模擬提高中國(guó)卷煙消費(fèi)稅稅負(fù)及其效應(yīng)分析
本文選題:吸煙負(fù)外部性 + 卷煙消費(fèi)稅 ; 參考:《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:中國(guó)是煙草生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)大國(guó),煙草業(yè)的稅收收入對(duì)國(guó)家的財(cái)政收入做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。但是眾所周知,吸煙具有較大的負(fù)外部性,例如由吸煙引起的疾病死亡、相關(guān)醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān)、被動(dòng)吸煙者所受的健康損害和環(huán)境污染等。為了減少吸煙引起的負(fù)外部性,我國(guó)針對(duì)其進(jìn)行了一系列財(cái)稅政策改革,主要以增加煙草稅負(fù),提高吸煙成本的手段來(lái)限制吸煙行為。本文研究的提高卷煙稅負(fù)問(wèn)題,主要有以下意義:第一,通過(guò)模擬并分析增加卷煙稅負(fù),可以預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)于控?zé)煹男Ч、吸煙者人?shù)、吸煙負(fù)外部性的影響;第二,模擬增加稅收額,預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)財(cái)政收入水平的影響及意義;第三,分析提高卷煙稅負(fù)對(duì)于促進(jìn)煙草企業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、改進(jìn)煙草售賣機(jī)制、完善煙草調(diào)控手段的意義。本文運(yùn)用已有對(duì)卷煙消費(fèi)的價(jià)格需求彈性(-0.15至-0.5)和吸煙參與彈性(-0.06至-0.2)的估計(jì)值,來(lái)模擬提高我國(guó)2016上半年卷煙生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)從量定額消費(fèi)稅。結(jié)果顯示:在提高每標(biāo)準(zhǔn)箱1250元、2500元、3750元從量定額稅后,引起了卷煙銷售量的下降、吸煙人數(shù)的減少和財(cái)政收入的增加。根據(jù)模擬分析結(jié)果,結(jié)合我國(guó)卷煙市場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況得出以下主要結(jié)論及政策建議:第一,增加卷煙生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)從量定額消費(fèi)稅,不但可以減少卷煙銷售量、控制吸煙行為,還可以增加財(cái)政收入,是達(dá)到以稅控?zé)熌康牡挠行Х绞?第二,完善煙草銷售市場(chǎng)價(jià)稅聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制,是提高卷煙生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)從量定額消費(fèi)稅達(dá)到控?zé)煹那疤釛l件;第三,針對(duì)不同價(jià)位卷煙來(lái)制定相對(duì)合理的定額消費(fèi)稅,可以平衡卷煙消費(fèi)水平。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in tobacco production and consumption. The tax revenue of tobacco industry has made a great contribution to the national revenue. However, it is well known that smoking has negative externalities, such as the death of diseases caused by smoking, the related medical burden, the health damage to passive smokers and environmental pollution. In order to reduce the negative externalities caused by smoking, China has carried out a series of fiscal and tax policy reforms, mainly by increasing the tax burden of tobacco and increasing the cost of smoking to limit smoking behavior. The research of this paper mainly has the following significance: first, by simulating and analyzing the increase of cigarette tax burden, we can predict the effect of tobacco control, the number of smokers, the negative externality of smoking; second, Third, analyze the significance of increasing cigarette tax burden to promote the transformation and development of tobacco enterprises, improve the tobacco sales mechanism, and improve the means of tobacco regulation. In this paper, the price demand elasticity of cigarette consumption (-0.15 to -0.5) and smoking participation elasticity (-0.06 to -0.2) are used to simulate the improvement of the consumption tax of cigarette production in China in the first half of the year of 2016 by using the price demand elasticity (-0.15 to -0.5) and smoking participation elasticity (-0.06 to -0.2). The results showed that after raising the fixed duty of 1250 yuan / TEU / TEU, the sales volume of cigarettes decreased, the number of smokers decreased and the financial income increased. According to the results of simulation and analysis, combined with the actual situation of cigarette market in China, the following main conclusions and policy suggestions are drawn: first, increasing the consumption tax of quantity quota in cigarette production can not only reduce cigarette sales, but also control smoking behavior. It can also increase fiscal revenue, which is an effective way to achieve the purpose of tax control. Second, perfecting the mechanism of the linkage of price tax in the tobacco sales market is the prerequisite for improving the cigarette production link from the quota consumption tax to the tobacco control. Third, The consumption level of cigarettes can be balanced by establishing a relatively reasonable consumption tax for cigarettes at different prices.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:F812.42;F406.7;F426.8
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