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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)地震倒塌破壞研究　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu) 倒塌破壞 域模型 塑性鉸密度破壞準(zhǔn)則 有效耗能 截面曲率 時程分析

【摘要】：任何情況下人的生命安全都是第一位的。強(qiáng)震作用下建筑物的倒塌造成的人員傷亡將引發(fā)一系列較財(cái)產(chǎn)損失更嚴(yán)重、更復(fù)雜的社會問題和經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。近年來國內(nèi)外的數(shù)次震害表明即使嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)的建筑物也可能發(fā)生不同程度的倒塌破壞，大震不倒抗震設(shè)防目標(biāo)未充分實(shí)現(xiàn)的根本原因在于未對結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞機(jī)理進(jìn)行深入研究，缺乏準(zhǔn)確的倒塌破壞臨界狀態(tài)定義和合理的倒塌破壞準(zhǔn)則。本文重點(diǎn)研究了鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌破壞特點(diǎn)和破壞機(jī)理，建立了結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞分析模型、臨界狀態(tài)、破壞準(zhǔn)則，主要涉及以下工作： 深入分析總結(jié)了結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞研究方法，已有倒塌破壞準(zhǔn)則本質(zhì)上是構(gòu)件設(shè)計(jì)的延伸，融入結(jié)構(gòu)思想的倒塌研究考慮了構(gòu)件、子結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu)破壞的不確定性。薄弱區(qū)域的塑性變形集中是倒塌發(fā)生的根本原因，框架結(jié)構(gòu)塑性變形集中區(qū)域就是柱鉸大量充分發(fā)育的區(qū)域，此時結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力重分布能力逐步下降，形成柱鉸破壞機(jī)制。創(chuàng)造性的提出了結(jié)構(gòu)域倒塌破壞分析模型和塑性鉸密度倒塌破壞準(zhǔn)則，在構(gòu)件、子結(jié)構(gòu)、整體結(jié)構(gòu)三個層面上對倒塌研究進(jìn)行了思考和探索，建立了可行的倒塌研究分析思路和方法。 分析了結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞特性并提出了結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞分析模型，定義倒塌臨界狀態(tài)為地震作用下發(fā)生不同程度破壞后結(jié)構(gòu)的極限性能，以倒塌區(qū)間代替單一倒塌臨界值。根據(jù)同一層內(nèi)受損構(gòu)件的位置、破壞程度和數(shù)量等指標(biāo)，將引起層倒塌的、破壞程度相近的同類型構(gòu)件組合定義為倒塌關(guān)鍵區(qū)域，建立了域倒塌破壞分析模型。域失效是倒塌破壞發(fā)生的根本原因，真實(shí)反映了結(jié)構(gòu)整體性能的退化規(guī)律和特點(diǎn)，適用于不同類型的倒塌研究。 對框架結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌破壞機(jī)制和內(nèi)力重分布特性進(jìn)行深入分析，建議了基于柱鉸的倒塌破壞準(zhǔn)則。選取柱端塑性鉸發(fā)育為倒塌分析變量，根據(jù)塑性鉸發(fā)育程度、出現(xiàn)位置和數(shù)量等參數(shù)定義了塑性鉸密度倒塌破壞準(zhǔn)則。塑性鉸密度破壞準(zhǔn)則考慮了塑性鉸發(fā)育與結(jié)構(gòu)整體性能退化之間的相互關(guān)系。從構(gòu)件損傷、子結(jié)構(gòu)破壞和結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞三個層面上對倒塌破壞機(jī)理進(jìn)行了解釋和說明。薄弱層內(nèi)一定量的柱鉸充分發(fā)育后，結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)力重分布能力喪失，子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化為可變機(jī)構(gòu)，標(biāo)志著倒塌的開始。試驗(yàn)研究和有限元分析表明域模型和塑性鉸密度破壞準(zhǔn)則較準(zhǔn)確的解釋和定義了結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌臨界狀態(tài)、揭示了倒塌破壞機(jī)理。 結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌是由一定量的框架柱塑性變形集中引起的，柱端塑性變形是倒塌破壞研究的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，對框架柱的損傷和塑性變形程度量化進(jìn)行了研究：考慮滯回耗能與構(gòu)件損傷的相互關(guān)系提出了有效耗能理論，建立了考慮延性和有效耗能比例的改進(jìn)雙參數(shù)破壞準(zhǔn)則；研究了柱的截面破壞特性，在理論分析基礎(chǔ)上通過數(shù)據(jù)回歸得出了框架柱的極限曲率計(jì)算公式，建立了塑性鉸發(fā)育量化方法。 根據(jù)三榀平面框架的擬靜力試驗(yàn)，，建立了OpenSees的纖維單元模型，進(jìn)行了框架結(jié)構(gòu)的反復(fù)加載試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，完成了基于塑性鉸密度破壞準(zhǔn)則的平面框架結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌計(jì)算分析，選取倒塌破壞區(qū)間(0.6,1.0)能夠準(zhǔn)確的定義倒塌破壞極限，倒塌破壞指數(shù)較好的反映了結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性能退化規(guī)律。選取114條地震波進(jìn)行了框架結(jié)構(gòu)的時程分析，根據(jù)倒塌破壞指數(shù)大小從中選取了10條地震動作為后續(xù)參數(shù)分析的地震動數(shù)據(jù)庫。完成了不同層數(shù)、層高、跨度、軸壓比的倒塌破壞計(jì)算分析，計(jì)算表明隨著層數(shù)、層高、跨度、軸壓比的增加倒塌破壞總體呈現(xiàn)加劇的趨勢，基于域模型的塑性鉸密度準(zhǔn)則能夠較好的定義結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞，地震動隨機(jī)性對結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌破壞的影響不容忽視。
[Abstract]:Any human life safety is the first one. The building collapsed under strong earthquake caused casualties will cause a series of property loss is more serious, more complex social and economic problems. In recent years, several earthquake damage at home and abroad show even if the strict implementation of seismic design of buildings may collapse damage the fundamental reason that earthquake does not fall without the full realization of the goal of seismic fortification is not in-depth study of the structure collapse mechanism, the lack of accurate and reasonable definition of the critical state of collapse collapse criterion. This paper focuses on the collapse of reinforced concrete frame structure failure characteristics and failure mechanism, establish collapse analysis model, structure the critical state, failure criterion, mainly involves the following work:
