【摘要】：面對日益嚴峻的能源危機和環(huán)境污染等問題,新能源汽車逐漸成長為未來汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)方向。在我國,新能源汽車作為重點戰(zhàn)略新興產(chǎn)業(yè),必須要加大創(chuàng)新力度、實現(xiàn)趕超式發(fā)展,才能帶領(lǐng)整個汽車工業(yè)實現(xiàn)"彎道超車",真正完成產(chǎn)業(yè)由大變強的歷史任務(wù)。合理的創(chuàng)新發(fā)展模式及其實現(xiàn)機制將大大提高產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的速度與質(zhì)量,本文認為模仿創(chuàng)新模式是現(xiàn)階段我國新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)實現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的最優(yōu)路徑。新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)本身具有投入量大、技術(shù)要求高、風(fēng)險性大和戰(zhàn)略性強等特點,影響產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的速度和質(zhì)量;而模仿創(chuàng)新發(fā)展成本較低、渠道較豐富、速度較快的優(yōu)勢,正適合戰(zhàn)略新興市場產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,二者高度契合。從產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展實踐上看,我國已連續(xù)兩年成為世界最大的新能源汽車產(chǎn)銷國,發(fā)展態(tài)勢強勁,在資源、政策、市場和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型等方面具有優(yōu)勢;但是在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展整體性、人力資源、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展資金投入和市場推廣等方面存在不足,按部就班地依靠自身力量完成原始自主創(chuàng)新耗時長且難度較大,模仿創(chuàng)新成為較合理的選擇。本文又引入序貫博弈的方法對模仿創(chuàng)新的必要性進行定性分析,結(jié)果指出相比于原始創(chuàng)新,模仿創(chuàng)新能夠提高創(chuàng)新的所得利潤和成功幾率。為更好地研究我國新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)模仿創(chuàng)新的實現(xiàn)機制,本文首先對產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新體系進行了分析,認為它是由產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上中下游的各企業(yè)、研發(fā)及人才體系、配套設(shè)施及服務(wù)體系、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策及法律法規(guī)體系等共同構(gòu)成的,其中企業(yè)是產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的最核心主體。因此,本文先以比亞迪公司為例重點分析企業(yè)模仿創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展方式,后由局部到整體,引申出我國新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)模仿創(chuàng)新的實現(xiàn)路徑。產(chǎn)業(yè)在模仿創(chuàng)新之前,首先要分析自身的發(fā)展情況,之后有針對性的選擇模仿對象、內(nèi)容和方法,在模仿中積累經(jīng)驗以逐漸形成自身創(chuàng)新力,最后通過量變產(chǎn)生質(zhì)變的形式實現(xiàn)由模仿到創(chuàng)新的轉(zhuǎn)變。本文結(jié)合中國新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的實際,以模仿創(chuàng)新發(fā)展模式為背景,為快速、高效地實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)全面創(chuàng)新提出切實可行的政策建議。在技術(shù)研發(fā)方面,提高技術(shù)路線、研發(fā)內(nèi)容、研發(fā)方法和機制等方面的合理有效性;在產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持政策方面,繼續(xù)優(yōu)化宏觀政策、財稅優(yōu)惠、政府購買、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、人才體系建設(shè)和消費理念培育等方面的政策落實。模仿只是手段,創(chuàng)新才是最終的目的,產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)各主體必須積極主動地將模仿轉(zhuǎn)化為自身的創(chuàng)新能力。
[Abstract]:In the face of the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental pollution, new energy vehicles have gradually become the leading direction of automotive industry development in the future. In our country, as the key strategic emerging industry, the new energy automobile must increase the innovation dynamics, realize the development of catching up, can lead the whole automobile industry to realize the "detour overtaking", and truly complete the historical task of the industry from big to strong. Reasonable innovation development mode and its realization mechanism will greatly improve the speed and quality of industrial innovation. This paper holds that imitating innovation mode is the best way to realize innovation and development of China's new energy automobile industry at the present stage. The new energy automobile industry itself has the characteristics of large investment, high technical requirement, high risk and strong strategy, which affects the speed and quality of industry development, while imitating innovation development has the advantages of low cost, rich channels and fast speed. Is suitable for the development of strategic emerging market industries, the two highly consistent. In terms of industrial development practice, China has become the world's largest country for the production and sale of new energy vehicles for two consecutive years, with a strong development trend, advantages in resources, policies, markets and industrial transformation, but has the ability to innovate in technology. Industrial development integrity, human resources, investment in industrial development funds and market promotion and other aspects of deficiencies, step by step rely on their own strength to complete the original independent innovation time-consuming and difficult to imitate innovation become a more reasonable choice. This paper also introduces the sequential game method to qualitatively analyze the necessity of imitation innovation. The result shows that imitation innovation can improve the profit and success probability of innovation compared with original innovation. In order to better study the realization mechanism of imitation and innovation in China's new energy automobile industry, this paper first analyzes the industrial innovation system, and considers that it is composed of various enterprises, R & D and personnel systems, supporting facilities and service systems in the upper and lower reaches of the industrial chain. Industrial policies and laws and regulations system, among which enterprises are the core of industrial innovation. Therefore, this paper takes BYD Company as an example to analyze the development mode of imitating innovation, then from part to whole, to extend the path of imitating innovation in China's new energy automobile industry. Before imitating innovation, industry should first analyze its own development situation, then select the imitation object, content and method, accumulate experience in imitation to gradually form its own innovation ability. In the end, the transformation from imitation to innovation is realized through the form of qualitative change produced by quantitative change. Based on the reality of the development of China's new energy automobile industry and the background of imitating the innovative development model, this paper puts forward practical policy recommendations for the rapid and efficient realization of comprehensive industrial innovation. In the field of technological research and development, we should improve the rational effectiveness of the technological route, research and development contents, research and development methods and mechanisms, and continue to optimize macro policies, fiscal and tax preferences, government purchases, and infrastructure construction in terms of industrial support policies. Personnel system construction and consumption concept cultivation and other aspects of policy implementation. Imitation is only a means, innovation is the ultimate goal, the main bodies in the industry must actively transform imitation into their own innovative ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.471

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