本文選題：業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià) + 因子分析　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著資本市場(chǎng)的日益壯大,公司的業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)信息不再僅僅由公司的經(jīng)營管理者和股東所關(guān)注,越來越多的外部投資者、債權(quán)人、監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)以及民眾開始關(guān)注公司的經(jīng)營業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)。目前大多數(shù)公司的經(jīng)營業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)按照財(cái)務(wù)管理學(xué)中的概念,分為三種模式:利潤最大化、每股收益最大化以及股東財(cái)富最大化,這些理論都有其不足之處,當(dāng)今的業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)體系很難適應(yīng)社會(huì)快速的發(fā)展需求。本文的研究流程是通過因子分析的方法對(duì)LA公司所處的小家電行業(yè)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,從而有針對(duì)性地對(duì)LA公司進(jìn)行業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)研究。從過往的專業(yè)研究上我們可以看出,公司內(nèi)財(cái)務(wù)比率之間都有一些關(guān)聯(lián)程度,同一個(gè)類型的指標(biāo)間具有很多聯(lián)系,這就為因子分析提供了條件。因子分析的原理是從若干變量中提取相似的變量并進(jìn)行整合,可有有效的降低信息的維度。同時(shí),對(duì)于公共因子可以通過預(yù)設(shè)的算法歸類并命名,假如公共因子成分表述不清,還可以對(duì)這部分進(jìn)行因子旋轉(zhuǎn),繼續(xù)得出更有實(shí)際意義且載荷更多的公因子。由于LA公司的行業(yè)性質(zhì)以及財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)之間的相互影響力,最終確定了本研究的研究路線與方法。本文主要使用文獻(xiàn)研究法、案例分析法和調(diào)查研究法,對(duì)因子分析和業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)的理論及相關(guān)資料進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié),對(duì)LA公司因子分析和業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析并進(jìn)行業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)研究。以前大部分研究?jī)H僅假設(shè)了其數(shù)據(jù)的總體分布,沒有實(shí)行因子分析適用性檢驗(yàn),數(shù)據(jù)呈正態(tài)分布才適用于因子分析,在對(duì)原始數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行因子分析之前要進(jìn)行適用性檢驗(yàn),本文對(duì)原始數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了 KMO and Bartlett's檢驗(yàn)以及Bartlett球狀檢驗(yàn),確保了研究的科學(xué)性。如果將原始數(shù)據(jù)直接進(jìn)行因子分析,進(jìn)而得分各公因子得分,這就可能出現(xiàn)某項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)的量綱不同導(dǎo)致對(duì)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生很大的差異,某項(xiàng)公因子的得分受該組數(shù)據(jù)的影響很大,對(duì)結(jié)果難以合理解釋。本文在原始數(shù)據(jù)處理之前先進(jìn)行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化處理,使各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)處在相同數(shù)量級(jí),在計(jì)算因子得分時(shí),也是采用了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化后的數(shù)據(jù),即更加確保了結(jié)果的科學(xué)性。在公司業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)中,少有研究通過對(duì)整體行業(yè)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行因子分析來評(píng)價(jià)具體公司的業(yè)績(jī)指標(biāo),本文的方法通過大量的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,也確保了結(jié)果的公正客觀。作者希望通過該研究對(duì)LA公司目前業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)的情況進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的介紹和分析,總結(jié)公司存在的問題,分析評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的可行性,使LA公司的業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)體系更加完善,在研究中引入因子分析的概念,使公司財(cái)務(wù)管理效率和業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)水平得到提升,專業(yè)化水平提高。
[Abstract]:With the growing of capital market, the performance evaluation information of the company is not only concerned by the managers and shareholders of the company, but also by more and more external investors and creditors. Regulators and the public began to pay attention to the company's performance evaluation. At present, according to the concept of financial management, most companies' performance evaluation can be divided into three models: profit maximization, earnings per share maximization and shareholder wealth maximization. Today's performance evaluation system is difficult to adapt to the rapid development needs of society. The research flow of this paper is to carry on the data analysis to LA company's small household appliance industry through the method of factor analysis, so as to carry on the performance evaluation research to the LA company pertinently. From the past professional studies we can see that there is some correlation between the financial ratio in the company and a lot of links between the same type of indicators which provides a condition for factor analysis. The principle of factor analysis is to extract and integrate similar variables from several variables, which can effectively reduce the information dimension. At the same time, the common factors can be classified and named by the preset algorithm. If the components of common factors are not clearly expressed, they can be rotated to get the common factors with more practical significance and more loads. Because of the industry nature of LA Company and the mutual influence of financial indexes, the research route and method of this study are determined. This article mainly uses the literature research method, the case analysis method and the investigation research method, carries on the analysis and the summary to the factor analysis and the achievement appraisal theory and the related material, The factor analysis and performance evaluation data of LA Company are statistically analyzed and the performance evaluation research is carried out. Most of the previous studies only assumed the overall distribution of the data, but did not carry out the factor analysis applicability test, the data was normal distribution to apply to factor analysis, the original data should be tested before factor analysis. In this paper, the KMO and Bartletts test and the Bartlett ball test are carried out to ensure the scientific nature of the research. If the original data is directly analyzed by factor analysis, and then the scores of the common factors are scored, there may be great differences between the dimensions of a given data and the results, and the scores of a common factor are greatly affected by the data. It is difficult to explain the result reasonably. In this paper, before the raw data processing, the standard treatment is carried out, which makes each index in the same order of magnitude, and the standardized data is also used in the calculation of factor scores, which ensures the scientific nature of the results. In the evaluation of corporate performance, few research through the data of the whole industry factor analysis to evaluate the performance of specific companies, this method through a large number of data analysis, but also to ensure that the results are fair and objective. The author hopes to introduce and analyze the current performance evaluation of LA Company in detail, summarize the problems existing in the company, analyze the feasibility of the evaluation index, and make the performance evaluation system of LA Company more perfect. The concept of factor analysis is introduced in the research to improve the efficiency of financial management and performance evaluation, and to improve the level of specialization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F406.7;F426.6

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