本文關(guān)鍵詞： 風(fēng)雪兩相流 數(shù)值模擬 歐拉混合模型 拉格朗日隨機(jī)模型 風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn) 模型相似律 屋面 積雪分布　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：介紹了風(fēng)吹雪帶來(lái)的自然災(zāi)害,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了分類和回顧,總結(jié)并歸納了風(fēng)吹雪的基本理論,并進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要分析。對(duì)若干種典型屋面的建筑結(jié)構(gòu),通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬和風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)兩種途徑對(duì)風(fēng)致屋面積雪分布進(jìn)行了研究,主要內(nèi)容如下：1.基于歐拉兩流體混合模型和Wilcox最新改進(jìn)的κ-ω湍流模型,開(kāi)發(fā)風(fēng)雪兩相流數(shù)值模擬分析程序Snow2D。模擬中為考慮積雪對(duì)流動(dòng)的影響,計(jì)算區(qū)域的積雪邊界采用了時(shí)變自適應(yīng)變形技術(shù)。為提高計(jì)算過(guò)程的穩(wěn)健,程序中還應(yīng)用了一些較新的數(shù)值方法,并對(duì)程序進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。2.利用Snow2D對(duì)一典型階梯形屋面及兩種斜坡屋面的風(fēng)致屋面積雪分布進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,分析了屋面流動(dòng)特性,獲得了若干狀態(tài)下屋面的積雪系數(shù)以及屋面雪深分布隨時(shí)間發(fā)展歷程,分析了不同入流速度比對(duì)屋面積雪分布特性的影響。3.基于拉格朗日隨機(jī)模型和Snow2D單相流模式,開(kāi)發(fā)了風(fēng)致雪粒遷移運(yùn)動(dòng)模擬分析程序,通過(guò)PDF隨機(jī)采樣模擬了粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)的Monte Carlo過(guò)程。采用粒子單元位置的優(yōu)化搜索方法,提高了程序計(jì)算效率�？疾炝瞬煌Ｗ哟笮〖安煌L(fēng)速對(duì)雪粒運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響,然后對(duì)典型階梯形屋面的積雪分布進(jìn)行模擬,考察了屋面的積雪效率,獲得了屋面積雪分布隨時(shí)間發(fā)展歷程。4.從幾何、運(yùn)動(dòng)以及動(dòng)力學(xué)等方面,分析了風(fēng)吹雪風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ托枰獫M足的模型相似律,歸納了模型主要相似性參數(shù)。5.采用細(xì)石英砂作為吹雪模型粒子,對(duì)一典型階梯形屋面及兩種斜坡屋面的風(fēng)致屋面積雪分布進(jìn)行了風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)研究。首先對(duì)流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了測(cè)量,分析了運(yùn)動(dòng)粒子對(duì)流動(dòng)的影響,然后對(duì)若干種工況下的屋面積雪分布進(jìn)行風(fēng)洞模擬試驗(yàn),測(cè)量了不同時(shí)間、風(fēng)速以及風(fēng)向角下的屋面粒子分布特性,并對(duì)屋面粒子質(zhì)量流率與風(fēng)速及風(fēng)向角的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析。6.對(duì)積雪分布數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果以及風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與文獻(xiàn)中的觀測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了綜合比較,并與國(guó)內(nèi)外建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范中的相關(guān)條文進(jìn)行了對(duì)比和分析。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces the natural disasters caused by wind and snow, classifies and reviews the relevant research literature at home and abroad, summarizes and summarizes the basic theory of wind and snow blowing. Through numerical simulation and wind tunnel test, the distribution of snow cover on wind-induced roof is studied by means of numerical simulation and wind tunnel test. The main contents are as follows: 1. Based on Euler's two-fluid mixing model and Wilcox's newly improved 魏-蠅 turbulence model. In order to consider the influence of snow cover on the flow, the time-varying adaptive deformation technique is used to calculate the snow cover boundary in order to improve the robustness of the calculation process. Some new numerical methods are also used in the program, and the program is verified. 2. The distribution of snow cover caused by wind in a typical stepped roof and two kinds of sloping roof is simulated by Snow2D. The characteristics of roof flow are analyzed, and the snow coefficient and snow depth distribution over time are obtained. Based on the Lagrangian stochastic model and Snow2D single-phase flow model, a simulation analysis program for the movement of wind-induced snow particles is developed. The Monte Carlo process of particle motion is simulated by PDF random sampling, and the optimal searching method of particle unit position is adopted. The effect of different particle size and different wind speed on the snow particle movement is investigated. Then the snow cover distribution of typical stepped roof is simulated and the snow cover efficiency is investigated. The history of snow cover distribution over time is obtained. 4. The similarity law of wind tunnel model is analyzed from geometry, motion and dynamics. The main similarity parameters of the model. 5. The fine quartz sand is used as the snow blowing model particle. The wind tunnel experimental study on the snow distribution of a typical stepped roof and two kinds of sloping roofs is carried out. Firstly, the flow field is measured, and the effect of moving particles on the flow is analyzed. Then the wind tunnel simulation test was carried out on the snow cover distribution under several operating conditions, and the particle distribution characteristics of the roof under different time, wind speed and wind direction angle were measured. The relationship between the mass flow rate of roof particle and wind speed and wind direction angle is analyzed. 6. The numerical simulation results of snow cover distribution and the results of wind tunnel test are compared with the observed results in literature. The comparison and analysis are made with the relevant provisions of the load code for building structures at home and abroad.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU312.1

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