本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于有限元分析的雙小車(chē)橋式起重機(jī)主梁優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與軟件開(kāi)發(fā)　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 雙小車(chē)橋式起重機(jī) 主梁 參數(shù)化建模 有限元分析 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 軟件開(kāi)發(fā)

【摘要】：起重機(jī)械是現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)中非常重要的輔助工具設(shè)備,廣泛應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)中的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。雙小車(chē)橋式起重機(jī)作為一種新型起重機(jī)械,主要用于起吊大跨度重物的工作場(chǎng)合,具有充分利用橋架下空間、運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)、安全性和工作效率高以及使用簡(jiǎn)便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。主梁作為起重機(jī)的主要元件,對(duì)其整體安全性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性起決定性作用。目前主梁普遍存在結(jié)構(gòu)笨重、材料浪費(fèi)等問(wèn)題,嚴(yán)重影響雙小車(chē)橋式起重機(jī)的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。 本文以雙小車(chē)橋式起重機(jī)的組合型主梁(鋼板與工字鋼)為研究對(duì)象,基于有限元方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并完成軟件開(kāi)發(fā),具體工作主要有： (1)建立三維參數(shù)化模型,并對(duì)主梁結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元分析�；趨�(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)思想,建立主梁結(jié)構(gòu)的三維參數(shù)化有限元模型,通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的參數(shù)控制實(shí)現(xiàn)快速建模；開(kāi)展起重機(jī)在負(fù)荷下的試驗(yàn)研究,驗(yàn)證參數(shù)化模型；利用參數(shù)化有限元模型,對(duì)主梁進(jìn)行不同工況下的靜力分析,并運(yùn)用弧長(zhǎng)算法和非線(xiàn)性穩(wěn)定算法,預(yù)測(cè)主梁結(jié)構(gòu)的極限承載能力,通過(guò)上述有限元分析確定主梁承載裕量； (2)基于有限元分析結(jié)果,運(yùn)用ANSYS-APDL語(yǔ)言及其優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)模塊,對(duì)主梁結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。以主梁自重輕量化為目標(biāo),以滿(mǎn)足結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度和剛度要求為約束條件,利用所建立的參數(shù)化模型,采用不同優(yōu)化算法,對(duì)組合型主梁進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)；優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明在既定的安全裕量下結(jié)構(gòu)的承載能力能夠得到更好發(fā)揮,主梁自重減輕,且強(qiáng)度和剛度仍滿(mǎn)足要求； (3)整合研究成果,開(kāi)發(fā)完成“雙小車(chē)橋式起重機(jī)主梁結(jié)構(gòu)分析與優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)”�；贛ATLAB軟件的圖形用戶(hù)界面開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境,建立人機(jī)交互界面,通過(guò)在界面內(nèi)對(duì)ANSYS軟件的調(diào)用,實(shí)現(xiàn)主梁的參數(shù)化建模、極限承載能力預(yù)測(cè)和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并最終形成可獨(dú)立運(yùn)行的二次開(kāi)發(fā)軟件,為同類(lèi)型起重機(jī)主梁的結(jié)構(gòu)分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供操作簡(jiǎn)捷的軟件平臺(tái)。 上述研究工作為不同類(lèi)型起重機(jī)的主梁結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論和技術(shù)參考,對(duì)于提升輕量化設(shè)計(jì)水平和保障其安全、高效運(yùn)行具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Lifting machinery is a very important auxiliary tool equipment in modern production. It is widely used in various fields of production activities. It is mainly used for lifting large span heavy objects, with the advantages of making full use of the space under the bridge frame, running smoothly, high safety and working efficiency, and easy to use. The main beam is the main component of crane. It plays a decisive role in the overall safety and economy of the crane. At present, there are some problems such as heavy structure and waste of materials in the main girder, which seriously affect the development and application of the double trolley bridge crane. In this paper, the combined main girder (steel plate and I-beam) of the double trolley crane is taken as the research object, the structure analysis and optimization design are carried out based on the finite element method, and the software development is completed. The main work is as follows:. 1) the three-dimensional parameterized model is established, and the finite element analysis of the main beam structure is carried out. Based on the idea of parameterized design, the three-dimensional parametric finite element model of the main beam structure is established. Fast modeling is realized by simple parameter control. Carry out the test research of crane under the load, verify the parameterized model; By using parameterized finite element model, the static analysis of main beam under different working conditions is carried out, and the ultimate bearing capacity of main girder structure is predicted by arc length algorithm and nonlinear stability algorithm. The bearing margin of the main beam is determined by the above finite element analysis. 2) based on the results of finite element analysis, ANSYS-APDL language and its optimization design module are used to optimize the design of the main beam structure, with the light weight of the main beam as the target. In order to meet the requirements of structural strength and stiffness, the optimal design of composite main beam is carried out by using the parameterized model and different optimization algorithms. The optimization results show that the load-bearing capacity of the structure can be better brought into play, the weight of the main beam can be reduced, and the strength and stiffness can still meet the requirements under the given safety margin. 3) integrate the research results, develop and complete the platform for structural analysis and optimization design of the main girder of the double-trolley crane. The graphical user interface development environment based on MATLAB software is established to establish the man-machine interface. By calling the ANSYS software in the interface, the parametric modeling of the main beam, the prediction of the ultimate bearing capacity and the optimization design are realized. Finally, the secondary development software which can run independently is formed. It provides a simple and convenient software platform for the structural analysis and optimization design of the same type crane girder. The above work provides a theoretical and technical reference for the optimization design of the main girder structure of different types of cranes. It is of great significance to enhance the level of lightweight design and ensure its safety and efficient operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH215

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