmental protection in the region. In this paper, a new type of heating system combining trough solar collector with gas boiler is put forward, which solves the problems of large heat loss, low efficiency, difficult freezing resistance, easy clogging and explosive tube when the traditional solar energy collector is applied in cold region. In this paper, the operation characteristics of the new heating system are simulated and studied in detail, and the maximum energy saving benefit and economic benefit of the system are realized through the optimization of each component and related control measures. First of all, the working principle of the combined heating system of trough solar collector and gas-fired boiler is expounded in detail. Taking an energy-saving residential building in Harbin River Park District as an example, the heating system components are calculated and selected. It includes the detailed design and installation analysis of solar energy collector system, building heating system and each heat exchanger. At the same time, various operation modes and corresponding control strategies are put forward to make the system run more reasonably. Secondly, based on the basic laws of thermodynamics and related mathematical knowledge, an accurate mathematical model is established for each component of the system. The operating characteristics of the system in typical meteorological annual heating season in Harbin are simulated and analyzed by using MATLAB software. The relationship between building load and effective heat, heat collection efficiency, system solar energy guarantee rate, temperature of heat storage tank are deeply studied. The overall performance of the system is comprehensively evaluated by the operation time of each mode, the heat supply of the system and the energy consumption and economy of the system. Finally, the system is optimized from three aspects of collector area, storage tank volume and system operation control, and the system performance is further improved. After the overall optimization, the solar energy guarantee rate of the system is obviously improved. Energy conservation and economic benefits are more significant. This subject belongs to the part of the "12th Five-Year" National Science and Technology support Program project "Research and Engineering demonstration of Green Transformation of existing Residential buildings in typical Climate area" (no. 2012BAJ06B02).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU832

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