【摘要】：隨著不可再生資源的日益短缺,環(huán)境污染的逐步惡化,人們逐漸意識(shí)到長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)不可持續(xù)的“粗狂型”經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的種種弊端,更加重視可持續(xù)的綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。如何在提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)效率的同時(shí),降低環(huán)境資源的負(fù)荷,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境、資源的多贏,是當(dāng)今社會(huì)面臨的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。本文首先搭建了測(cè)量工業(yè)效率的指標(biāo)體系,共選取五個(gè)指標(biāo)用于工業(yè)效率評(píng)價(jià)。投入方面,選取包含資源、資本、勞動(dòng)三種要素的投入指標(biāo),分別為能源消費(fèi)總量指標(biāo)、固定資產(chǎn)合計(jì)指標(biāo)、全部從業(yè)人員年平均人數(shù)指標(biāo)。產(chǎn)出方面,包含兩個(gè)方面,其一為工業(yè)銷售產(chǎn)值作為期望產(chǎn)出指標(biāo),其二為空氣污染物二氧化硫作為非期望指標(biāo)。進(jìn)而考慮模型的選擇,由于需要分析帶有環(huán)境污染物的非期望產(chǎn)出部分,并且傳統(tǒng)的DEA模型(如CCR和BCC模型)屬于徑向(從原點(diǎn)出發(fā)的射線)和角度(考慮選擇投入和產(chǎn)出角度測(cè)量)的測(cè)量模型,測(cè)量會(huì)存在一定的誤差。而Tone提出的SBM-Undesirable模型,運(yùn)用非徑向非角度的方法更切合實(shí)際的測(cè)算包含松弛變量的非期望產(chǎn)出模型。因此本文選用SBM-Undesirable模型對(duì)各個(gè)省市工業(yè)效率進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),并把我國(guó)大陸30個(gè)省市劃分為東部、東北、中部、西部四個(gè)地區(qū),進(jìn)行分析比較。在運(yùn)用SBM模型測(cè)算出各個(gè)省市工業(yè)效率的同時(shí),得出各個(gè)變量的松弛量,將松弛量除以對(duì)應(yīng)變量的投入值(或產(chǎn)出值)得到該變量的冗余率。對(duì)各個(gè)變量的冗余率進(jìn)行比較分析,得出空氣污染物二氧化硫的冗余率較大,是導(dǎo)致工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效率損失的主要原因。為進(jìn)一步分析工業(yè)效率的影響因素,選取產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、教育、外商投資、專利這4個(gè)方面數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)工業(yè)效率面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回歸建模,并對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。最后,在歸納前文實(shí)證分析的基礎(chǔ)上得出結(jié)論并給出相應(yīng)的政策建議。以2005-2011年我國(guó)30個(gè)省級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)單元為研究對(duì)象,采用包含非期望產(chǎn)出的SBM-Undesirable模型,測(cè)算我國(guó)工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)在環(huán)境資源影響下的效率。研究結(jié)果表明:從動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展的角度可以看出,在環(huán)境資源約束下全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)各個(gè)地區(qū)的工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效率逐步提升。靜態(tài)觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),地區(qū)之間協(xié)調(diào)性水平存在明顯的差距。我國(guó)東部沿海地區(qū)考慮環(huán)境資源的工業(yè)效率最高,依次為東北、中部、西部綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)。用各個(gè)松弛量計(jì)算出相應(yīng)變量的冗余率,分析各個(gè)地區(qū)工業(yè)效率損失的主要原因依次是二氧化硫排放量過(guò)多、能源投入量多過(guò)、工作人員投入量過(guò)多。進(jìn)一步對(duì)影響我國(guó)工業(yè)效率的因素進(jìn)行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)、接受教育年數(shù)提高、外商投資增多都能有利于工業(yè)與資源環(huán)境的共贏。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of non-renewable resources and the gradual deterioration of environmental pollution, people gradually realize the drawbacks of the unsustainable "rough" economic development, and pay more attention to the sustainable green economic development. How to improve the efficiency of economic growth, reduce the load of environmental resources and realize the win-win of economy, environment and resources is a severe challenge faced by the society today. In this paper, the index system of measuring industrial efficiency is set up, and five indexes are selected to evaluate the industrial efficiency. In the aspect of input, the input indexes including resources, capital and labor are respectively the total energy consumption index, the fixed assets total index, and the annual average number of all the employees. The output includes two aspects: one is the industrial sales output as the expected output, the other is the air pollutant sulfur dioxide as the non-expected indicator. Then consider the choice of the model, because of the need to analyze the undesired output portion with environmental pollutants, And the traditional DEA model (such as CCR and BCC model) belongs to radial (ray from origin) and angle (considering input and output angle measurement). There will be some errors in measurement. The SBM-Undesirable model proposed by Tone is more practical to calculate the non-expected output model with relaxation variables by using the method of non-radial and non-angle. Therefore, this paper selects the SBM-Undesirable model to evaluate the industrial efficiency of every province and city, and divides 30 provinces and cities in mainland China into four regions: eastern, northeast, central and western, and makes an analysis and comparison. While using SBM model to calculate the industrial efficiency of each province and city, the relaxation quantity of each variable is obtained, and the redundancy rate of the variable is obtained by dividing the relaxation quantity by the input value (or the output value) of the corresponding variable. By comparing and analyzing the redundancy rate of each variable, it is concluded that the large redundancy rate of air pollutant sulfur dioxide is the main reason leading to the loss of industrial economic efficiency. In order to further analyze the influencing factors of industrial efficiency, the data of industrial structure, education, foreign investment and patent are selected to model the panel data of industrial efficiency, and the results are analyzed. Finally, on the basis of the above empirical analysis, the conclusion is drawn and the corresponding policy recommendations are given. Taking 30 provincial economic units in China from 2005 to 2011 as the object of study, the efficiency of China's industrial economy under the influence of environmental resources is measured by using the SBM-Undesirable model with non-expected output. The results show that: from the point of view of dynamic development, under the restriction of environment and resources, the industrial economic efficiency of every region in the whole country is gradually improved. Static observation found that there was a significant gap in the level of coordination between regions. The industrial efficiency of environmental resources in the eastern coastal areas of China is the highest, followed by the northeast, central and western integrated economic zones. The redundancy rate of the corresponding variables is calculated by using each relaxation quantity. The main reasons for the loss of industrial efficiency in each region are in turn excessive sulfur dioxide emissions, excessive energy input and excessive input by staff. It is found that the upgrading of industrial structure, the increase of years of education and the increase of foreign investment are beneficial to the win-win situation of industry and resource environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F424

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