本文關(guān)鍵詞：寒冷地區(qū)綠色辦公建筑適宜技術(shù)研究　出處：《沈陽建筑大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 寒冷地區(qū) 綠色辦公建筑 適宜技術(shù) 運行效果 實施策略

【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國綠色評價體系日益完善、科研評審機構(gòu)相繼成立、國家及地方鼓勵政策的出臺以及綠色建筑科研課題全面開展,我國綠色建筑事業(yè)得到了快速的發(fā)展。截至2013年二季度末,6年間全國共評出978項綠色建筑評價標(biāo)識項目,總建筑面積達到1.05億平方米。我國既有建筑400億平方米,綠色建筑占0.25%。其中,綠色公共建筑459項,綠色辦公標(biāo)識211項,占公共建總量約一半。隨著我國綠色建筑行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,不少綠色建筑項目陸續(xù)竣工并已開始運營雖然我國綠色建筑標(biāo)識數(shù)量逐年增加,但綠色建筑運行效果并不理想。首先,綠色建筑技術(shù)落實情況較差,很多技術(shù)只停留在在設(shè)計階段而未投入運行。標(biāo)識認(rèn)證項目也多集中在綠色建筑設(shè)計階段,綠色辦公建筑運營標(biāo)識項目僅占綠色辦公建筑總數(shù)的8.5%。其次,投入運行的綠色技術(shù)效果欠佳,無法實現(xiàn)預(yù)期效益。造成綠色技術(shù)失效的原因主要有兩點：第一,設(shè)計者在綠色建筑設(shè)計階段,對技術(shù)適宜性和經(jīng)濟性分析不足,未能提出適合項目自身特點、適合場地氣候條件、適合業(yè)主成本預(yù)算和投資回收要求的技術(shù)方案。盲目參照綠色建筑評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn),附加上綠色建筑技術(shù),使建筑設(shè)計方案與綠色建筑要求機械地、生硬地結(jié)合,造成了部分綠色建筑并不綠色。從而阻礙整個綠色建筑行業(yè)的健康快速發(fā)展。第二,在建筑投入運行后,缺乏專業(yè)物業(yè)團隊對綠色技術(shù)做進一步的監(jiān)管和維護。因此,綠色建筑在研究方面應(yīng)增加針對不同區(qū)域氣候特征,細化建筑類型的適宜技術(shù)研究。本文將研究對象設(shè)定為寒冷地區(qū)辦公建筑。主要考慮到辦公建筑作為我國公共建筑的重要組成部分,普遍屬于高能耗建筑,并且隨著大型政府辦公項目日益增多,其社會影響力也日益加大。其次,寒冷地區(qū)作為我國五大氣候區(qū)之一,有著冬季寒冷且時間較長,夏季炎熱且降水量相對集中。由于該地區(qū)冬季、夏季自然氣候舒適性較低,室內(nèi)大多采用空調(diào)、采暖系統(tǒng)來滿足室內(nèi)舒適度需求,造成了寒冷地區(qū)辦公建筑能耗較高。第三,寒冷地區(qū)綠色辦公建筑運行效果較好,在已獲得綠色建筑運行標(biāo)識的辦公項目中,寒冷地區(qū)運行標(biāo)識數(shù)量占38.9%,位于五大氣候區(qū)之首。因此,在該地區(qū)推廣綠色辦公建筑一方面節(jié)約能源、資源,另一萬而在綠色建筑理念的推廣上起到良好的示范帶頭作用。本文研究方法有別于傳統(tǒng)理論研究方法,屬于一種反饋型研究模式,即通過實際運行效果對綠色技術(shù)的可行性進行檢驗,然后對理論進行補充和修正。主要從目前我國寒冷地區(qū)已經(jīng)獲得綠色建筑標(biāo)識的項目中選擇20個有代表性辦公建筑案例作為調(diào)研樣本,對這些項目中所采用的綠色技術(shù)落實情況、運行情況、運行效益三個部分進行調(diào)研、統(tǒng)計、分析,總結(jié)出寒冷地區(qū)辦公建筑常用技術(shù)和落實困難技術(shù),以及技術(shù)運行中出現(xiàn)的問題。通過對綠色技術(shù)運行效果的調(diào)研,總結(jié)出不同的綠色技術(shù)在寒冷地區(qū)辦公建筑中的適宜性。在既有的辦公建筑綠色技術(shù)研究基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合寒冷地區(qū)氣候特征以及綠色建筑實際運行效果,總結(jié)出適宜寒冷地區(qū)辦公建筑采用的綠色技術(shù)。本文綠色技術(shù)主要包括綠色建筑設(shè)計和適宜技術(shù)選型兩部分。1.綠色建筑設(shè)計是指通過設(shè)計使建筑滿足現(xiàn)行條件下自身綠色,即最大程度的利用有利環(huán)境(風(fēng)、光、景觀),避開場地內(nèi)不利的環(huán)境(噪聲、粉塵)。此部分總結(jié)出綠色建筑各專業(yè)(場地設(shè)計、建筑設(shè)計、暖通設(shè)計等)的設(shè)計原則；2.適宜技術(shù)選型部分針對寒冷地區(qū)辦公建筑適宜技術(shù)(模擬技術(shù)、節(jié)能技術(shù)、節(jié)水技術(shù)、智能化技術(shù)等)的使用條件、實施要點、經(jīng)濟效益等進行歸納總結(jié),以便于指導(dǎo)不同規(guī)模、不同投資預(yù)期的辦公建筑進行技術(shù)選型。最后以中國海油大廈項目為例綜合說明寒冷地區(qū)綠色辦公建筑適宜技術(shù)在實際中的應(yīng)用情況。對項目的方案設(shè)計、技術(shù)選型以及運行效益進行介紹,以便為今后寒冷地區(qū)綠色辦公建筑設(shè)計提供借鑒模式。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the green evaluation in our country is increasingly perfect, scientific research evaluation agencies have been established, and the introduction of national policies and encourage local green building to carry out a comprehensive research project, China's green building industry has made rapid development. At the end of the two quarter of 2013, a total of 6 years' 978 green building label project total construction area of 105 million square meters. The existing building 40 billion square meters of green building in China, which accounted for 0.25%., the green public building 459, Green Office identified 211 items, accounting for about half of the total public construction. With the rapid development of the construction industry of our country green, many green building projects have been completed and has started operations while the number of green building labeling in China increased year by year, but the result is not ideal. The first green building, green building technology implementation is poor, a lot of technology only stay in at the design stage Without the project put into operation. Identity authentication is also more concentrated in the green building design stage, green office building operations projects accounted for only the total number of green office building 8.5%. second, poor effect of green technology is put into operation, can not achieve the expected benefits. The cause of the failure of the green technology has two main points: first, the designer in the green building design stage the lack of suitable technology, analysis and economical, suitable for the project failed to put forward its own characteristics, suitable for space weather conditions, suitable for the owners cost budget and investment recovery process requirements. The blind