本文關(guān)鍵詞：液壓打樁錘沖擊噪聲抑制技術(shù)研究　出處：《中南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 液壓打樁錘 組合樁錘 量綱分析 沖擊力 沖擊噪聲 噪聲抑制 隔聲罩

【摘要】：摘要：液壓打樁錘由于具有與液壓靜力壓樁機(jī)同等高速、高效的優(yōu)點(diǎn),重量和體積及消耗原材料不到液壓靜力壓樁機(jī)的四分之一的特性,同時(shí)與柴油打樁錘相比具有平均施工速度提高1倍以上和不存在柴油燃燒廢氣污染等問題,所以其推廣應(yīng)用對(duì)降低資源消耗、減少環(huán)境污染、加快施工進(jìn)度具有重要的意義。目前發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家液壓打樁錘產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)系列化并完全取代了柴油打樁錘,國(guó)內(nèi)的液壓打樁機(jī)還處在試驗(yàn)階段。由于液壓打樁錘仍然存在打樁沖擊噪聲大的問題,其應(yīng)用仍然受到諸多限制,噪聲已成為液壓打樁機(jī)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的瓶頸問題。本文旨在研究一種降低液壓打樁錘沖擊噪聲的技術(shù),使其噪聲能達(dá)到一般建筑施工設(shè)備的噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以解決液壓打樁錘發(fā)展中的瓶頸問題。 首先,參考現(xiàn)有工程機(jī)械產(chǎn)品噪聲解決方案,結(jié)合液壓打樁錘噪聲產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,對(duì)其沖擊噪聲進(jìn)行了分析,并根據(jù)噪聲傳播規(guī)律與評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),確定了從噪聲源緩解沖擊振動(dòng)和在傳播途徑隔聲消聲兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行噪聲抑制技術(shù)研究。 其次,建立液壓打樁錘沖擊振動(dòng)模型,采用量綱分析方法比較了錘頭結(jié)構(gòu)改變的組合樁錘結(jié)構(gòu)與普通樁錘結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的沖擊力。采用聲學(xué)有限元方法,仿真研究了不同沖擊力激勵(lì)下的沖擊噪聲。根據(jù)樣機(jī)測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了墊層對(duì)于沖擊噪聲的影響,確定了沖擊噪聲主要聲頻段在高頻段。 然后,針對(duì)需要重點(diǎn)降噪的高頻段噪聲,結(jié)合液壓打樁錘機(jī)身與噪聲抑制裝置結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),提出了一種將撞擊點(diǎn)完全覆蓋,在排氣口安裝消聲器的噪聲抑制方案,并預(yù)測(cè)了其噪聲抑制效果。 最后,采用簡(jiǎn)易箱體結(jié)構(gòu)模擬液壓打樁錘噪聲抑制裝置,揚(yáng)聲器模擬聲源噪聲,根據(jù)工程機(jī)械噪聲測(cè)試方法,測(cè)試了聲場(chǎng)周圍場(chǎng)點(diǎn)的噪聲大小,驗(yàn)證了噪聲抑制方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:Abstract: the hydraulic hammer with hydraulic static pile pressing machine has the advantages of high efficiency, the same speed, weight and volume characteristics and consumption of raw materials to the hydraulic static pile pressing machine 1/4, and diesel hammer has an average speed of construction increased more than 1 times and there is no diesel combustion exhaust gas pollution, so its application to reduce resource consumption, reduce environmental pollution, has important significance to speed up the construction progress. The developed countries hydraulic hammer series products and completely replaced the diesel hammer, the hydraulic piling machine is still in the experimental stage. Because the hydraulic pile hammer impact pile still exists the problem of big noise and its application still have many limitations, noise has become a bottleneck in the further development of hydraulic piling machine. This paper aims to study a reduced hydraulic pile hammer impact noise. In order to solve the bottleneck problem in the development of the hydraulic piling hammer, the noise can reach the standard of the noise of the general construction equipment.
First of all, referring to the existing engineering machinery noise solutions, combined with hydraulic hammer noise mechanism, the impact of noise is analyzed, and according to the rule of the noise propagation and evaluation index, determined from the noise source to mitigate the impact of vibration and noise suppression technology research in the two aspects of transmission of sound attenuation.
Secondly, a vibration model of hydraulic pile hammer, impact force generated by the method of dimension analysis compared the structural changes of composite pile hammer hammer structure and ordinary pile hammer structure. Using acoustic finite element method, simulation research on different impact shock noise excitation. According to the test data of the prototype, verify the effect of cushion for the impact of noise the impact of noise mainly determine the audio frequency at high frequency.
Then, aiming at the high-frequency noise that needs to focus on noise reduction, combined with the structural characteristics of the hydraulic pile driver's fuselage and noise suppression device, a noise suppression scheme is put forward to completely cover the impact point and install mufflers at the exhaust port, and its noise suppressing effect is predicted.
Finally, using a simple box structure simulation of hydraulic hammer noise suppression device, speaker simulation of noise source, according to the test method of construction machinery noise, noise sound field around the point test, verify the feasibility of noise suppression scheme.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU67

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