本文選題：小額貸款公司 + 資金來源�。� 參考：《吉林財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：小額貸款公司作為一種新型的金融組織形式最初產(chǎn)生的目的是為了服務(wù)城鄉(xiāng)低收入人群,為其提供融資服務(wù)。我國(guó)于20世紀(jì)90年代引入國(guó)內(nèi),并于2005年10月由中國(guó)人民銀行在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)開展試點(diǎn)工作。小額貸款公司有效的解決了銀行信貸體系外的小微企業(yè)、個(gè)體工商戶及“三農(nóng)”(農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)民、農(nóng)村)的融資需求,幫助其改善經(jīng)營(yíng)管理從而帶動(dòng)了整個(gè)社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,被稱為信貸市場(chǎng)的“毛細(xì)血管”。小額貸款公司經(jīng)過十余年的發(fā)展,已形成一定的規(guī)模,可如今仍面臨著資金不足,融資難的問題。由于指導(dǎo)意見規(guī)定了小額貸款公司不能吸收存款只能發(fā)放貸款的模式,造成了小額貸款公司的先天性貧血,而且也對(duì)其資金來源作了明確規(guī)定:股東自有資金、捐贈(zèng)資金及銀行融資是小額貸款公司資金來源的三個(gè)渠道,小額貸款公司可融資的銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)不超過兩個(gè),從銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)獲得融入資金的余額,不得超過資本凈額的50%。但是在小額貸款公司的實(shí)際經(jīng)營(yíng)中,小微企業(yè)、個(gè)體工商戶和“三農(nóng)”都有著大量的資金需求,很多小額貸款公司的后續(xù)資金無法滿足下游客戶的貸款需求進(jìn)而影響了其未來的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,對(duì)小額貸款公司的融資渠道進(jìn)行研究,具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文運(yùn)用了實(shí)地調(diào)研法、案例研究法以及文獻(xiàn)分析法,以吉林省長(zhǎng)春市A小額貸款股份有限公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱A小貸公司)作為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行融資渠道案例分析。本文首先介紹了研究背景和和研究意義,并對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。第二章介紹了小額貸款公司的定義、性質(zhì)、作用以及融資相關(guān)理論。第三章通過對(duì)A小貸公司現(xiàn)有的融資渠道現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,得出了小額貸款公司身份界定不明、監(jiān)管評(píng)級(jí)體系缺失、公司內(nèi)部經(jīng)營(yíng)管理能力不強(qiáng)、政策規(guī)定融資渠道過窄等因素是造成其資金來源不足,陷入融資困境的原因。第四章根據(jù)分析出的原因有針對(duì)性的提出監(jiān)管部門應(yīng)明確小額貸款公司金融機(jī)構(gòu)身份,建立監(jiān)管評(píng)級(jí)體系、拓寬融資渠道等對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:As a new type of financial organization, microfinance companies are originally designed to serve urban and rural low-income people and provide financing services. China was introduced into China in the 1990s, and the people's Bank of China carried out pilot work nationwide in October 2005. Microfinance companies effectively address the financing needs of small and micro enterprises, individual businesses, and "agriculture, farmers, and rural areas" outside the banking and credit system, helping them to improve their management and management, thus driving the economic development of the whole society. Known as the "capillaries" of credit markets. After more than ten years of development, microfinance companies have formed a certain scale, but they still face the problem of insufficient capital and difficult financing. Since the guidance stipulates that microfinance companies cannot take deposits and can only make loans, this has resulted in congenital anaemia of microfinance companies, and has also made clear the source of their funds: shareholders own funds. Donation funds and bank financing are three sources of funds for microfinance companies. Microfinance companies can finance not more than two banking financial institutions, and the balance of the integration funds obtained from banking financial institutions must not exceed 50 percent of the net capital. However, in the actual operation of microfinance companies, small and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, and the "three rural areas" all have a large demand for funds. Many microfinance companies' subsequent funds cannot meet the loan needs of downstream customers, which will affect their future sustainable development. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the financing channels of microfinance companies. This article uses the field investigation method, the case study method and the literature analysis method, taking Changchun A small loan Company of Jilin Province (hereinafter referred to as A small loan Company) as the research object to carry on the financing channel case analysis. This paper first introduces the research background and significance, and summarizes the current research situation at home and abroad. The second chapter introduces the definition, nature, function and financing theory of microfinance company. The third chapter analyzes the current financing channels of A small loan Company, and draws the conclusion that the identity of micro-loan company is unclear, the supervision and rating system is missing, and the internal management ability of the company is not strong. The policy stipulates that the financing channel is too narrow and so on. The fourth chapter according to the analysis of the reasons put forward that the regulatory authorities should clarify the identity of microfinance companies financial institutions, establish a regulatory rating system, broaden the financing channels and other countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F832.39;F830.42

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