reference evaluation standard of green building, green building technology added, the building design and green building requirements of mechanical, rigid combination, cause the green building is not green. The rapid development of the green building industry which hinder health. In second, put into operation after construction, The lack of professional property team of green technology to do further supervision and maintenance. Therefore, the green building should be increased according to different regional climate characteristics in terms of research, study on appropriate technology type refinement architecture. This paper will study the object set for office building in cold region. The main consideration to the office building as an important part of our country's public buildings, generally belongs to the high energy consumption buildings, and with more and more large projects of government office, its social influence is also growing. Secondly, the cold area as one of the five regions in China, has a long and cold winter, hot summer and the rainfall is relatively concentrated. Because the area in winter, summer climate comfort low indoor most of the air conditioning and heating system to meet the indoor comfort requirements, resulting in energy consumption of office building in cold region is high. Third, green office in cold area Good operation effect of buildings, green building has been in operation identification to obtain office projects, the number of operation to identify cold area accounted for 38.9%, located in five climatic zones for the first time. Therefore, the promotion of green office building on the one hand in the area of energy conservation, resources, promotion and other ten thousand in the green building concept to play good exemplary role. This research method is different from the traditional theory research method, belongs to a type of feedback mode, namely the feasibility of green technology through the actual operation effect test, and then to supplement and amend the theory. Mainly from the current cold area of China Green building project logo have been selected with 20 the representative office building as a case study, and the implementation of the green technology used in these projects in operation, operational efficiency of three parts to carry on the investigation, statistics, analysis, summary The common technology of office building in cold region and the difficulty of implementation of technology and technical problems in operation. Through investigation and Research on the operation effect of green technology, summed up the suitability of green technology in cold regions of different office buildings. In the existing office building green technology research foundation, combined with the characteristics of cold climate and green building the actual operation results, summed up the green office building suitable technology used in cold regions. The green technology mainly includes the design of green building and appropriate technology selection of the two part of the.1. green building design refers to the design of the building to meet the current condition of its green, is the best use of favorable environment (wind, light, landscape), avoiding the environment the unfavorable site (noise, dust). This part summarizes the professional green building (site design, architectural design, HVAC design of the original design) The 2. part of the choice of appropriate technology; appropriate technology for office building in cold region (simulation technology, energy-saving technologies, water-saving technology, intelligent technology etc.) implementation conditions of use, and summarize the economic benefits, in order to guide the different scale, different office buildings investment is expected to make technology selection. At last Chinese CNOOC building the general description of the project as an example in cold area green office building of appropriate technology in practical application. The design of the project, introduced the technology selection and operation efficiency, so as to provide a reference for the future design mode of green office building in cold area.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU201.5

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