本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于改進(jìn)混合蛙跳算法的給水管網(wǎng)改擴(kuò)建優(yōu)化模型研究　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 給水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng) 混合蛙跳算法（SFLA） 需水量預(yù)測(cè) 可靠度

【摘要】：城市給水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)是城市的生命線工程，是連接用戶與給水廠的橋梁。然而隨著工作年限的增加，，給水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了腐蝕嚴(yán)重、爆管頻繁、二次污染問(wèn)題，使得管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的改擴(kuò)建十分必要而迫切。管網(wǎng)改擴(kuò)建模型的科學(xué)與否不僅關(guān)乎居民的用水需求，也影響著城市給水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)和運(yùn)行維修費(fèi)用。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，提出利用新穎的混合蛙跳算法來(lái)對(duì)給水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)改擴(kuò)建進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。 1）混合蛙跳算法（SFLA）作為新興的群智能隨機(jī)搜索優(yōu)化算法，結(jié)合了微粒群算法和模因算法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可維持局部開發(fā)能力和全局尋優(yōu)能力的平衡，具有概念簡(jiǎn)單、參數(shù)少、全局尋優(yōu)能力強(qiáng)、魯棒性好的特點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)混合蛙跳算法的局部搜索隨機(jī)性差，步長(zhǎng)大小波動(dòng)性大的缺陷，分別提出措施來(lái)改進(jìn)混合蛙跳算法，使其更趨完善。 2）城市中長(zhǎng)期需水量的準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)是城市給水管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)改擴(kuò)建優(yōu)化的前提和基礎(chǔ)。本文利用SFLA來(lái)優(yōu)化BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連接權(quán)值和閾值，從而建立SFLA-BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)，來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)城市的中長(zhǎng)期需水量。以西南某市為實(shí)例，首先運(yùn)用SPSS對(duì)影響水量的因素進(jìn)行主成分分析來(lái)得到主要影響因素，然后利用SFLA-BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)進(jìn)行需水量預(yù)測(cè)，較之BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)和PSO-BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)，SFLA-BP網(wǎng)絡(luò)的計(jì)算時(shí)間更短，預(yù)測(cè)精度更高，從而驗(yàn)證了SFLA良好的計(jì)算性能和全局搜索能力。 3）基于改進(jìn)的SFLA來(lái)建立管網(wǎng)改擴(kuò)建的優(yōu)化模型，并在目標(biāo)函數(shù)中除經(jīng)濟(jì)性外，引入水力可靠性和熵值可靠性，同時(shí)利用分目標(biāo)乘除法將多目標(biāo)函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為單目標(biāo)函數(shù)，以MATLAB為平臺(tái)，X市為工程實(shí)例，用傳統(tǒng)模型作為對(duì)照，計(jì)算兩模型在最不利、消防和事故時(shí)的水力狀況，進(jìn)而比較兩模型的經(jīng)濟(jì)性指標(biāo)、可靠度指標(biāo)和綜合指標(biāo)，結(jié)果表明，較之傳統(tǒng)模型： ①優(yōu)化模型得到的設(shè)計(jì)方案的平均年動(dòng)力費(fèi)用和新建水廠的年費(fèi)用折算值，費(fèi)用高一些，但管網(wǎng)建造維修年費(fèi)用要低很多，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，優(yōu)化模型得到的設(shè)計(jì)方案比傳統(tǒng)模型節(jié)省約6%的費(fèi)用。 ②優(yōu)化模型得到的設(shè)計(jì)方案的熵值可靠度與傳統(tǒng)模型近似，但有更好的水力可靠度。 ③對(duì)于綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)—單位可靠度所需的費(fèi)用，優(yōu)化模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果更低，驗(yàn)證了基于改進(jìn)SFLA的給水管網(wǎng)改擴(kuò)建優(yōu)化模型在實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用中的可行性和優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:The urban water supply network system is the lifeline project of the city, it is the bridge between the user and the water supply plant. However, with the increase of the working life, the water supply network system has the problems of serious corrosion, frequent pipe burst and secondary pollution. It is very necessary and urgent to rebuild and extend the pipe network system. The scientific model of the network reconstruction and extension model is not only related to the water demand of the residents. On the basis of previous studies, a novel hybrid leapfrog algorithm is proposed to optimize the reconstruction and expansion of urban water supply network system. 1) the hybrid leapfrog algorithm (SFLAs), as a new swarm intelligence random search optimization algorithm, combines the advantages of particle swarm optimization algorithm and meme algorithm, and can maintain the balance between local development ability and global optimization ability. It has the advantages of simple concept, few parameters, strong global optimization ability and good robustness. In this paper, the local search randomness of the hybrid leapfrog algorithm is poor, and the step size is volatile. Measures are proposed to improve the hybrid leapfrog algorithm to make it more perfect. 2) accurate prediction of medium and long term urban water demand is the premise and foundation of urban water supply network reconstruction and expansion optimization. This paper uses SFLA to optimize the connection weight and threshold of BP neural network. SFLA-BP network is established to predict the medium and long term water demand of the city. Taking a city in southwest China as an example, the principal component analysis of the factors affecting the water quantity is carried out by using SPSS to get the main influencing factors. Then the SFLA-BP network is used to predict the water demand. Compared with BP network and PSO-BP network, the calculation time is shorter and the prediction accuracy is higher. Thus, the good computing performance and global search ability of SFLA are verified. 3) based on the improved SFLA, the optimization model of pipe network reconstruction and extension is established, and the hydraulic reliability and entropy reliability are introduced into the objective function besides economy. At the same time, the multi-objective function is transformed into a single-objective function by the method of sub-objective multiplication and division. Taking MATLAB as the platform and the city of X as an engineering example, the two models are calculated in the most disadvantageous way, compared with the traditional model. The hydraulic status of fire protection and accident is compared, and the economic index, reliability index and comprehensive index of the two models are compared. The results show that compared with the traditional model: 1 the average annual power cost of the design scheme obtained by the optimization model and the annual cost conversion value of the new water plant are higher, but the annual cost of pipe network construction and maintenance is much lower. The cost of the optimized model is about 6% less than that of the traditional model. (2) the entropy reliability of the optimization model is similar to that of the traditional model, but it has better hydraulic reliability. (3) for the cost of unit reliability, the result of optimization model is lower. The feasibility and superiority of the water supply network reconstruction and extension optimization model based on improved SFLA are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.33

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