本文關(guān)鍵詞： 書院 書院園林 江西書院 選址 園林要素 造園　出處：《江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：書院是我國封建社會(huì)特有的一種文化教育組織，其教育形式既有別于官學(xué)和私學(xué)，同時(shí)又源于兩者。書院興起于唐朝，到了宋朝得以盛行，發(fā)展至明清時(shí)期便廣為普及。作為綜合性的教育組織，書院在長期的發(fā)展中完備了“教學(xué)、藏書、祭祀”三大功能，并一直受到宗教文化的強(qiáng)烈影響，有著深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)。書院園林的建造深受我國傳統(tǒng)園林的影響，在環(huán)境選擇以及空間營造中形成獨(dú)具特色的園林形式，并散發(fā)著獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)魅力。 江西的書院在歷史上頗有地位，不僅數(shù)量眾多，部分書院在全國范圍內(nèi)都負(fù)有名望。江西古書院園林在文人園林的基礎(chǔ)上融合了多種文化，其建造的形式也表現(xiàn)出多樣的文化特征。江西古書院園林在選址中特別重視自然環(huán)境的優(yōu)劣，表現(xiàn)為對名山勝水的熱衷，同時(shí)也深受宗教文化以及古代堪輿文化的影響。在空間布局上遵循著儒家“禮樂相承”的價(jià)值思想以及“因地制宜”的環(huán)境觀，其空間形態(tài)表現(xiàn)為主從分明、內(nèi)外有序、規(guī)則內(nèi)斂的特征。江西古書院園林在造園要素的設(shè)計(jì)上除了滿足一定的功能與觀賞的需求外，更增加了文化意境的隱喻，著重表達(dá)了其文化內(nèi)涵。書院采用了多種傳統(tǒng)園林的理景手法，主要包括空間對比、引導(dǎo)暗示、借景、框景、對景等，豐富其空間的趣味性。江西古書院園林所營造的淡雅質(zhì)樸的環(huán)境，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)了文人淡泊塵世的人生態(tài)度以及托物言志的高雅情趣。 本文通過文獻(xiàn)查閱、實(shí)地調(diào)研等方法，對書院及書院園林的概念加以詮釋，并對書院的起源發(fā)展以及江西古書院的歷史沿革進(jìn)行了梳理。對影響江西古書院選址的環(huán)境因素、文化因素、自然因素進(jìn)行分析，，從而更全面的把握書院園林的本質(zhì)特征；在江西古書院園林的空間研究中，分別從空間構(gòu)成、形態(tài)特征、布局特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了比較分析；由書院園林中山水、建筑、植物、道路鋪裝、豎向、景觀構(gòu)筑物六大造園要素著手，分析其造園的一般規(guī)律；對其理景手法的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行歸納研究，總結(jié)其園林藝術(shù)之個(gè)性。最后對江西古書院園林造園的一般特點(diǎn)及規(guī)律進(jìn)行總結(jié)，希望借此研究能夠?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代園林規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)給予啟示。
[Abstract]:Academy of Classical Learning is a special cultural and educational organization in feudal society of our country. Its educational forms are different from both official and private schools, but also originate from both. The academy rose in the Tang Dynasty and became popular in the Song Dynasty. During the period of Ming and Qing dynasties, the academy, as a comprehensive educational organization, had three functions of "teaching, collecting books and offering sacrifices," and was strongly influenced by religious culture. The construction of academy garden is deeply influenced by the traditional garden in our country. It forms the unique garden form in the environment choice and the space construction, and exudes the unique artistic charm. The academies in Jiangxi have a very important position in history, not only in a large number, but also in a number of academies, some of which are famous throughout the country. The gardens of Jiangxi ancient academies have a variety of cultures on the basis of literati gardens. The forms of its construction also showed a variety of cultural characteristics. Jiangxi ancient academy gardens paid special attention to the advantages and disadvantages of the natural environment in the site selection, which was manifested by the keen interest in famous mountains and rivers. At the same time, it is also deeply influenced by religious culture and ancient geographical culture. In the space layout, it follows the Confucian value thought of "courtesy and music bearing on each other" and the environmental view of "taking measures according to local conditions". The design of the garden elements of Jiangxi ancient academy not only meets the demand of certain function and appreciation, but also increases the metaphor of cultural conception. The academy has adopted a variety of traditional landscaping techniques, including spatial contrast, guidance and suggestion, landscape borrowing, frame view, landscape contrast, etc. The simple and elegant environment created by Jiangxi ancient academy garden emphasizes the literati's indifferent attitude towards life and the elegant taste of antiquities. Through literature review, field investigation and other methods, this paper interprets the concepts of academies and gardens, combs the origin and development of academies and the historical evolution of Jiangxi ancient academies, and analyzes the environmental factors that affect the location of ancient academies in Jiangxi. Cultural factors and natural factors are analyzed in order to grasp the essential characteristics of academy gardens more comprehensively. In the space research of Jiangxi ancient academy gardens, the characteristics of space composition, form characteristics and layout are compared and analyzed respectively. From the college garden landscape, architecture, plants, road pavement, vertical, landscape structure six major elements of landscape, analysis of its general rules of gardening, the application of landscape management techniques are summarized, Finally, the author summarizes the general characteristics and rules of the garden construction in Jiangxi ancient academy, and hopes that the study can be used as an inspiration for the planning and design of modern gardens.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU-098.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 馮玉能;;現(xiàn)代大學(xué)校園園林建設(shè)對傳統(tǒng)書院園林的借鑒闡述[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2011年24期

2 馬玉紅;中國書院精神探析[J];文史博覽;2005年14期

3 邵國榔;竹山書院建筑藝術(shù)初探[J];古建園林技術(shù);1997年01期

4 王炳照;;書院精神的傳承與創(chuàng)新[J];華東師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(教育科學(xué)版);2008年01期

5 柳肅;李哲;;岳麓書院古建筑修復(fù)設(shè)計(jì)的文化思考[J];華中建筑;2010年04期

6 謝晶;;論書院學(xué)規(guī)的思想內(nèi)涵[J];當(dāng)代教育論壇(上半月刊);2009年12期

7 萬書元;簡論書院建筑的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格[J];南京理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年02期

8 鄧洪波;;晚清書院改制的新觀察[J];湖南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年06期

9 曹婧;;書院精神與今日大學(xué)的價(jià)值重建[J];大學(xué)教育科學(xué);2013年04期

10 柳肅;;岳麓書院——湖湘建筑藝術(shù)的奇葩[J];建筑與文化;2005年07期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李勁松;北宋書院研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2009年

本文編號(hào)：1525868