本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于節(jié)能對天津某辦公建筑夏季室內(nèi)人體熱舒適的研究　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 環(huán)境因素 熱舒適性 熱環(huán)境 熱感覺 現(xiàn)場調(diào)查

【摘要】：人類社會不斷地發(fā)展進(jìn)步導(dǎo)致人們在室內(nèi)停留的時間愈來愈長。統(tǒng)計顯示,人們一天在室內(nèi)活動的時間長達(dá)19到22個小時。因此,人們的健康、舒適甚至工作效率都與室內(nèi)環(huán)境息息相關(guān)。然而進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,能源和環(huán)境的危機(jī)日益嚴(yán)重,人類社會向可持續(xù)、低碳生活發(fā)展,追求用最少的能源代價營造舒適的熱環(huán)境已成為迫切需要。本課題依托于天津市某辦公建筑,采用了現(xiàn)場干預(yù)調(diào)查與理論計算相結(jié)合的方式,從節(jié)能的角度對夏季天津市辦公建筑的室內(nèi)環(huán)境因素對人體熱舒適影響展開了研究。依靠該建筑空調(diào)系統(tǒng)形式的多樣性,人為改變影響熱舒適性的相關(guān)參數(shù),同時進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場測試及熱舒適性問卷調(diào)查。隨后運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計的方法,對數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了理論計算,進(jìn)而分析了空氣溫度、空氣濕度、平均輻射溫度和空氣流速等不同室內(nèi)環(huán)境因素對人體熱舒適影響程度。本文首先根據(jù)對人體熱舒適調(diào)查的初步統(tǒng)計結(jié)果,得出了此次調(diào)查的最低不滿意率,發(fā)現(xiàn)其低于Fanger得到的結(jié)果,說明天津辦公建筑工作人員容易對環(huán)境滿足。同時梳理了調(diào)查對象的適應(yīng)行為調(diào)查結(jié)果。隨后建立了熱感覺與室內(nèi)環(huán)境因素的多元線性回歸模型,分析了室內(nèi)環(huán)境因素對人體熱舒適的影響程度。結(jié)果表明:環(huán)境因素中,風(fēng)速是影響熱感覺的主要因素;空氣溫度、平均輻射溫度是影響熱感覺的次要因素;相對濕度對熱感覺的影響較小。根據(jù)本文的研究結(jié)果,為空調(diào)的節(jié)能運(yùn)行提供了意見。建議在春末初夏、全夏季到夏末秋初,合理地使用吊扇,可以通過增加氣流速度適當(dāng)提高供冷季室內(nèi)溫度,從而達(dá)到建筑節(jié)能運(yùn)行的要求。通過對比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有效溫度和Fanger的PMV預(yù)測指標(biāo),發(fā)現(xiàn)Fanger的熱舒適方程對環(huán)境預(yù)測并不準(zhǔn)確,其預(yù)測值高估了人的實(shí)際熱感覺。最終選取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有效溫度作為本文的研究分析指標(biāo),根據(jù)該指標(biāo)得出了天津地區(qū)辦公建筑的中性溫度、可接受溫度上限和期望溫度,期望溫度略低于中性溫度。通過與其他地區(qū)的調(diào)查結(jié)果比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國不同地區(qū)的熱接受能力差異較大,天津與同緯度地區(qū)熱接受能力相似。期望溫度略低于中性溫度的原因是,在炎熱的氣候下人們對高溫的適應(yīng)能力有所提高,可以承受的溫度上限較高,對當(dāng)前環(huán)境的熱感覺以及對所處環(huán)境的期望值會降低。天津地區(qū)舒適區(qū)寬度與中國其他的地區(qū)相仿,大于發(fā)達(dá)國家。
[Abstract]:The continuous development and progress of human society has led to people staying indoors longer and longer. Statistics show that people spend 19 to 22 hours a day in indoor activities. Therefore, people's health. Comfort and even working efficiency are closely related to indoor environment. However, since 21th century, the crisis of energy and environment has become more and more serious. The pursuit of building a comfortable thermal environment with the least energy cost has become an urgent need. This subject relies on an office building in Tianjin and adopts the combination of field intervention investigation and theoretical calculation. The influence of indoor environment factors on thermal comfort of Tianjin office buildings in summer is studied from the perspective of energy saving. Depending on the diversity of air conditioning systems in this building, the related parameters that affect thermal comfort are artificially changed. At the same time, the field test and thermal comfort questionnaire were carried out. Then, the results of the data were calculated by the statistical method, and the air temperature and humidity were analyzed. Different indoor environmental factors, such as average radiation temperature and air velocity, affect the thermal comfort of human body. Firstly, based on the preliminary statistical results of thermal comfort survey, the lowest unsatisfactory rate of this survey is obtained. It was found to be lower than the result obtained by Fanger. It shows that Tianjin office building workers are easy to satisfy the environment. At the same time, the investigation results of the subjects' adaptive behavior are combed. Then, a multivariate linear regression model of thermal sensation and indoor environmental factors is established. The influence of indoor environmental factors on thermal comfort of human body is analyzed. The results show that: among the environmental factors, wind speed is the main factor affecting thermal sensation; The air temperature and the average radiation temperature are the secondary factors affecting the thermal sensation. The influence of relative humidity on thermal sensation is small. According to the research results of this paper, it provides advice for the energy saving operation of air conditioning. It is suggested that ceiling fan should be used reasonably in late spring and early summer, from summer to early summer. The indoor temperature in cooling season can be increased by increasing the air velocity, so as to meet the requirements of building energy saving operation. By comparing the standard RMS temperature with the PMV prediction index of Fanger. It is found that the thermal comfort equation of Fanger is not accurate for environmental prediction, and its prediction value overestimates the actual thermal sensation of human beings. Finally, the standard effective temperature is chosen as the analysis index of this paper. According to this index, the neutral temperature, acceptable upper limit and expected temperature of office buildings in Tianjin are obtained, and the expected temperature is slightly lower than the neutral temperature. It is found that the thermal receptivity of different regions in China is quite different, and the thermal receptivity of Tianjin is similar to that of the same latitude, and the expected temperature is slightly lower than that of neutral temperature. In the hot climate, people's ability to adapt to the high temperature has been improved, and the upper limit of the temperature can be higher. The thermal sense of the current environment and expectations for the environment will decrease. The width of the comfort zone in Tianjin is similar to that of the rest of China and is larger than that of the developed countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU831.1

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