本文關(guān)鍵詞： 國際貿(mào)易 銅產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈 隱含碳 網(wǎng)絡(luò)　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：銅礦及其產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易作為全球貨物貿(mào)易的重要組成部分,為世界各國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),但國際貿(mào)易中隱含的碳轉(zhuǎn)移也使各國面臨著碳排放問題。隨著各國貿(mào)易與世界貿(mào)易市場聯(lián)系日益緊密,貿(mào)易碳減排也逐漸受到關(guān)注,成為學(xué)術(shù)界研究的熱點(diǎn)問題之一。本文以產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論作為研究基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中的銅精礦貿(mào)易和精煉銅貿(mào)易,對(duì)銅精礦與精煉銅國際貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀及其隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)行研究。本文選取了聯(lián)合國統(tǒng)計(jì)司(UN comtrade)中的銅精礦貿(mào)易數(shù)據(jù)和精煉銅貿(mào)易數(shù)據(jù),數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)間的選取范圍為2007年到2014年;美國橡樹嶺國家實(shí)驗(yàn)室給定的碳排放系數(shù);中國銅精礦生產(chǎn)能源消耗值和銅冶煉能源消耗值;國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)數(shù)據(jù)取值于國際貨幣基金組織。首先闡述了銅精礦和精煉銅的國際貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀,其次采用貿(mào)易量、能源消耗系數(shù)和碳排放系數(shù)對(duì)兩者國際貿(mào)易中的隱含碳進(jìn)行了測算,結(jié)果表明銅精礦和精煉銅國際貿(mào)易中存在大量多余的碳排放,中國銅精礦對(duì)外依存度與當(dāng)前報(bào)告中的數(shù)值存在偏差,即中國不需要進(jìn)口大量銅精礦以加工成精煉銅出口至其他國家。再者,運(yùn)用復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)方法構(gòu)建銅礦石和精煉銅(ECCR)凈貿(mào)易隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移網(wǎng)絡(luò),分析貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)、凈貿(mào)易隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移流向和隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移強(qiáng)度。結(jié)果顯示中國、德國和美國是凈進(jìn)口國,智利、秘魯和贊比亞是凈出口國。此外,能源政策或緊急事件的發(fā)生可能是影響資源型國家貿(mào)易量的主要因素,全球經(jīng)濟(jì)事件是影響進(jìn)口國貿(mào)易量的主要因素。結(jié)合每個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)情況,還分析了貿(mào)易國家的隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移強(qiáng)度,結(jié)果表明不同類型國家的碳轉(zhuǎn)移強(qiáng)度明顯不同,一些發(fā)達(dá)國家碳轉(zhuǎn)移強(qiáng)度的演變規(guī)律與一些發(fā)展中國家相似。最后,對(duì)中國銅精礦和精煉銅國際貿(mào)易發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移情況進(jìn)行了分析,進(jìn)而得出中國銅精礦和精煉銅國際貿(mào)易中存在的對(duì)外依存度高、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易國家單一、進(jìn)出口結(jié)構(gòu)不合理問題,從而針對(duì)問題提出了中國銅精礦和精煉銅國際貿(mào)易低碳化改善建議。本文構(gòu)建的銅礦石和精煉銅(ECCR)凈貿(mào)易隱含碳轉(zhuǎn)移網(wǎng)絡(luò)為研究國際貿(mào)易中隱含碳排放提供了一種分析途徑,研究結(jié)果為銅精礦和精煉銅貿(mào)易國家優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)及碳減排決策的制定產(chǎn)生了一定的參考作用,也為其他國際貿(mào)易碳排放的研究提供了新的視角和研究基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the global trade in goods, copper mine and its products trade provide a solid material basis for the economic development of all countries in the world. However, the implied carbon transfer in international trade also makes countries face the problem of carbon emissions. With the increasingly close relationship between trade and the world trade market, carbon emission reduction in trade has been gradually concerned. This paper takes industrial economics and complex network theory as the research foundation, combining the copper concentrate trade and refined copper trade in the industrial chain. The present situation of international trade in copper concentrate and refined copper and its implied carbon transfer are studied. In this paper, the data of copper concentrate trade and refined copper trade are selected. The selection range of data time is from 2007 to 2014; The carbon emission factor given by Oak Ridge National Laboratory; China copper concentrate production energy consumption value and copper smelting energy consumption value; The gross domestic product (GDP) data are based on the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Firstly, the current situation of international trade in copper concentrate and refined copper is described, and then the volume of trade is adopted. The energy consumption coefficient and carbon emission coefficient are used to measure the implied carbon in the international trade. The results show that there are a lot of excess carbon emissions in the international trade of copper concentrate and refined copper. There is a deviation between the external dependence of Chinese copper concentrates and the current report, that is, China does not need to import a large amount of copper concentrate to be processed into refined copper for export to other countries. Using the complex network method to construct the net trade implied carbon transfer network of copper ore and refined copper ore, analyze the trade structure, net trade implied carbon transfer flow and implied carbon transfer intensity. The results show that China. Germany and the United States are net importers, Chile, Peru and Zambia are net exporters. In addition, energy policies or emergencies may be the main factors affecting the volume of trade of resource-based countries. Global economic events are the main factors affecting the volume of trade of importing countries. Combined with the economic situation of each country, the implied carbon transfer intensity of trading countries is also analyzed. The results show that the carbon transfer intensity of different types of countries is obviously different, and the evolution law of carbon transfer intensity in some developed countries is similar to that in some developing countries. Finally, the current situation of international trade in copper concentrate and refined copper in China is discussed. Based on the analysis of implied carbon transfer, it is concluded that the foreign dependence of China's copper concentrate and refined copper in international trade is high, the country of import and export trade is single, and the structure of import and export is unreasonable. Therefore, suggestions for improving the low carbonization of China's copper concentrate and refined copper in international trade are put forward. The copper ore and refined copper (ECCR) are constructed in this paper. Net trade implied carbon transfer networks provide an analytical approach to the study of implied carbon emissions in international trade. The results provide a reference for the optimization of trade structure and decision making of carbon emission reduction in copper concentrate and refined copper trading countries, and also provide a new perspective and research basis for the study of carbon emissions in other international trade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X196;F416.32;F742

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