本文關(guān)鍵詞：拉應(yīng)變對(duì)土工織物孔徑特征及反濾性能影響的研究　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 土工織物 拉應(yīng)變 特征孔徑 孔徑分布曲線 反濾性能 泊松比 理論解 圖像法

【摘要】：土工織物作為反濾材料廣泛應(yīng)用于水利、土木、港航等領(lǐng)域。土工織物要實(shí)現(xiàn)反濾功能,需滿足保土、透水、防淤堵三個(gè)反濾準(zhǔn)則�？讖绞峭凉た椢锓礊V準(zhǔn)則的重要參數(shù)。由于土工織物纖維多、孔徑小、工作狀態(tài)應(yīng)變大,其孔徑受拉應(yīng)變影響很大。而土工織物的孔徑指標(biāo)和測(cè)試均在未受拉狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行,導(dǎo)致實(shí)際應(yīng)用中原本滿足孔徑指標(biāo)的織物反濾失效。因此,本文通過(guò)理論分析與試驗(yàn)測(cè)試,研究拉應(yīng)變T (Tensile)、土工織物孔徑特征O (Opening)、及反濾性能F (Filtration)三者的關(guān)系。 1)建立單/雙向拉應(yīng)變與土工織物孔徑特征關(guān)系的(T-O)理論模型。針對(duì)有紡織物平面二維結(jié)構(gòu),建立單/雙向拉應(yīng)變下有紡織物單孔模型,根據(jù)有紡織物基本物理力學(xué)參數(shù)和拉應(yīng)變值,分別推導(dǎo)特征孔徑(O)及開孔面積率(POA, Percent open area)隨單/雙向應(yīng)變變化的理論解；針對(duì)無(wú)紡織物三維空間結(jié)構(gòu),基于單向應(yīng)變下已有兩種體系的孔徑參數(shù)理論解,即佘巍(2011)等效孔徑(095)理論解和Rawal(2011)孔徑分布曲線(PSD, Pore size distributions)理論解,分別推導(dǎo)不等軸雙向應(yīng)變下無(wú)紡織物等效孔徑O95bi理論解、及孔徑分布曲線PSDbi理論解。 2)測(cè)試單/雙向拉應(yīng)變與土工織物孔徑特征的(T-O)試驗(yàn)關(guān)系。通過(guò)數(shù)字圖像法測(cè)試單絲條膜有紡織物孔徑,在維持拉應(yīng)變的同時(shí)采集圖像,定量測(cè)試單/雙向應(yīng)變下,有紡織物孔徑參數(shù)隨拉應(yīng)變的變化規(guī)律；通過(guò)干篩試驗(yàn)測(cè)試單/雙向應(yīng)變下,短纖針刺無(wú)紡織物孔徑參數(shù)隨拉應(yīng)變的變化規(guī)律；用拉應(yīng)變下的土工織物孔徑參數(shù)理論解預(yù)測(cè)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,理論值與試驗(yàn)值吻合較好,并得出土工織物孔徑參數(shù)與拉應(yīng)變的近似線性關(guān)系。 3)測(cè)試單向拉應(yīng)變與土工織物反濾性能(T-F)的關(guān)系。運(yùn)用梯度比滲透儀進(jìn)行淤堵試驗(yàn),對(duì)應(yīng)反濾設(shè)計(jì)中透水、保土和防淤堵三個(gè)準(zhǔn)則,分別測(cè)試單向拉應(yīng)變對(duì)透過(guò)土工織物的水流速率、漏土量、梯度比的影響。拉應(yīng)變下的反濾性能試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,佐證了孔徑隨拉應(yīng)變的變化規(guī)律,由此建立了土工織物孔徑特征與反濾性能(O-F)的定性關(guān)系。 4)探討土工織物泊松比隨拉應(yīng)變的變化規(guī)律。通過(guò)圖像法試驗(yàn),測(cè)試8種有紡及無(wú)紡織物泊松比隨單向拉應(yīng)變的變化關(guān)系,并與Giroud(2004)提出的可壓縮材料和不可壓縮材料泊松比變化公式進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
[Abstract]:Geotextiles as filter materials are widely used in water conservancy and civil engineering, shipping and other fields. The geotextile to realize the filter function, meet the needs of soil, water, anti clogging filter criterion. The three aperture is an important parameter of geotextile filter criterion. With geotextile fiber many small aperture, the working state of large strain, the large aperture tensile strain. The geotextile pore index and test were carried out without tension, leads to the actual application originally meet the index of aperture fabric filter failure. Therefore, through theoretical analysis and experimental test, study strain T (Tensile), geotextile pore characteristics of O (Opening), and the filter performance of F (Filtration) the relationship between the three.
1) a single / two-way tensile strain and geotextile pore characteristic relation (T-O) model for textile fabrics. The two-dimensional structure, the establishment of a textile fabric single hole model of single / two-way tensile strain, according to the basic physical and mechanical parameters of fabric and strain values are derived respectively characteristic pore size (O) and hole area ratio (POA, Percent open area) with single / two-way strain in the theoretical solution; for non woven fabric three-dimensional structure theory under unidirectional strain had two kind of system solutions based on aperture parameters, namely She Wei (2011) equivalent aperture (095) on the solution and Rawal (2011) the pore size distribution curve (PSD Pore, size distributions) theoretical solutions are derived from biaxial strain nonwoven fabric equivalent aperture theory O95bi solution, and the pore size distribution curve of the PSDbi theory.
2) test single / two-way tensile strain and geotextile pore characteristics (T-O) test. The digital image test monofilament with textile membrane aperture, while maintaining tensile strain and image acquisition, quantitative test and single / double way strain, textile fabrics aperture parameters changing with tensile strain; by dry sieving test single / biaxial strain, needledstaple fiber nonwoven fabric aperture parameters changing with tensile strain; theoretical solution to predict the test results by the geotextile tensile strain of the fabric aperture parameters, the theoretical value is in good agreement with the experimental data, and draw the geotextile aperture parameters and tensile strain of the linear approximation the relationship between.
3) test of unidirectional tensile strain and geotextile filtration property (T-F). The relationship between the use of gradient ratio test instrument clogging test, water filter design corresponding in soil and silt prevention three criteria were tested on the flow rate through the uniaxial tensile strain of geotextile and soil leakage the amount, effect of gradient ratio. The tensile strain of the anti filter performance test results, evidence of the aperture changes with tensile strain, the geotextile pore characteristics and filtration properties (O-F) relationship.
4) to investigate the geotextile Poisson ratio variation with tensile strain. Through image test, to test 8 types of woven and nonwoven fabrics with Poisson's ratio uniaxial tensile strain changes, and Giroud (2004) proposed a compressible material and incompressible material Poisson's ratio formula were compared.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU531.7;TU502

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