發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-31 17:31

【摘要】：能源是人類生存和社會(huì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)性資源。它既是自然資源,也是戰(zhàn)略和政治資源。當(dāng)前中國(guó)面臨的能源安全和環(huán)境保護(hù)問題日益突出,風(fēng)力發(fā)電作為新能源中技術(shù)最成熟、資源開發(fā)條件和商業(yè)化發(fā)展最好的能源供給方式,越來(lái)越受到重視。但是,受限于資源分布和技術(shù)原因,與傳統(tǒng)能源相比,風(fēng)電電力成本在電力市場(chǎng)中不具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),如果沒有政府的扶持,風(fēng)力發(fā)電在當(dāng)前的電力市場(chǎng)中沒有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。文章從風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)中政府發(fā)揮作用的途徑出發(fā),將政府作用分為經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)與政府監(jiān)管兩個(gè)方面,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了我國(guó)政府為促進(jìn)風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展所采取的措施和在這些措施作用下風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。通過對(duì)現(xiàn)有舉措及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)政府在風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展上還存在著許多問題:第一,風(fēng)電利益集團(tuán)出于對(duì)自身利益的訴求,會(huì)想盡辦法影響政府作用,使其朝著對(duì)自己有利的方向發(fā)展;第二,由于我國(guó)目前的政績(jī)考核機(jī)制過分注重?cái)?shù)量的增加而忽視質(zhì)量的提升,使得地方政府為獲取政治資本或政策性租金而與中央政府進(jìn)行博弈,阻礙了風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展;第三,由于目前我國(guó)在風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)方面政策法規(guī)的不完善,導(dǎo)致了產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展無(wú)序混亂的局面。此外本文歸納了發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家丹麥、美國(guó)、德國(guó)、西班牙等國(guó)家在促進(jìn)風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展方面的政府作用,以期對(duì)我國(guó)風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展有所啟示。最后,對(duì)促進(jìn)我國(guó)風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展提出政府作用的建議,政府應(yīng)充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)機(jī)制作用,改變以GDP為主要考核指標(biāo)的考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn),充分發(fā)揮地方政府的協(xié)調(diào)作用,促進(jìn)政府政務(wù)公開,并提高風(fēng)電自主創(chuàng)新與技術(shù)水平;宏觀層面要明確風(fēng)電發(fā)展目標(biāo),制定科學(xué)的發(fā)展規(guī)劃,完善法律法規(guī),加強(qiáng)風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展保障工作,加大科研投資解決技術(shù)問題,同時(shí)均衡各方利益,促進(jìn)風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Energy is the basic resource for human survival and social development. It is not only natural resources, but also strategic and political resources. At present, the problems of energy security and environmental protection are becoming more and more prominent in China. Wind power generation, as the most mature technology in new energy, the best energy supply mode for resource development and commercial development, has been paid more and more attention to. However, limited by the distribution of resources and technical reasons, compared with traditional energy, wind power costs do not have a competitive advantage in the electricity market. Without the support of the government, wind power generation is not competitive in the current electricity market. Based on the ways of government playing a role in wind power industry, the paper divides the role of government into two aspects: economic regulation and government supervision. On this basis, the measures taken by our government to promote the development of wind power industry and the current situation of wind power industry development under the action of these measures are analyzed. Through the analysis of the existing measures and the current situation of development, it is found that there are still many problems in the development of wind power industry in our country. First, the wind power interest groups will try their best to influence the role of the government out of their own interests. To move in a direction that is beneficial to oneself; Second, the current performance assessment mechanism of our country pays too much attention to the increase of quantity and neglects the improvement of quality, which makes the local government play games with the central government in order to obtain political capital or policy rent, which hinders the healthy development of wind power industry. Third, due to the imperfect policies and regulations in wind power industry, it leads to the disorder of industrial development. In addition, this paper summarizes the government role of developed countries, such as Denmark, the United States, Germany and Spain, in promoting the development of wind power industry in order to enlighten the development of wind power industry in China. Finally, in order to promote the development of wind power industry in China, the government should give full play to the role of market mechanism, change the assessment standard with GDP as the main assessment index, and give full play to the coordinating role of local governments. To promote the openness of government affairs and improve the independent innovation and technical level of wind power; At the macro level, it is necessary to make clear the development goals of wind power, formulate scientific development plans, perfect laws and regulations, strengthen the work of ensuring the development of wind power industry, increase investment in scientific research to solve technical problems, and balance the interests of all parties at the same time. Promote the sustainable and healthy development of wind power industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;D630

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