本文選題：HSE + 石化企業(yè)　； 參考：《上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：石化行業(yè)的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程,具有高濕高壓、易燃易爆的工藝特點(diǎn),部分產(chǎn)品有毒有害,且廢水、廢氣、固體廢棄物的排放種類多、數(shù)量大、成份復(fù)雜,需要的環(huán)境容量較大,容易出現(xiàn)環(huán)境安全問(wèn)題。環(huán)境質(zhì)量的好壞,不僅影響石化企業(yè)的正常運(yùn)行,而且會(huì)影響到員工的身心健康。特殊的生產(chǎn)工藝特征,還使石化企業(yè)面臨比較大的“鄰避沖突”風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。石化企業(yè)需要在擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模與員工身體健康、設(shè)備安全運(yùn)行以及環(huán)境保護(hù)這樣的多重矛盾中做出選擇。實(shí)施健康、安全和環(huán)境管理體系(以下簡(jiǎn)稱HSE),使解決這些矛盾成為可能。提升安全生產(chǎn)、綠色生產(chǎn)的意識(shí),建立健全企業(yè)的健康、安全和環(huán)境管理制度,提高企業(yè)環(huán)境質(zhì)量,是實(shí)施HSE管理體系進(jìn)行環(huán)境管理的最終目的。在國(guó)家和企業(yè)自身的大力推動(dòng)下,石化企業(yè)的環(huán)境管理已經(jīng)初見(jiàn)成效。對(duì)環(huán)境管理績(jī)效進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),是實(shí)施HSE管理體系的內(nèi)在要求,也是檢查HSE管理體系在石化企業(yè)實(shí)施成效的重要方法。但是如何建立合適的指標(biāo)體系,確保環(huán)境管理績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)的客觀性和實(shí)用性,是實(shí)施HSE管理體系應(yīng)深入研究的問(wèn)題。在總結(jié)傳統(tǒng)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的基礎(chǔ)上,本文根據(jù)目前石化企業(yè)HSE管理體系對(duì)環(huán)境管理的要求,依據(jù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、鄰避、企業(yè)社會(huì)責(zé)任、利益相關(guān)者等相關(guān)理論和石化企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)特點(diǎn),綜合考慮影響石化企業(yè)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的內(nèi)外因素,篩選形成了包含3個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo)、9個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)、28個(gè)三級(jí)指標(biāo)的環(huán)境管理績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。通過(guò)層次分析法,確定了各分級(jí)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,使得設(shè)計(jì)出的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系具有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性和可操作性。運(yùn)用所建立的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)南京兩家石化企業(yè)2015年的環(huán)境管理績(jī)效作了綜合評(píng)價(jià)。分析評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,可以得出結(jié)論:兩家公司在環(huán)境管理上都投入了較大精力,在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程和環(huán)境管理過(guò)程中,注重環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,綜合表現(xiàn)良好。A公司的治理指標(biāo)值和效率指標(biāo)值均為8.87, B公司的治理指標(biāo)值和效率指標(biāo)值均為8. 67;效率指標(biāo)中權(quán)重較大的單位耗能產(chǎn)值比率和能源有效利用率,A公司均為2. 32,B公司均為2. 27。為了提高單位耗能產(chǎn)值比率和能源有效利用率,從環(huán)境管理中獲得較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益和社會(huì)效益,針對(duì)石化企業(yè)今后的環(huán)境管理工作,本文提出如下建議:一是持續(xù)改進(jìn)生產(chǎn)工藝,從源頭上降低能耗、提高企業(yè)的能源使用水平。二是不斷加大環(huán)保投入,力爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程能源消耗和污染排放的全程檢測(cè)和控制。三是深入推進(jìn)節(jié)能降耗,建立企業(yè)有效的能源管理和環(huán)境管理組織體系,增加新能源的使用比例。四是加快推進(jìn)資源綜合利用,大力倡導(dǎo)、推行循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和清潔生產(chǎn),提高“三廢”的綜合利用水平。
[Abstract]:The production process of petrochemical industry has the characteristics of high humidity and high pressure, flammable and explosive. Some products are poisonous and harmful, and there are many kinds of waste water, waste gas and solid waste, such as large quantity, complex components and large environmental capacity. Environmental safety problems are easy to occur. The environmental quality not only affects the normal operation of petrochemical enterprises, but also affects the physical and mental health of employees. The special characteristics of production process also make petrochemical enterprises face the risk of avoiding conflict. Petrochemical enterprises need to choose between the expansion of production scale and the health of employees, the safe operation of equipment and environmental protection. The implementation of health, safety and environmental management systems (HSEs) makes it possible to resolve these contradictions. Improving the consciousness of safe production and green production, establishing and perfecting the health, safety and environment management system of enterprises, and improving the environmental quality of enterprises are the ultimate goals of implementing HSE management system to carry out environmental management. Under the impetus of the country and the enterprises themselves, the environmental management of petrochemical enterprises has achieved initial results. Evaluating the performance of environmental management is the inherent requirement of implementing HSE management system, and it is also an important method to check the effectiveness of HSE management system in petrochemical enterprises. However, how to establish an appropriate index system to ensure the objectivity and practicability of environmental management performance evaluation is a problem that should be deeply studied in the implementation of HSE management system. On the basis of summing up the traditional performance evaluation index system, according to the requirements of HSE management system for environmental management in petrochemical enterprises at present, this paper bases on sustainable development, adjacent avoidance, corporate social responsibility. Relevant theories such as stakeholders and the production characteristics of petrochemical enterprises are taken into account synthetically the internal and external factors that affect the environmental quality of petrochemical enterprises. The index system of environmental management performance evaluation was formed, which included 3 first class indexes, 9 second class indexes and 28 third grade indexes. Through the analytic hierarchy process, the weight of each grade index is determined, which makes the evaluation index system have strong pertinence and maneuverability. The environmental management performance of two petrochemical enterprises in Nanjing in 2015 was comprehensively evaluated by using the evaluation index system. By analyzing the evaluation results, we can draw the conclusion that the two companies have invested more energy in the environmental management, and have paid attention to the coordinated development of the environment, economy and society in the process of production and operation of the enterprises and in the environmental management process. The comprehensive performance. A company's governance index value and efficiency index value are both 8.87, B company's governance index value and efficiency index value are both 8. 7. The ratio of unit energy consumption to output value and the efficiency of energy utilization in the efficiency index are both 2. 5%. 32B companies are all 2. 5%. 27. In order to improve the ratio of unit energy consumption to output value and the efficiency of energy utilization, and to obtain higher economic and social benefits from environmental management, this paper aims at the future environmental management of petrochemical enterprises. The following suggestions are put forward in this paper: one is to continuously improve the production process, reduce energy consumption from the source, and improve the energy use level of enterprises. Second, increasing environmental protection investment to realize the whole detection and control of energy consumption and pollution emission in production process. Third, promote energy conservation and reduce consumption, establish an effective energy management and environmental management organization system, and increase the proportion of new energy use. Fourth, speed up the comprehensive utilization of resources, vigorously advocate, promote recycling economy and cleaner production, and improve the comprehensive utilization level of the "three wastes."
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.72

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