It analyzes the existing research methods of structure collapse, collapse criterion is essentially the extension component design, the collapse of research into the structures of thought into components, sub structure, structural damage of uncertainty. The concentration of plastic deformation of weak area collapse cause of the frame structure of plastic deformation area is the column a hinge fully developed region, the structure internal force redistribution ability decreased gradually, destroy the column hinge mechanism. Put forward the innovative collapse analysis model and plastic hinge density collapse criterion, the components, sub domain structure, three aspects of the overall structure of the thinking and exploration of the collapse of a. Study on the collapse of feasible analysis ideas and methods.
Analysis of the collapse characteristics and puts forward the analysis model of structure collapse, collapse the definition of critical state under the action of earthquake occurrence limit performance of the structure after the destruction of different degree, to collapse interval instead of single collapse critical value. According to the same layer within the damaged member position, extent of damage and the number of other indicators, will cause the collapse of the layer the same type of failure, component composition close to the collapse degree definition of key areas, establish domain collapse analysis model. The failure domain is collapse cause, reflect the degradation rules and characteristics of the whole performance of the structure, suitable for different types of collapse.
The collapse of the frame structure and the mechanism of redistribution of internal force characteristics of in-depth analysis, suggestions of collapse column hinge failure criterion. Based on the selected column plastic hinge development for the collapse analysis of variables, according to the plastic hinge development degree, the parameter is defined by the position and number of plastic hinge density plastic hinge collapse criterion. The density criterion considered the relation between the degradation of plastic hinge structure development and overall performance. From the damage, collapse of three aspects of the interpretation and explanation of the collapse mechanism of structure damage and structure. A quantitative thin layer column hinge of the full development, internal force redistribution ability loss sub structure into variable mechanism, marked the collapse of the beginning. Experimental study and finite element analysis show that the domain model and the density of plastic hinge failure criterion more accurate explanation and definition of the structure collapse The mechanism of collapse is revealed.
Structural collapse is caused by a certain amount of plastic deformation of frame column, column plastic deformation is the key content of the collapse, the frame column damage and plastic deformation quantization are studied: consider the relationship between hysteretic energy dissipation and damage proposed effective energy dissipation theory, an improved double the parameters considered effective ductility and energy dissipation ratio criterion; on the cross section of the column failure characteristics, on the basis of theoretical analysis of data obtained through the regression formula of the ultimate curvature of frame column, a plastic hinge development of quantitative methods.
According to the pseudo static test of three frames, a fiber element model of OpenSees, the cyclic loading test of frame structure, completed the calculation and analysis of collapse of plane frame structure plastic hinge failure criterion based on density, selection of collapse interval (0.6,1.0) can accurately define the collapse limit, the collapse index is better the reflection of the degradation of the whole performance of the structure. 114 seismic waves were selected by the time history analysis of frame structure, according to the analysis parameters as subsequent collapse index size selected from the 10 earthquake ground motion database. The number, height, span, calculation and analysis of axial compression ratio of collapse damage the calculation shows that as the number, height, span, the axial compression ratio increases the overall collapse show increasing trend, based on the domain model of plastic hinge density criterion can be well defined The effect of the randomness of the ground motion on the collapse of the structure can not be ignored.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU375.4;TU312.3

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