本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國(guó)建筑能耗計(jì)算方法研究　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 建筑能耗 中國(guó)能源平衡表 建筑能耗宏觀計(jì)算 省級(jí)層面

【摘要】：中國(guó)政府于2009年提出2020年單位GDP碳排放比2005年下降40-45%的減排目標(biāo)。根據(jù)國(guó)務(wù)院總體部署，住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部于2012年5月頒布了《“十二五”建筑節(jié)能專(zhuān)項(xiàng)規(guī)劃》。規(guī)劃提出，到“十二五”期末建筑節(jié)能形成1.16億噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤節(jié)能能力。各省、自治區(qū)、直轄市根據(jù)節(jié)能總目標(biāo)，提出本地區(qū)的建筑節(jié)能目標(biāo)，并將目標(biāo)分解到各項(xiàng)建筑節(jié)能工作。目標(biāo)的提出應(yīng)基于準(zhǔn)確的現(xiàn)有建筑能耗數(shù)據(jù)，但是，目前為止中國(guó)建筑能耗數(shù)據(jù)仍不完善，各地區(qū)建筑能耗數(shù)據(jù)則更為匱乏。盡管住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部、國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局出臺(tái)了《民用建筑能耗和節(jié)能信息統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)表制度》，但是，由于地方相關(guān)能力建設(shè)滯后及各地調(diào)查范圍、方法不同等原因，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量較低。 基于上述背景，本論文對(duì)中國(guó)建筑能耗計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行研究，為合理制定建筑節(jié)能減排目標(biāo)，分解建筑節(jié)能減排任務(wù)，提供更科學(xué)、合理、便捷的計(jì)算方法。本論文采用定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合的研究方法，從建筑能耗基本概念、中國(guó)能源統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)表制度入手，對(duì)中國(guó)能源平衡表進(jìn)行深入分析，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出基于中國(guó)能源平衡表的，可以應(yīng)用到省級(jí)層面的中國(guó)建筑能耗宏觀計(jì)算方法。 文章首先對(duì)現(xiàn)有建筑能耗統(tǒng)計(jì)/計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行歸納分析，明確建筑能耗計(jì)算的兩類(lèi)方法—微觀統(tǒng)計(jì)和宏觀計(jì)算，并對(duì)兩類(lèi)方法特點(diǎn)及適用性進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)有各宏觀計(jì)算方法分析，找出存在爭(zhēng)議的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)：建筑能耗基本概念、統(tǒng)計(jì)邊界、各次能源概念以及各類(lèi)能源折算，并對(duì)以上四個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題進(jìn)行闡述、辨析。之后，從中國(guó)能源統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)表制度入手，對(duì)建筑能耗宏觀計(jì)算基礎(chǔ)----中國(guó)能源平衡表進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析，包括：能源統(tǒng)計(jì)制度、各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源及與國(guó)際通行準(zhǔn)則的差異分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上，辨析出在進(jìn)行建筑能耗宏觀計(jì)算時(shí)需要包含的基礎(chǔ)項(xiàng)及修正項(xiàng)，并提出計(jì)算公式。采用擬合、試算的方法確定計(jì)算公式中的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)值，確定建筑能耗計(jì)算公式：建筑能耗=(生活消費(fèi)扣除全部汽油、95%柴油+批發(fā)、零售和餐飲業(yè)，，其他能源扣除95%汽油、35%柴油)+5%*工業(yè)能耗+2.5*(生活消費(fèi)熱力+批發(fā)、零售和餐飲業(yè)熱力+其他熱力)。最后，將本公式應(yīng)用到各省市進(jìn)行建筑能耗試算，根據(jù)試算結(jié)果，對(duì)本方法進(jìn)行優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)分析，并提出建筑能耗計(jì)算方法改進(jìn)的相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:On 2009, the Chinese government set a target of reducing carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45% on 2020 compared with 2005, according to the overall deployment of the State Council. On May 2012, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction promulgated the 12th Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Saving. By the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the building energy saving capacity of 116 million tons of standard coal will be formed. According to the general goal of energy conservation, the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government will put forward their own building energy efficiency targets. The goal should be based on the accurate existing building energy consumption data, but up to now, the building energy consumption data in China is still not perfect. Although the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction and the National Bureau of Statistics issued the "Civil Building Energy consumption and Energy Saving Information Statistical report system", but. The quality of statistical data is low due to the lag of local capacity construction and the scope of local investigation. Based on the above background, this paper studies the calculation method of building energy consumption in China, which provides a more scientific and reasonable way to make the goal of building energy saving and emission reduction, to decompose the task of building energy saving and emission reduction. This paper uses the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis method, starting with the basic concept of building energy consumption, China energy statistics report system, the energy balance table of China is deeply analyzed. On this basis, the energy balance table based on China can be applied to the macroscopic calculation method of building energy consumption in China at the provincial level. In this paper, firstly, the existing building energy consumption statistics / calculation methods are summarized and analyzed, and two kinds of building energy consumption calculation methods, micro statistics and macro calculation, are defined. The characteristics and applicability of the two methods are explained. Through the analysis of the existing macro calculation methods, the key points of the controversy are found: the basic concept of building energy consumption, statistical boundary. Each energy concept and energy conversion, and the above four key issues are expounded, analyzed. After that, from the Chinese energy statistics report system. This paper makes a systematic analysis on the macroscopic calculation basis of building energy consumption-China energy balance table, including: energy statistics system, data sources and differences with international standards. On this basis. The basic items and correction items needed to be included in the macroscopic calculation of building energy consumption are analyzed, and the calculation formulas are put forward. The method of fitting and trial calculation is used to determine the values of each parameter in the calculation formula. Determine the building energy consumption formula: building energy consumption (95% of total gasoline consumption minus diesel wholesale, retail and catering industry, other energy minus 95% gasoline. 35% diesel fuel) 5 * Industrial energy consumption is 2.5%. Finally, this formula is applied to the trial calculation of building energy consumption in various provinces and cities. According to the results of trial calculation, the advantages and disadvantages of this method are analyzed, and some suggestions for improving the calculation method of building energy consumption are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU111.195

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