本文選題：純電動家用轎車 + 全生命周期成本　； 參考：《江蘇科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：純電動家用轎車作為新興汽車領(lǐng)域正逐步崛起。純電動家用轎車以其“低碳、環(huán)�！钡奶攸c正逐步成為未來汽車的發(fā)展方向,推廣純電動家用轎車成為我國政府著力促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的重要舉措。目前純電動家用轎車市場呈現(xiàn)“叫好不叫座”的局面,技術(shù)不成熟、配套不完善等因素導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者前期購買和后期維護(hù)使用需付出高昂的費(fèi)用,因此,為了進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大純電動家用轎車的消費(fèi)市場,需要對其成本實施有效控制。純電動家用轎車的成本控制范圍不能僅僅局限于傳統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)制造過程,而應(yīng)著眼于全生命周期,實施全方位的成本優(yōu)化。根據(jù)一般制造業(yè)的經(jīng)驗數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)計階段是整個生命周期的前端,決定了產(chǎn)品全生命周期成本的70%以上,由此可見,純電動家用轎車全生命周期成本優(yōu)化研究的關(guān)鍵在于設(shè)計階段對成本的全面把控。為了給設(shè)計者提供降低成本的相關(guān)依據(jù),擴(kuò)大純電動家用轎車的市場占有率,本文重點研究純電動家用轎車全生命周期成本的估算及優(yōu)化。本文首先介紹了選題背景,闡述課題研究的理論意義和實踐價值,回顧了國內(nèi)外研究成果,引出本文的主要內(nèi)容、研究方法;其次,對相關(guān)概念和理論進(jìn)行了闡述,為展開純電動家用轎車全生命周期成本優(yōu)化研究提供理論支撐;再次,重點分析了純電動家用轎車成本估算以及成本優(yōu)化現(xiàn)狀及問題,結(jié)合純電動家用轎車全生命周期成本的構(gòu)成,選擇偏最小二法估算純電動家用轎車全生命周期成本,找出影響成本的關(guān)鍵設(shè)計參數(shù)。同時,以估算模型得到的各階段成本與設(shè)計參數(shù)之間的映射關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ),將客戶需求、技術(shù)可行性、企業(yè)的預(yù)算及盈利空間作為約束條件構(gòu)建成本優(yōu)化模型,通過非線性數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃求解得到最小全生命周期成本以及對應(yīng)最優(yōu)設(shè)計參數(shù)組合;最后,以市場上暢銷的11款純電動家用轎車為例,驗證模型的有效性并提出相關(guān)政策建議。優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明:無論是購置階段、運(yùn)行維護(hù)階段還是回收報廢階段,續(xù)航里程、電池容量都是影響純電動家用轎車成本的關(guān)鍵設(shè)計參數(shù),在設(shè)計初期基于客戶的日常需求,適當(dāng)減小電池容量、續(xù)航里程,選配合理的車載動力電池,可以有效降低純電動家用轎車全生命周期成本。
[Abstract]:Pure electric car as a new car field is gradually rising. The pure electric household car is becoming the development direction of the future automobile gradually because of its "low carbon, environmental protection" characteristic. Popularizing the pure electric household car becomes the important measure that our country government tries to promote the traditional automobile industry structure adjustment. At present, the pure electric household car market presents the situation of "praise not to be popular", the technology is not mature, the matching is not perfect and so on the factor causes the consumer to buy in the early stage and the later maintenance use to need to pay the high expense, therefore, In order to further expand the consumer market of pure electric car, it is necessary to control its cost effectively. The cost control range of pure electric household car should not be limited to the traditional manufacturing process, but should focus on the whole life cycle and implement the cost optimization in all directions. According to the empirical data of the general manufacturing industry, the design phase is the front end of the whole life cycle, which determines more than 70% of the total life cycle cost of the product. The key of the research on the whole life cycle cost optimization of the pure electric car is the overall cost control in the design stage. In order to provide the designers with the relevant basis to reduce the cost and expand the market share of the pure electric car, this paper focuses on the estimation and optimization of the whole life cycle cost of the pure electric car. This paper first introduces the background of the topic, expounds the theoretical significance and practical value of the research, reviews the domestic and foreign research results, leads to the main content of this paper, research methods; secondly, describes the related concepts and theories. It provides the theoretical support for the research of the whole life cycle cost optimization of the pure electric car. Thirdly, the cost estimation, the current situation and the problems of the cost optimization of the pure electric household car are analyzed emphatically. Combined with the composition of the whole life cycle cost of the pure electric household car, the partial least square method is selected to estimate the whole life cycle cost of the pure electric car, and the key design parameters affecting the cost are found out. At the same time, based on the mapping relationship between the cost and design parameters obtained from the estimation model, the cost optimization model is constructed based on the constraints of customer demand, technical feasibility, enterprise budget and profit space. The minimum life cycle cost and the corresponding optimal design parameter combination are obtained by solving nonlinear mathematical programming. Finally, the validity of the model is verified and the relevant policy recommendations are put forward by taking 11 models of pure electric household cars which are popular in the market as an example. The optimization results show that the key design parameters are the cost of pure electric car, such as purchasing stage, running and maintenance stage, recycling stage, mileage and battery capacity, which are based on the customer's daily demand at the beginning of the design. To reduce the battery capacity, the mileage of the battery and the reasonable car battery can effectively reduce the cost of the whole life cycle of the pure electric car.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.471

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