【摘要】：后發(fā)企業(yè)具有先天的“后發(fā)劣勢(shì)”,先天的技術(shù)能力薄弱、資源匱乏,對(duì)內(nèi)部的研發(fā)投入很有局限性。當(dāng)市場(chǎng)需求及時(shí)增加時(shí),則無(wú)法獨(dú)立地應(yīng)對(duì)。后發(fā)企業(yè)通過與外部建立資源依賴關(guān)系來(lái)滿足市場(chǎng)的及時(shí)需求,在此過程中,后發(fā)企業(yè)一方面要學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)先技術(shù)知識(shí),以彌補(bǔ)先天的不足;另一方面,它又不能放棄對(duì)創(chuàng)新的投入。從而,后發(fā)企業(yè)往往陷入學(xué)習(xí)與創(chuàng)新之間的沖突困境。然而,后發(fā)企業(yè)對(duì)外部資源持續(xù)地利用,會(huì)受到依賴關(guān)系強(qiáng)化的威脅。加之,組織內(nèi)部的沖突是固有的、持續(xù)存在的,后發(fā)企業(yè)將如何通過學(xué)習(xí)與創(chuàng)新的沖突平衡,以緩沖資源依賴關(guān)系的強(qiáng)化。截至目前,研究者們未對(duì)此作充分地關(guān)注與研究。因而,本文基于悖論視角,選取一家典型的后發(fā)企業(yè)(東汽)作為研究對(duì)象,采用事件路徑分析法,并結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)理論界定核心概念,對(duì)東汽48年來(lái)縱向過程的全部事件進(jìn)行分類、提煉,探究出后發(fā)企業(yè)在學(xué)習(xí)與創(chuàng)新沖突的平衡過程中事件的變化趨勢(shì)。運(yùn)用過程分析探討各階段特征,最后命題討論得到以下結(jié)論:后發(fā)企業(yè)處于技術(shù)能力不足及市場(chǎng)激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的困境下,(1)悖論視角下的后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力承載創(chuàng)新與學(xué)習(xí)間的沖突結(jié)構(gòu)的能力,這種能力影響著外部資源依賴關(guān)系的調(diào)整。(2)外部資源依賴關(guān)系的建立是后發(fā)企業(yè)對(duì)外部知識(shí)有效利用的前提條件,但存在依賴關(guān)系的強(qiáng)化。具體的,后發(fā)企業(yè)會(huì)主動(dòng)地接觸技術(shù)領(lǐng)先企業(yè),在合作交流過程中搭建起資源依賴關(guān)系,這成為后發(fā)企業(yè)有效利用外部知識(shí)的前提條件。但是,后發(fā)企業(yè)持續(xù)地利用外部資源,會(huì)逐漸加大對(duì)外部資源的依賴。(3)在消化、吸收外部知識(shí)的過程中,后發(fā)企業(yè)勢(shì)必會(huì)對(duì)依賴關(guān)系的強(qiáng)化做出反應(yīng)。從整體上,后發(fā)企業(yè)運(yùn)用吸收能力平衡學(xué)習(xí)與創(chuàng)新間的沖突結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)而緩沖資源依賴的強(qiáng)化。(4)后發(fā)企業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)與創(chuàng)新間沖突的平衡是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整過程,進(jìn)而對(duì)資源依賴關(guān)系的緩沖是動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整。具體地,自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作創(chuàng)新協(xié)調(diào)合作學(xué)習(xí)與自主創(chuàng)新之間的沖突,合作學(xué)習(xí)與自主創(chuàng)新之間沖突的平衡調(diào)整,促使組織內(nèi)部對(duì)技術(shù)知識(shí)的沉淀,激發(fā)能動(dòng)的自主創(chuàng)新,進(jìn)而影響資源依賴關(guān)系緊密程度的調(diào)整。最后,本文提出了對(duì)后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力和悖論的理論貢獻(xiàn)、實(shí)踐啟示及研究不足與展望。本研究的理論意義在于,本文將資源依賴?yán)碚搫?chuàng)新型地引入到后發(fā)企業(yè)吸收能力的研究中。同時(shí),基于悖論視角,解釋后發(fā)企業(yè)如何緩沖外部資源依賴關(guān)系強(qiáng)化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并得出相應(yīng)的命題與結(jié)論,從而揭示出后發(fā)企業(yè)與領(lǐng)先企業(yè)不一樣的吸收能力路徑,為現(xiàn)實(shí)中的后發(fā)企業(yè)的實(shí)踐提供了借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Latecomer enterprises have inherent disadvantage, weak technical ability, scarce resources, and limited investment in internal R & D. When the market demand increases in time, then cannot independently deal with. Latecomer enterprises meet the market's timely demand by establishing a resource dependence relationship with the outside. In this process, the latecomer enterprises should learn the leading technical knowledge to make up for the congenital deficiency. On the other hand, it can not give up on innovation investment. As a result, latecomers often fall into the dilemma of conflict between learning and innovation. However, the continuous utilization of external resources by latecomers will be threatened by the reinforcement of dependency relationships. In addition, the conflict within the organization is inherent and persistent. How to balance the conflict between learning and innovation to buffer the reinforcement of resource dependence. So far, researchers have not paid enough attention to this issue. Therefore, based on the paradox perspective, this paper selects a typical latecomer enterprise (Dongqi) as the research object, adopts the event path analysis method, and defines the core concept combining with the literature theory. This paper classifies and refines all the events in the longitudinal process of Dongqi in the past 48 years, and explores the changing trend of the events in the process of balancing the conflict between learning and innovation. By using process analysis to discuss the characteristics of each stage, the following conclusions can be drawn from the final propositional discussion: the latecomer enterprise is in the predicament of insufficient technical capability and fierce market competition. (1) the absorptive capacity of the latecomer firms from the paradox perspective is capable of carrying the conflicting structure between innovation and learning. This ability affects the adjustment of external resource dependence. (2) the establishment of external resource dependence is a prerequisite for the effective use of external knowledge in a latecomer, but there exists a strengthening of the dependency relationship. Specifically, latecomer enterprises will actively contact the leading technology enterprises and build up a resource dependence relationship in the process of cooperation and exchange, which becomes the precondition for the latecomer enterprises to utilize external knowledge effectively. However, in the process of digesting and absorbing the external knowledge, the latecomer will react to the strengthening of the dependence relationship by using the external resources continuously. (3) in the process of digesting and absorbing the external knowledge, the latecomer enterprise will gradually increase its dependence on the external resources. On the whole, the conflict structure between learning and innovation is balanced by absorptive capacity, and then the reinforcement of resource dependence is cushioned. (4) the balance of conflict between learning and innovation is a dynamic adjustment process. Furthermore, the buffer of resource dependence is dynamically adjusted. Specifically, the conflict between cooperative learning and independent innovation is coordinated, and the balance between cooperative learning and independent innovation is adjusted to promote the precipitation of technological knowledge within the organization and stimulate dynamic independent innovation. Furthermore, it affects the adjustment of the tightness of resource dependence. Finally, this paper puts forward the theoretical contribution, practical enlightenment, research deficiency and prospect to the absorptive capacity and paradox of the latecomer enterprises. The theoretical significance of this study lies in the innovative introduction of resource dependence theory into the study of absorptive capacity of latecomers. At the same time, based on the paradox perspective, this paper explains how to buffer the risk of external resource dependence strengthening, and draws the corresponding proposition and conclusion, thus revealing the different absorptive ability path between the latter and the leading enterprises. It provides a reference for the practice of the latecomer enterprises in reality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.4

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